Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

   This article presents the measurement of decent work in Mexico during the period 2005-2019, using a multidimensional index that encompasses salary (dignified salary) and non-salary (rights) aspects, while analyzing its relationship with the economic environment and openness. Using the hierarchical structure of the database contained in the National Survey of Occupation and Employment (ENOE), a multilevel model is estimated in which a positive relationship is indicated between decent work and the productive branches with the highest direct foreign investment, as well as the states with the greatest weight of exports with respect to their GBP. Also identified is the relationship between this and the heterogeneity in the sociodemographic characteristics of the worker and aspects related to their sectoral and state environment. 

This article aims to study the variables that influence the preference for formality or informality of nanoenterprises in the perimetropolitan area of Milpa Alta, Mexico City. For this purpose, a controlled experiment was conducted on 122 individuals, in which the prerogatives of formality were highlighted in order to obtain a transition matrix and three Logit models. The results indicate that 27% of entrepreneurs are willing to transition to formality. Furthermore, as the amount of initial investment increases, the preference for informality decreases, while the preference for formality increases when the individual's level of education corresponds to a bachelor's or engineering degree. Finally, the lower the initial investment, the more complex the informal-formal transition becomes.

This article examines inequality in income distribution in Argentina between 2014 and 2020 in a context of stagnation and economic crisis, which coincided with the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic. The determining factors of income distribution were analyzed based on a household survey,  and a breakdown of the Gini coefficient was implemented to determine the factors that explained the increase in inequality. From astructuralist point of view, the retraction of formal employment, the expansion of the informal sector, and greater coverage of social protection policies were the central factors that explained the increased level of inequality at that time. Social transfers helped to mitigate inequality in the face of the Covid-19 pandemic. 

This article aims to identify the impacts of climate change on livestock production in Mexico. Data from 28,337 livestock production units are used to estimate a Ricardian model and to simulate the effects of climate change on net income per head. The main results suggest that climate change could reduce net income by between -13.42 and -16.87% in 2041-2060 and between -14.42 and 33.83% in 2081-2100. Furthermore, small, less diversified producers appear to be the most vulnerable to climate change.

Inter-state economic and social convergence was analyzed in Mexico's 32 states during the period 2005-2019. Absolute economic convergence was tested through real income and average real labor income and average hourly real labor income. The variables of life expectancy, survival rate, child survival rate and educational level of workers were used to test for absolute social convergence. In addition, using the spatial dependence technique, Moran's I, it was found that economic variables related to labor income present a high level of spatial correlation. In contrast, only social variables such as life expectancy and the educational level of workers are spatially correlated.

This paper aims to analyze the evolution of the trilateral trade relationship between Mexico, the United States and China, and its main characteristics, from 1993 to 2020, through the application of vector autoregressive (VAR) models at different points in time. More specifically, trade links between these economies have been transformed from a first phase of little significance to a second phase with profound interrelationships since 2001, and finally to a current consolidation stage, despite the current increasingly complex environment.

The pandemic increased poverty worldwide. However, the mechanisms affecting its determining factors still need to be clarified. This paper studies this problem using a probabilistic model of poverty extended with pandemic incidence variables and applying logistic regression at the household level. For the case of Ecuador, we use the December rounds of the 2019 and 2020 National Survey for Employment, Underemployment and Unemployment (ENEMDU), the administrative record of the Covid-19 epidemiological report, and the administrative history of deaths. The results show that the pandemic’s impact on poverty was through the gender gap and labor market structure

  This text presents the evolution of the manufacturing economic structure for the municipalities of the Mexican state of Guanajuato, using different methods belonging to evolutionary economic geography literature i) to describe the evolution of specialization in manufacturing industries during the period 2003-2018; ii) to analyze the diversification strategies of the six most important manufacturing municipalities based on the level of economic complexity of the new branches in which they specialized; iii) to identify the opportunities for the future diversification of manufacturing in the six municipalities considering their most recent economic structure. The analysis can be relevant for the design of public policies to contribute to Guanajuato’s economic and industrial development.

Based on the critical mass theory, this article analyzes the effect of political empowerment of women in legislatures and mayoralties of the federal states of Mexico over the Sub-national Human Development Index [SHDI]. Using a balanced panel data composed by 352 observations during the 2010-2020 period, the results show that the critical mass of 30% of women in State legislatures increases health and education sub-indexes. Similarly, the critical mass of 20% of women as majors has a favorable impact on the SHDI and their standard of living and education components. These results highlight that political empowerment of women enhance economic and social development in the context of an emerging country and make a call to legislators in gender issues

This paper analyzes the impact of the automotive sector on the regional development of the Mexican lowlands region of Bajío. The staggered adoption of synthetic control methodology was used, considering the establishment of new automotive assembly plants in the states of the Bajío region between 2007 and 2014. It is estimated that for each new job created in automotive companies, an average of five additional jobs were created in the Bajío states, 78% outside the manufacturing sector. In addition, by promoting more significant economic opportunities, working poverty was reduced by an average of 10.5 percentage points. Finally, evidence was found that, in 2018, high school enrollment increased by 3%.