Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Serialized TV Fiction: The Spanish Crime Genre and Complex Narrative. Generalist Networks (1990–2010)Serialização da ficção televisiva: o gênero policial espanhol e a narrativa complexa. Canais generalistas (1990-2010)This paper studies the 36 TV crime shows of the Spanish generalist channels (1990–2010) through a narrative analysis based on the hypothesis that the observed changes are related to foreign influences and will be decisive for contemporary serial narrative. It intends to determine if and how the procedural format has evolved into melancholic cop-opera and the interrelation with the modernization of TV stories. The results show that the structure of procedural drama no longer hinders serialization, that analepsis as a way of solving cases brings together procedural drama and series, and that cop-opera remains a genre on the rise in contemporary TV fiction, providing numerous titles to new and old platforms. These findings confirm the hypothesis suggested. The serialization of police drama, the sophistication in the use of narrative and visual resources, and the apparent influence of foreign productions determine the evolution of the analyzed period, as corroborated by generic and format hybridization, the forensic subgenre, and narrative resources. Serialization coincides with the establishment of the genre in Spain during the second decade analyzed (2000–2010). The visual fragmentation of the plot accentuates a postmodern narrative. Police drama reflects an increasingly homogeneous narrative between Spanish and American fiction, such as La casa de papel (Netflix, 2017–). Temporary alterations and story fragmentation produce mosaic-like fictions, and narrative transformations increase the engagement of a more active viewer.Para citar este artículo / to reference this article / para citar este artigoTous-Rovirosa, A., Hidalgo-Mari, T. y Morales-Morante, F. (2020). Serialización de la ficción televisiva: el género policiaco español y la narrativa compleja. Cadenas generalistas (1990-2010). Palabra Clave, 23(4), e2342. https://doi.org/10.5294/pacla.2020.23.4.2Recibido: 19/03/2019Aceptado: 19/07/2019Publicado: 06/10/2020Financiación: este artículo ha sido elaborado en el marco del proyecto “Historia de la programación y programas de ficción televisiva en España (cadenas de ámbito estatal): de la desregulación al apagón analógico, 1990-2010” (CSO2015-66260-C4-4-P), financiado por el Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad. Los datos de la producción de ficción española entre 2008 y 2010 proceden de los respectivos informes elaborados por el equipo español del Observatorio Iberoamericano de la Ficción Televisiva (Obitel).

Audience Perceptions of the Use of Melodrama in News Programs: Between Enthusiasm and ContemptPercepções do público com relação ao uso do melodrama em notícias por televisão: entre o entusiasmo e o desprezoIn Latin America, news programs frequently leverage melodramatic resources: targeting of personal stories, exacerbation of emotions, use of rhetorical figures, close-ups, dramatic music, among others. This phenomenon tends to be criticized by experts, professionals, and members of the audience who associate melodrama with sensationalism or the coverage of irrelevant events. This article presents the results of two studies carried out in Chile using qualitative methods (focus groups, in the first case, and in-depth interviews, in the second). They aimed to explore the audience’s perceptions of the use of melodramatic resources in the Chilean open television news and the characteristics they value and reject, and find differences in such perception regarding informative coverage of highly emotional news, such as disasters. The results show mixed perceptions, between criticism and optimism, as the participants in both studies highlight that, while excess melodrama bothers them, its inclusion in news programs develops empathy and moves them to action. As to the coverage of disasters, stories are perceived differently between those affected and not affected by their consequences.Para citar este artículo / to reference this article / para citar este artigoMujica, C., Grassau, D., Bachmann, I., Herrada, N., Flores, P. M. y Puente, S. (2020). Percepciones de la audiencia respecto del uso del melodrama en noticias por televisión: entre el entusiasmo y el desprecio. Palabra Clave, 23(4), e2341. https://doi.org/10.5294/pacla.2020.23.4.1Recibido: 14/03/2019Aceptado: 28/08/2019Publicado: 06/10/2020Financiación: los datos presentados en este artículo fueron obtenidos en el marco del Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico de Chile (Fondecyt), proyectos 1170725 y 1150379 (estudio A) y proyecto 1150310 (estudio B).

The television morning programs: A quantitative analysis of the interviews with politicians on TVE and Antena 3Programas matinais de televisão: uma análise quantitativa das entrevistas a políticos na TVE e no Antena 3The present investigation analyzes the TVE and Antena 3 morning talk shows, broadcasted between 1997 and 2006, in two aspects. On the one hand, a qualitative examination of the trajectory of Los desayunos, El primer café, La respuesta and Ruedo ibérico, and the business and political situation of the broadcasting chains is carried out. On the other hand, through a sampling, a quantitative study of the politicians interviewed in these programs is realized, in order to analyze the presence of the different parties and ideologies in these TV shows and draw a comparison between the public and private chain. The results reveal that both channels had a very similar agenda, opting for ideological diversity from a quantitative point of view and for the parties with greater parliamentary weight. In conclusion, it can be determined, thanks to this investigation, that the exam of the morning programs of the public and private channels were very similar television spaces, both in their structure and in their internal functioning, as in the profile of the guests related to the policy that were interviewed.Para citar este artículo/to reference this article/para citar este artigoReguero-Sanz, I. y Martín-Jiménez, V. (2020). Programas matinales televisivos: un análisis cuantitativo de las entrevistas a políticos en TVE y Antena 3. Palabra Clave, 23(1), e2315. https://doi.org/10.5294/pacla.2020.23.1.5Recibido: 02/04/2019Aceptado: 06/09/2019Online: 10/01/2020Financiación: This article was made within these research projects: “Historia de la programación y de los programas de televisión en España (cadenas de ámbito estatal): de la desregulación al apagón analógico, 1990-2010” (CSO2015-66260-C4-1-P), financed by the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (Spain); and “Perfiles del centro político (1976-1986): proyectos y realizaciones” (HAR2016-75600-C2-P), finianced by the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (Spain) (AI, FEDER, UE).

Getting Information from the Smartphone: Transmedia Reading Strategies by Young University Students from the Aglomerado Gran Buenos AiresEstar informado pelo smartphone: estratégias de leitura transmídia por parte de jovens universitários do Aglomerado Gran Buenos AiresNews consumption has transformed significantly in recent years due to the multiple devices through which information is accessed, changes in how news are told, and the growing importance of software in information management. The smartphone is the main source of news for young university students from the Aglomerado Gran Buenos Aires, who employ particular reading strategies when it comes to getting information. Young people surf the internet taking advantage of the specificity and best features offered by each device in carrying the news. Thus, “transmedia reading” seems to be the form taken by the relationship established with these contents since news stories are displayed on multiple platforms and complemented by the active participation of users. The latter cause such platforms to interact with each other, share the news on social media, and produce content related to their interests. This exploratory research attempts to describe and discuss the youth’s news consumption practices using the smartphone that were collected through 16 in-depth interviews with students from various universities in the country. From the analysis of the interviews, we deduce that young people follow usual reading strategies ranging between exposure and interaction, between intensive and extensive reading, and between information seeking and entertainment.Para citar este artículo/to reference this article/para citar este artigoAlbarello, F. J. (2020). Informarse en el smartphone: estrategias de lectura transmedia por parte de jóvenes universitarios del Aglomerado Gran Buenos Aires. Palabra Clave, 23(3), e2331. https://doi.org/10.5294/pacla.2020.23.3.1Recibido: 22/06/2019Aceptado: 31/08/2019Publicado: 27/05/2020Financiación: Article funded by the Office of the Vice President for Research, Universidad Austral. Research project titled “El consumo transmedia de noticias por parte de jóvenes universitarios” (code: T18-15).

Docufiction and Social Responsibility: Recreating Gender Violence on TVDocumentário ficcional e responsabilidade social: a recriação da violência de gênero na televisãoThe treatment of gender violence has undergone a notable change in the Spanish media in the last two decades. Encouraged by awareness-raising and the publication of codes of ethics, this evolution is characterized by the abandonment of a discourse that classified violence against women as yellow journalism to address it as a social issue with structural causes. However, the advances in news coverage contrast with the emergence of docufiction formats, which combine the testimonies of victims and their environment with fictional reenactments. This research aims to inquire into how these formats deal with gender violence based on the analysis of the TV show Amores que duelen, broadcast by the Spanish private TV channel Telecinco. The qualitative study includes one season made up of eight episodes that aired between January and March 2017. Using a study card designed with specific indicators of the audiovisual genre and fictional or tabloid television resources, the discourse of victims and their environment, as well as the visual contents, are analyzed. Research results show the persistence of tabloid television strategies in exploiting violence, repeated and strengthened by dramatizations. Such an initiative is far from public service and re-approaches this phenomenon as yellow journalism, despite meeting some formal deontological criteria.Para citar este artículo / to reference this article / para citar este artigoPalau-Sampio, D. y Carratalá, A. (2020). Docuficción y responsabilidad social: la recreación de la violencia de género en TV. Palabra Clave, 23(3), e2334. https://doi.org/10.5294/pacla.2020.23.3.4Recibido: 03/04/2019Aceptado: 16/07/2019Publicado: 27/05/2020Financiación: proyecto I+D+i, código CSO2015-66667-R “Cambios en la empresa periodística: la estrategia del sensacionalismo. Su emergencia histórica en España y América”, financiado por el Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad de España.

Using Instagram for Communication of Luxury Fashion BrandsUso do Instagram para a comunicação das marcas de moda de luxoAmid global changes, this research intends to examine how luxury fashion brands can leverage this channel for brand communication and how they do it now. For this, we carried out a content analysis of the photos posted by 20 brands selected according to age, relevance, and digital activity criteria. The study period comprises six months (July–December 2017) to collect data during “normal” and intense periods. The integrating corpus of 6,977 posts was coded using the same code that included variables related to contents and formal questions. The results indicate that luxury fashion brands have not yet designed specific strategies for Instagram. We note little difference between the content they publish. Most share the same pattern: they exhibit the brand in similar spaces (usually at events or with neutral backgrounds), the characters often embody one or two archetypes, and images are often inexpressive. Brands do not take advantage of Instagram’s ability to stimulate participation and create community neither; only 3.7 % of the total sample do so. In brief, luxury fashion brands on Instagram have not yet developed attractive communication that holds followers’ attention and actually builds the brand to engage the interested audiences.Para citar este artículo / to reference this article / para citar este artigoVelar-Lera, M., Herrera-Damas, P. y González-Aldea, P. (2020). Uso de Instagram para la comunicación de las marcas de moda de lujo. Palabra Clave, 23(4), e2344. https://doi.org/10.5294/pacla.2020.23.4.4Recibido: 31/07/2019Aceptado: 03/09/2019Publicado: 13/11/2020

(In)visibilidades sociocomunicacionales en la diáspora queerSociocommunicational (in)visibilities in the/of the queer diasporaThe aim of this article is to reflect on the (in)visibility dynamics registered in the experiences of LGBTIQ+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transvestite, transgender, transsexual, intersex, queer and other gender and/or sexual minorities) migrant subjects and how they can influence their socio-communicative interactions and the exercise of citizenship. Thus, a literature review is developed with the purpose of contextualizing the particularities of what can be called the queer diaspora and its interface with the binomial communication-citizenship. In articulation with the theoretical reflections developed, it is proposed to systematize and analyze partial data of an empirical incursion related to LGBTIQ+ immigration in the city of São Paulo. From these two aspects (theoretical and analytical), it is verified the constitution of spaces and dynamics of (in)visibility — institutional and non-institutional — about the migration of LGBTIQ+ subjects, making possible to think about their existence and the articulations with the guarantee of rights and greater citizen participation.Para citar este artículo / to reference this article / para citar este artigoTheodoro, H. G. S. y Cogo, D. (2020). (In)visibilidades sociocomunicacionais na diáspora queer. Palabra Clave, 23(3), e2332. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5294/pacla.2020.23.3.2Recibido: 04/04/2019Aceptado: 04/07/2019Publicado: 09/06/2020Financiación: The reflections and analysis in this paper belong to the doctorate research made in the postgraduate program in Communication and consumption practices of the Escola Superior de Propaganda e Marketing de São Paulo (PPGCOM-ESPM), since February 2017. It has the orientation of Dr. Denise Cogo. The study was financed by the Fundação Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (number: 2016/24566-1).

Towards a Critical Theory of Algorithmic ReasonPor uma teoria crítica da razão algorítmicaThis article starts from the theoretical review of algorithmic literature to outline the core themes of a critical theory. In the dichotomy between describing the world using macrodata and prescribing preset behaviors after analyzing big data, algorithmic reason may give rise to closed communication systems that simplify and standardize our practices. In accordance with an essay and philosophical method that binds the form and substance of criticism together, the dimensions for a reflective theory of algorithms concern three fundamental facets: a) abstraction, mathematical encryption, and calculation; b) performative algorithm-induced passivity, and c) invisible, impersonal power. So, the major contribution of the article is the discussion of the constraints arising from algorithmic technologies. The emphasis on a critical theory of technology becomes all the more relevant as digital devices normalize as intermediaries in various fields of human activity. Therefore, it is about problematizing technology as the basis of everyday behaviors and decisions from a theoretical perspective. The article intends to continue judging technology based on authors such as those belonging to the Frankfurt School or Lewis Mumford and Jacques Ellul in the field of technology itself, as well as current digitalism critics, such as Cathy O’Neil, Evgeny Morozov, or Nicholas Carr.Para citar este artículo / to reference this article / para citar este artigoFernández-Vicente, A. (2020). Hacia una teoría crítica de la razón algorítmica. Palabra Clave, 23(2), e2322. https://doi.org/10.5294/pacla.2020.23.2.2Recibido: 22/04/2019Aceptado: 04/07/2019Publicado: 03/03/2020

Using Facebook as a Communication Channel in the Fashion Industry: A Comparison of its Dialogical Side between Fast and Luxury Fashion BrandsUtilização do Facebook como canal de comunicação no setor da moda: um estudo comparativo de sua vertente dialógica entre o fast-fashion e as marcas de luxoBoth people and all kinds of organizations frequently use social media, especially Facebook. Companies in particular resort to digital communication to create emotional bonds with users, which is the case of the fashion industry. To identify the features of digital communication in business, this paper examines the use of Facebook by fashion brands. Given the substantial differences within this industry, it is necessary to compare how fast and luxury fashion brands operate this networking tool. For this, content analysis is performed on Facebook posts published by various fashion-related companies between January 1 and June 30, 2017. The main results show that, despite the interest of followers of the studied fashion brands in having a conversation, especially with luxury brands, these are not taking full advantage of the two-way communication possibilities offered by Facebook.Para citar este artículo/to reference this article/para citar este artigoNavarro-Beltrá, M., García Medina, I. y Miquel-Segarra, S. (2020). Utilización de Facebook como canal de comunicación en el sector de la moda: una comparativa de su vertiente dialógica entre las marcas de moda rápida y de lujo. Palabra Clave, 23(3), e2335. https://doi.org/10.5294/pacla.2020.23.3.5Recibido: 22/01/2019Aceptado: 08/06/2019Publicado: 09/06/2020

Electoral Criminology and Campaign Positioning: Insecurity, Proximity, and Leadership in the 2015 Argentine Presidential ElectionsCrime eleitoral e posicionamentos de campanha: insegurança, proximidade e liderança nas eleições presidenciais da Argentina de 2015In recent years, urban security has been central to political positioning in Latin American campaigns. The 2015 presidential election in Argentina was marked by political addresses on insecurity as an emerging social concern. This article intends to review how presidential candidates positioned themselves in the political field using speeches about urban security; specifically, it examines how the two main opposition candidates of the 2015 Argentine presidential election used crime-related concepts to help them stand in the race. It starts from the hypothesis that, at a conjuncture of citizens’ disbelief at politics and institutions, candidates choose to deliver speeches on crime as a way of positioning themselves among the electorate. Based on a qualitative study, and from the perspective of discourse analysis of campaign material, results show how crime-oriented speeches develop empathy among voters while enabling candidates to position themselves asymmetrically as leaders capable of ruling social conflict.Para citar este artículo / to reference this article / para citar este artigoCalzado, M. (2020). Criminología electoral y posicionamientos de campaña: inseguridad, proximidad y liderazgo en las elecciones presidenciales de Argentina de 2015. Palabra Clave, 23(3), e2333. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5294/pacla.2020.23.3.3Recibido: 28/01/2019Aceptado: 28/03/2019Publicado: 20/05/2020