Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The insufficient study of laterality patterns in sport limits the diagnosis of the type of motor skills and significantly hinders the training planning processes, from the individualities of the soccer players, to seek optimal performance. The objective of the study was to characterize the predominant laterality patterns in male soccer players of the Havana team, youth category. An exploratory and descriptive study was developed that applied theoretical, empirical (interviews and surveys), and statistical-mathematical methods (using Excel spreadsheets). Six tests were applied (Directing eye, Directing hand, Laterality of the hip, Laterality of the shoulder, Dynamic leg and Directing foot), with contextualized international instruments and endorsed by specialized research for their use in Cuba. The heterogeneity of the sample showed the generic trend in the preferential behavior of the soccer players studied.

Among the innumerable changes that have occurred in contemporary volleyball, is the appearance of the libero player. He is a purely defensive player who can continuously enter and leave the field and replace any of the other players when they are in defense due to rotation. The research presented aims to assess the technical-tactical behavior of the libero player in the male youth volleyball category; for this, scientific methods of the theoretical level such as, historical -logical and inductive-deductive, as well as documentary review, observation and interview of the empirical level were used, which guaranteed the study of the 16 wolves athletes who participated in the 2022 national youth championship. The results obtained offer a series of important data on the individual and collective particularities of the athletes studied, to direct the training schedule.

  

This paper research perception studies in athletes from the national table tennis team. Its objective was to propose perceptual-visual exercises to improve the perception of central and peripheral distance in said team, based on the detection of the difficulties presented in the game in the qualifying controls, 2019. The need to carry out studies that explore the perception of central and peripheral distance in the field of sports psychology reveals the importance and topicality of the subject, due to the contribution of this component of the psychoregulatory system of motor actions, to the performance of athletes during the training and competition process. Theoretical level methods such as analysis-synthesis, as well as observation, interview and Vera and Saínz de la Torre test from the empirical level were used to determine the perception of distance adjusted to the specific characteristics of table tennis and tennis, also the specialist criteria method was used. The main results allowed to verify an inadequate level of development of the perception of distance, in relation to optical motor calculations, central-peripheral vision and unbalanced movements in displacements. In addition, there are difficulties in coordination and reactions that affect the precision, power and placement of the shots. Perceptual-visual exercises were developed to improve the perception of central and peripheral distance in the national table tennis team, which were valued as very adequate by specialists.

The research was carried out in the Jiguaní municipality, Granma province, Cuba. It began, from the limited attention that fibrocystic students receive in the school context due to in the Cuban educational system there is no evidence of physical-therapeutic activity programs that guide the prescription of physical exercises and take into account the possibilities, potentialities and needs of these children. The objective of the research is to develop a program of physical-therapeutic activities, characterized by a comprehensive physical -educational approach that improves the health-oriented physical condition of students with cystic fibrosis. For its development, a correlational study was carried out, with a pre-experimental design in the period between September 2019 and June 2021. Theoretical, empirical and statistical-mathematical methods were used, as well as research techniques, including: analytical-synthetic, hypothetical-deductive, structural-functional systemic, documentary review, structured observation, expert judgment, interview, methodological triangulation and descriptive and inferential statistics. From an intentional sampling, four students with clinical manifestations of the respiratory tract, low self-esteem and poor physical condition were selected, representing the total population, for 100%, with an average age of nine years. In the results of the experiment, through the indicators evaluated with the implementation of the program of physical-therapeutic activities, significant changes were observed in 100% of the sample, thereby improving the health-oriented physical condition in students with cystic fibrosis.

The training of the figures in artistic swimming constitutes one of the fundamental aspects in the technical preparation of artistic swimmers, its mastery is a condition to achieve sporting success. However, currently the procedures and components that support it are insufficient. Hence, the research is aimed at verifying the behavior of the application of the methodology for the improvement of the training of figures in artistic swimmers. With a population of eight artistic swimmers in the 11-12 years category belonging to the "Capitán Orestes Acosta Herrera" School of Sports Initiation in Santiago de Cuba. The analytical-synthetic and systemic-structural-functional theoretical methods were applied; with respect to the empirical ones, the documentary analysis and the pre-experimental pretest-postest design for a single group and in the statistical ones the descriptive one with the mean, mode and standard deviation; and the inferential with the T Student test for related samples. In this sense, the proposal was characterized by the use of the systemic approach to the restructuring of the content from a training plan of the figures. The quality of the methodology was corroborated by the results obtained in the application of the pre-experiment confirmed by different statistical techniques that highlight its functionality, sustainability, relevance and feasibility.

The improvement of the three substantive processes of the university, teaching, research and university extension has been a priority for Cuban higher education that has developed a series of changes and transformations in order to guarantee an excellent training of the professionals who graduate from it. In this sense, the research addressed the issue of university extension in professional upgrading and had the objective of promoting the improvement of university teachers and their link with scientific advances in a postgraduate course for the Degree in Physical Culture and Sports, from the university extension. The research process was governed by the dialectical-materialist method; theoretical level methods such as historical-logical and analysis-synthesis and empirical level ones as documentary analysis, in-depth interview and survey were used to interpret the results obtained in each stage of the research. The results showed as main weaknesses the insufficient recognition of the importance of university extension in the teaching context, as well as the little scientific production related to the subject. From the study carried out, it is concluded that the university extension in the improvement of this professional constitutes an expeditious way for a better knowledge, management, preservation and dissemination of intra- and extracurricular activities and in the improvement of the quality of life, in order to contribute to form citizens capable of being, knowing, doing and living together.

The development of contemporary sport has characteristics that have a great influence on the organization of the preparation and training of athletes. This work is related to the results of the research that is carried out on decision-making in the tactical preparation of judo, for which it is necessary to evaluate the athletes in the different circumstances in which they are in combat; therefore, its objective is to elaborate dimensions and indicators for the evaluation of decision-making from the tactical preparation in the youth category judo athletes of "Ormany Arenado" Sport Initiation School (Eide in Spanish) from Pinar del Río. The need for judo athletes to present adequate levels in decision-making in each competition they face increases the possibilities of achieving superior sporting results; fact that stimulates the search, on the part of the coaches, of novel forms of the preparation process that differ from the traditional ones. In the research, theoretical methods such as analysis-synthesis and systemic-structural-functional, as well as empirical ones like document review, scientific observation, interview and consultation with specialists were used; in addition to descriptive statistics. As a result, the indicators were determined for each established dimension with their corresponding measurement criteria that allowed the granting of a comprehensive evaluation of the decision-making process in judo athletes.

The work presented is part of one of the researches contained in the institutional project "Table tennis for the integral development of the human being, systematization from the subject Physical activity, sport and recreation: school sports massification". This research aims to assess, through a diagnostic study, if environmental pressures affect the practice of table tennis in students of the Technical University "Luis Vargas Torres" in Esmeraldas. After carrying out a theoretical analysis on some background related to environmental pressures in sport, a group of surveys, interviews, documentary review and tests were applied to verify the presence of environmental pressures in direct relation to psychological and physical pressures. It was concluded that the pressures related to the public, the time limit and the scoreboard were the most significant and as a consequence, measures must be taken to prevent their impacts, as well as considering their inclusion in the methodological guidelines for tennis training. table.