Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Se definen los conceptos de vectores equicorrelacionados y de vectores conjuntamente equicorrelacionados. Bajo el supuesto de normalidad, se obtienen los estimadores de máxima verosimilitud de la matriz de covarianza de estos dos tipos de vectores. Se sugiere además una metodología para desarrollar tests para contrastar distintas hipótesis que involucran los conceptos de equicorrelación mencionados.

Esta presente edición de la Revista Matemática tiene como objetivo conmemorar el importante aniversario 25 de la carrera de Ingeniería Estadística de la Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas de la Escuela Superior Politécnica del Litoral.

This paper presents a digital development designed specifically for family tourism with the creation of applications named Costa Daurada Trip&Kids and Terres de l’Ebre Trip&Kids. Its objectives are: 1) to facilitate, through an intelligent system, family tourism experiences to certain tourist attractions, especially beaches, cultural heritage and wine culture, and 2) to improve the experience of families during the visit to the attractions and increase their loyalty degree. These applications use intelligent systems to suggest to families the experiences that best suit their needs (such as children's age, interests, means of transport, etc.), considering the affluences, booking availability, parking options, opening hours or weather forecast, among others, in real time, of the attractions and their surroundings. The applications use gamification tools to enable the collection of user data, as well as to encourage visits to other areas with less popularity and help alleviate overcrowding in most frequented ones. Finally, indicators for tourism destination managers are generated through monitoring the behaviour of users with the applications.

The purpose of this study is to estimate the physical, real, and effective tourism carrying capacity of one of the three pathways defined for walking tourists based on the Historic City of Yazd document in the UNESCO World Heritage List. In recent years, this pathway has been renovated. Mass arrival of tourists select it because of its older and larger number of historical buildings, boutique hotels and handicraft stores. In this research, a library-documentary approach, together with an analytical method, has been implemented. The data was collected from official sources and field studies as well as the data was consolidated by convening a panel of professionals. The total area of the main tourism pathway was first calculated using AutoCAD software based on urban map and, along with other information required in carrying capacity formulas, was embedded. Then, the number of allowed visitors was estimated based on existing limitations. The research findings show that the number of visitors in this area, based on official statistics, is far from its carrying capacity. Thereby, it is suggested that for high seasons, Nowruz Holidays in particular, measures should be taken to control the crowd of this area such as developing alternative tourism attractions, leading the crowding population towards other pathways, planning distribution of tours, specifying time limit for tours, increasing the time spent visiting the site in the first half of the year, enhancing qualities of urban spaces, as well as organizing tour guides and local trained people to manage tourists.

In this work the topic of the training of social skills in the Bachelor in Education. Pedagogy-Psychology was approached, in order to reach a professional performance. The proposed objective was directed to the elaboration of a methodology to improve the process of training of social skills: active listening and teamwork in the students of 2nd year of the aforementioned career at the Pinar del Río University "Hermanos Saíz Montes de Oca". Methods of the theoretical level and the empirical level were used. The last, were used through its corresponding instruments for the diagnosis: Scale for social skills in pedagogical careers, Guide for the analysis of guiding documents , Guide for observation to the classes, Guide for interview to the teachers and to the students. It was followed a mixed approach which involved both a qualitative and a quantitative analysis of the results. As a result, the elaborated methodology, based on sciences related with pedagogy, was organized in four stages with its corresponding aims and actions, which allowed for the coherent organization of the training of these social skills in students. With the theoretical assessment carried out through the focus group method, the relevance of the methodology in relation to the problem encountered was highlighted as well as the internal coherence between its stages and actions.

At the center of the problems that are investigated in Technical and Professional Education is the development of professional skills in the process of practical teaching of welding, in the context polytechnic school-productive entity, with the purpose of competent training of the force of qualified work for its insertion in the contemporary work world. The objective of this work was to present a system of actions for the development of the ability to weld in head position, welding, in the first-year students of the Specialized Workers in Welding specialty, in the First May Polytechnic Center of Pinar del Río. The research process was carried out on a dialectical-materialistic basis and methods of the theoretical level and the empirical level were used such as historical-logical, inductive-deductive, analysis-synthesis, modeling, system approach, observation, the documentary analysis and the interview, which allowed a theoretical and practical assessment of the educational reality and the proposal of the system of actions. This result contributed to the preparation of the students to face the professional problems that demand the field of action of the specialty.

La pertinencia social de la formación de los directores escolares, como proceso especializado, está asociada a la calidad de la información que se utiliza para su planeación, que en la actualidad resulta insuficiente. La investigación tuvo como objetivo fundamentar qué referentes orientadores deben ser utilizados para proveer información relevante, suficiente y oportuna en la definición de los objetivos y el contenido de ese proceso formativo, a fin de asegurar que este resulte socialmente pertinente. Su alcance se sustentó en una estrategia metodológica que partió de la sistematización de experiencias investigativas y otros trabajos precedentes, desarrollada mediante la utilización de métodos empíricos (revisión documental) y teóricos (análisis-síntesis, inducción-deducción) y procedimientos metodológicos (análisis de contenido y triangulación) de la investigación educativa, que posibilitaron identificar qué referentes orientadores son más empleados y considerados más importantes. Sobre la base de estos resultados, se modeló una propuesta teórico-metodológica que fundamenta aquellos referentes que, a juicio de los autores,  deben ser considerados en el diseño y realización de la formación especializada de los directores escolares, atemperada al contexto cubano; aunque factible de ser tenida en cuenta, con las adecuaciones correspondientes, en otros escenarios.

In recent times, the study of competences has being strength in Cuba from the pedagogical and didactic point of view. So it is necessary to continue working on the basis and relevance of the use of this term. This article analyzes the origin and theoretical basis of competencies, the diversity of points of view in its conceptualization and the lack of coherence in the structuring of curricula and programs with a competency approach by using document analysis method. Similarly, the authors disagree with the use of the term competence in the process of teacher training. It is presented their views on it. Finally, they conclude that there are similarities with the skills, so they are pronounced for the improvement of the term professional performance in the educational process of educators in Cuba. In this way, they aim to analyze the viability of the use of the term competence in the process of teacher training in Cuba.

The university teaching of history has been centred on the master class and the androcentric historiographic paradigm that cancels out the possibility of considering women as historical subjects. However, this didactic-disciplinary approach has not been able to respond to the training needs required by future teachers of the specialty to develop historical thinking in students. For this reason, it is important to move from the current traditional paradigm to a more constructivist and innovative one that focuses on the active and autonomous learning of the student. In order to contribute to this purpose, this article evaluates an experience of educational innovation implemented in a course of a career in Pedagogy, whose proposal seeks to introduce work based on historical skills and to incorporate the gender perspective in the approach to chilean independence (1810-1823). This study is situated and based on action-research that seeks to improve the historical and pedagogical knowledge of the participating subjects. The results showed that the students achieved significant learning in the mastery of the historical competencies worked on, although the difficulties they had in following the proposed unit were also noted, therefore, from the teaching perspective, it is vitally important to carry out more frequent activities that help future teachers to think historically.