Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

El análisis de la técnica deportiva desde el punto de vista biomecánico posibilita controlar los supuestos que conforman la técnica deportiva específica para su futuro perfeccionamiento, esto es esencial en la toma de decisiones como parte del proceso de dirección deportiva, sobre todo en deportes poco estudiados como es el powerlifting. En tal sentido, se determinó como objetivo de la investigación analizar biomecánicamente la técnica de sentadilla libre en el levantamiento de potencia por géneros. La investigación fue de tipo descriptiva-correlacional. Se estudiaron a 42 levantadores con rango etario entre 17-28 años, clasificados en dos grupos independientes según el género. Se estudió la técnica de la sentadilla libre en cuatro variables de análisis. No se evidenciaron diferencias significativas en ninguna de las variables analizadas. Se incluyó el ángulo de la rodilla (p=0.845), el pico de velocidad máxima (p=0.095) y la trayectoria del movimiento en su eje X (p=0.979) y su eje Y (p=0.845). No se evidenciaron diferencias entre los rangos etarios de los géneros estudiados (p=0.237). La técnica de sentadilla libre analizada, en su comparación por géneros, no evidenció diferencias significativas, aspecto que permitió deducir un nivel técnico similar entre los géneros estudiados. Se concluyó que, si es correcta la ejecución motriz específica en el deporte estudiado, el componente técnico del entrenamiento deportivo en powerlifting se cumple satisfactoriamente e independientemente del género entrenado. 

The game is a natural way of learning, since it includes elements of learning in interaction with play. Specifically, the game of chess is applied in the educational system of some countries as a multidisciplinary instrument, since it helps in the development of cognitive thinking, planning, imagination, anticipation, self-control, decision-making, creativity and intelligence. In this sense, the Physical Education teachers of the 2nd grade of the 1728 Elementary School, in the Tchioco neighborhood, in Lubango presented difficulties in the application of methods that allow the development of basic motor skills in an attractive way for their students. Hence, the objective of this research was to propose small games with notions of chess for the improvement of basic motor skills in the aforementioned students. For this, a descriptive, non-experimental, cross-sectional study was carried out and scientific methods were used at the theoretical level such as analytical-synthetic, induction-deduction, historical-logical and functional-systemic-structural and at the empirical level such as the review of documents, observation and interview; as well as the percentage calculation for the analysis of the data obtained. The results obtained allowed to characterize the state of development of the proposed objective and to adapt the proposal of games elaborated.

When assessing the results of several school years (2015-2019) in the field of Sport and Physical Education, difficulties related to the development of the classes were identified, associated with the lack of preparation of teachers to select, formulate and control the objectives, which was assumed by the Municipal Physical Education Commission of the Sports Directorate as a problem to be solved; based on this budget, the task of investigating the causes that determine such problems was assumed. It was identified, through the application of observation, documentary analysis, survey and interview, that there are deficiencies in the preparation of teachers and coaches that prevent them from assuming this technical element and that limit the achievement of the quality of the activities taught. That is why the objective of this article is to propose methodological guidelines to improve the selection, formulation and control of objectives in Physical Education classes and sports training sessions. The results achieved demonstrated that it is possible to achieve the preparation of teachers and sports coaches based on the proposed objective and thus raise the quality and results of student learning, which is essential for the fulfillment of the social role assigned in this field to the Municipal Directorates of Education and Sports.

The maximum oxygen consumption is considered an indicator directly related to aerobic endurance, so this capacity becomes decisive in the performance of the soccer player. Knowing the national theoretical criteria that supported the importance of VO2max in the recovery capacity in soccer was a previous step towards shaping prospective strategies of direct intervention for decision making. In this sense, the objective of the research was to determine, by consulting specialists, the existing criteria of the importance of VO2max in the recovery capacity of soccer players. The research was descriptive-correlational with an exploratory orientation; 13 specialists were surveyed who issued criteria on five indicators. The importance of aerobic endurance in soccer training obtained a score of (X 4.62) and in relation to the rest of the physical capacities applied to soccer a (X3.23); the importance of VO2max in the direction process a X 4.46); the correlation between VO2max and recovery a (X 4.54) and the need to improve aerobic endurance in Ecuadorian soccer a (X 4). The concordance index between specialists obtained an acceptable level (w=0.527). All the analysis indicators obtained a qualification between high and very high, so the research highlighted the theoretical importance provided by specialists on maximum oxygen consumption as an indicator directly related to aerobic endurance and the link between this and the ability to recovery of footballers.

In the 13-14 year old category of the weightlifting sport, the training of technical skills and the development of capacities are the main objectives. In the observations made to the training, deficiencies were observed in the execution of the classic exercises, due to insufficiencies in the coordination of the movement phases. In order to solve this scientific problem, the objective is to assess the results of the application of pedagogical actions for the development of coordination in weightlifters of the 13-14 years category. Actions were applied that favored the development of contents directed to the planning and training of the coordinative capacities in the methodological preparations and exercises of general and special physical preparation; in addition, a test was applied to evaluate the coordination of the phases of the classic snatch exercise in the training process. Methods of the theoretical level such as analysis-synthesis, systemic -structural and inductive-deductive and empirical methods such as observation, document analysis, survey and experimentation, as well as mathematical and statistical methods were used. The results of the application of the actions and the system of exercises for the development of coordination in weightlifters of the 13-14 category were considered novel, reflecting an increase in speed in the execution and movement coordination, as well as an increase of the scores of the technical evaluation in relation to previous school courses, which led to a better placement of the province's weightlifters in the national competition.

The objective of the study focused on characterizing the levels of development of body expression and motor skills achieved through the virtual modality, in a group of children from the Víctor Murillo Soto Basic Education school, in Ecuador, at the end of the 20-2021 school year. A non-experimental, cross-sectional research was carried out, through a field study with non-probabilistic, intentional and stratified sampling made up of 32 children, their parents and a teacher. The variables education in virtual modality, body expression and motor skills were operationalized in four dimensions: perception of result, implementation strategies, perception of its impact and levels of development and a questionnaire, a structured interview and an observation guide were applied; in addition, a rating scale with three levels of development. The results showed that the parents were in favor of the face-to-face modality in relation to the achievement of motor learning objectives, to take advantage of the physical spaces in children's educational institutions and to achieve a quality education for their children; a contradiction was revealed between the teaching discourse and the real levels of development of child body language and motor skills, in correspondence with the curricular requirements of the sublevel and low levels of development in body language and motor skills, at the end of the school period, due to that only a third of the children achieve the category of acquired.

Currently, dance is recognized as a form of expression and movement that contains elements of rhythm and bodily action essential for the training process in the area of Physical Education. By virtue of the above, the objective of the work that is shared in the present article is to systematize the theoretical and methodological bases that support the value of dance in the professional training of Physical Education teachers. A documentary-quantitative research was developed, for which sources and authors related to the subject were selected, documents from scientific journals indexed in databases, as well as in repositories of universities and research centers were collected; theoretical level methods were used such as the analytical - synthetic, inductive-deductive and content analysis as a methodological tool, for the processing, analysis and systematization of information , as well as the applied survey, which results showed a very acceptable concordance index ( w=0.722 ). The conclusions of the study made it possible to reveal the value of dance and the need for adequate professional training of expressive content in Physical Education teachers.

The qualities of the physical condition such as flexibility, strength and VO2max in the athlete, are fully manifested in any sporting activity. The objective of the research was to evaluate the level of flexibility and the existing relationship with the level of explosive strength and VO2max. One hundred thirty-seven athletes from the province of Imbabura were selected in the disciplines of soccer, basketball, climbing, athletics and taekwondo and were evaluated through the sit and reach test, vertical jump (VERT) and Queen College test. The results showed that 81.8 % were of mixed ethnicity, 56 % of the sample male. The taekwondo and climbing disciplines were more flexible (31 cm), the average explosive strength that stood out was climbing (48cm) of jumping capacity, followed by basketball (45cm); the VO2max of the basketball players was excellent (57 ml*kg-1*min-1). Soccer presented an average VO2max (52.8 ml*kg-1*min), with significant differences between the means (p=<0.05). The flexibility of the sports disciplines had a moderate direct relationship (p=<0.00) with strength and a moderate inverse relationship (p=<0.01/ rho =-0.4) with VO2max. Flexibility was directly proportional to strength, that is, if flexibility increased, strength also increased; however, flexibility was inversely proportional to VO2max, that is, flexibility decreased and VO2max increased.

It is considered a necessity to promote a new image of school Physical Education from the accompaniment of information and knowledge technologies, considering its informative, interactive, communicative essence and its controversial and active-renovating character that they provide to the physical-sporting activities of great vitality in the context of learning physical exercise. Therefore, the objective is to develop a methodological structure, from the technological-cognitive-motor relationship, based on the dynamics of the interaction of the school with the theoretical knowledge of Physical Education mediated by the use of information technologies and knowledge, in the second cycle of Primary Education. As a result, a didactic tool was generated to stimulate theoretical knowledge in Physical Education, as well as the design of spaces for use as a learning model, aimed at achieving a balance between the technological, the cognitive and the motor in the teaching-learning process. Analysis-synthesis and induction-deduction were used as theoretical methods, empirical observation, survey and interviews, as well as the mathematical-statistical-descriptive method. It is concluded that the appropriation of theoretical knowledge in an interactive space mediated by computer tools had a positive effect on the learning of physical exercise in schoolchildren, since it strengthened developer and integrative learning during the process.

During the COVID-19 health crisis, the development of healthy lifestyles in students of the school system has gained special significance, so this study aims to promote, through Physical Education, the formation of healthy lifestyles in the school community from the intermediate leadership, the interdisciplinary articulation, the integration of ICT and the school-family unit. In the study, a mixed paradigm was assumed; 265 students, 11 teachers and 2 directors participated. Group interviews, participant observation and the fantastic questionnaire were applied. A favorable development in the practice of physical and sports activity, as well as the improvement of nutrition habits were evidenced, and practices of the proposed action plan were institutionalized. It is concluded that the action plan can be considered as a valid way for the formation of healthy lifestyles in basic education students, in the studied context.