Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

To promote technological inclusion in the agricultural sector, it is important to have various control systems to optimize processes and production quality. The purpose of this document is to carry out the design and implementation of a soil humidity control under the roof using fuzzy logic through PLC. Methodology: Under a controlled environment, the environmental conditions close to a greenhouse were simulated, where the characterization of the soil moisture sensor was carried out, in addition, a graphical interface was designed through Human Machine Interface - HMI, where monitoring and control of the crop is possible. Communication between controller and development boards for data flow is established. Additionally, a database was created in an embedded web server and a dashboard in order to visualize and store the environmental variable in real time. Results: The characterization of the humidity sensor facilitated the adequate operation of the control based on fuzzy logic. The user interface allowed the manipulation of the system in an easy and didactic way, helping technological adoption. Storage and visualization were possible thanks to the correct choice of the implemented communication protocols. Conclusions: The development of this system in a scale prototype allows it to be implemented in an agricultural environment, and also contributes to the innovation and adaptation of farmers to new technologies.

Objective: To generate a machine learning model that is capable of predicting trends in the reasons that lead to being a street dweller during adolescent and adult ages. Methodology: The model is trained with information of the Census of Street Dwellers - CHC- 2021 of the National Administrative Department of Statistics (DANE), which contains 19.375 records and 22 variables. The population of street dwellers is identified to include children, young people, adults, the elderly, and even families, who, regardless of their age, gender, race, marital status, social or mental condition, or occupation, live there depending on a reason that somehow forces them to stay permanently or for periods of time. Then, different models were applied until the results described below were obtained. Results:  The paper presents an ensemble model of machine learning algorithms based on Gradient Boosting Regressor to predict trends in the reason for street dwelling in relation to the age of street dwellers in Colombia. The results obtained in the model evaluation are promising, providing validity for the model to serve as a basis for government institutions for the formulation, management, and evaluation of policies, plans, and programs of the municipal administration in relation to street dwellers. Conclusions: It can be concluded that the proposed model can serve as a basis to support decision-making by government institutions for public policies, and programs of the municipal and local administration regarding the comprehensive care, rehabilitation, and social inclusion of street dwellers in Colombia.

Objective: Structural feasibility analysis for solar panel support configurations in closed sanitary landfills for better use of these spaces, thus increasing the country's capacity to generate renewable energy in areas where the affectation of ecosystems is low or null. Methodology: Based on the analysis parameters identified as relevant, a bibliographic review was carried out to identify six structural typologies. Based on numerical modeling, an analysis was carried out for structural safety components, affectations due to differential settlements, and costs. Results: The different alternatives of support structures were analyzed based on the parameters proposed in the methodology. Additionally, in the load analysis, it was possible to identify that the critical design load corresponds to the wind load. Based on a comparative study, it is recommended to use the Japanese standard JIS C 8955 for this design type of support structure. Conclusions: The support structure option with lateral bracing elements, articulated supports, and isolated footings is identified as the most recommended for this type of implementation.

Objective: Present the development of Rutia, an ecosystem of technological solutions that include elements of artificial intelligence, and data analytics to manage routes in the transport of passengers in business, tourist and school transport modes, as well as the contracts and other operations involved. Methodology: The technological solution was developed through three (3) phases: Design and adjustment of the Rutia platform, Development and validation of new functionalities and Deployment of the commercial strategy. This work presents the results of its validation in a real environment of the solution with a group of five (5) early adopters, which allowed feedback and validation of the platform's functionalities. Results: The solution allows the optimization and integration with GPS, mobile applications, digitization of information and reports of interest to the sector. Conclusions: In general terms, the platform meets user expectations and has a positive impact on vehicle productivity (average increase of 21%), which is reflected in the decrease in route execution times (12% on average), decrease in route costs (12% on average) and increase in the volume of the operation and user satisfaction.  

Objective: Characterize the effects of work stress on the cognitive functions of hotel workers in the city of Sincelejo, Sucre. Methodology: Of the eighty-nine (89) hotels registered with the Sincelejo Chamber of Commerce, a sample of twenty (20) was selected; Likewise, the study subjects designated as collaborators to be surveyed were a total of fifty-three (53) members of the staff of said hotels with more than 5 years of experience in the area. Once the sample was selected, the survey prepared for the present investigation was applied, with a total of 18 questions. The questionnaire was built using the Likert-type scale, using five (5) response alternatives with their corresponding weighting: Always (A), Almost Always (AA), Sometimes (S), Almost Never (AN) and Never (N). Results: The results show that work stress is Present in the cognitive functions of Concentration and attention, Memory, Errors, Immediate Reactions and Logic and organization, while it is Moderately present in the cognitive function Current evaluation and future project. Conclusions: It was possible to conclude that the presence of work stress in cognitive functions can have negative effects on the quality of working life of workers and, in turn, on their performance within the organization.

Objective: This research evaluates the job search performance of the unemployed during the Covid-19 pandemic in Cartagena - Colombia through multivariate statistical control techniques. Theoretical framework: As a theoretical foundation, topics such as six sigma metrics, multivariate capacity indicators, job search, skills and attitudes in job search were addressed. Results: From the periodic results it can be seen that the sigma level of the job search criteria during the pandemic were in order of importance: I look for opportunities to grow as a person, with an average performance (Y) of 98%, I develop my skills with an average return (Y) of 98%, I am careful to do things well, with an average return (Y) of 98%, I acquire new skills, with an average return (Y) of 98%, I investigate options before making a decision , with an average performance (Y) of 97%. Finally, there is the criterion of observing the different ways of doing things well, with an average performance (Y) of 97%. Conclusion: The comprehensive assessment of 0.74 showed a good performance for job search.

Objective: The objective of this investigation was to elaborate a fermented milk beverage by using whey, testing different compositions and their effect on the determined response variables. Methodology: Two elements or independent variables (whey/milk ratio and amount of pectin) were studied with three levels for each factor in the formulation of the fermented milk drink. A 32 factorial design was used for a total of 9 treatments, that were carried out in triplicate. The response variables analyzed were pH, density and acidity, developing an analysis of variance with a statistical significance level α = 0,05. In addition, the sensory analysis was carried through with 25 untrained people, and the respective analysis of variance was applied with a statistical significance level α = 0,05. Results: It was found that the two study factors affect the response variables acidity and pH, but only the factor amount of pectin influences the response variable density. Moreover, the sensory analysis determined that the treatments used did not present statistically significant differences in the variables studied. Conclusions: whey is a valuable and important coproduct, which can be used in the preparation of a large number of food products, due to its quality and nutritional properties, as well as cape gooseberry, that being a fruit of region gives added value to the final product.

Objective: the objective of this work is to apply detection architecture as a strategy to identify and stage signs of hypertensive retinopathy in digital fundus images. Methodology: the proposed model is based on the CRISP-ML methodology, which is the most widely used method in machine learning projects and consists of six stages. These stages are followed exhaustively, but adaptation is made where necessary. Results: the result obtained in this work show that the proposed system is capable of detecting signs of hypertensive retinopathy in fundus image with an accuracy of 96%. Conclusions: image classification and machine learning techniques are presented as an alternative to support the necessary decision-making in detection of signs of this ocular complication. This is expected to benefit both medical specialist and patients with hypertensive retinopathy.

Objective: Carry out a study on environmental management measures applicable to clay mining in the Department of La Guajira, Colombia. Methodology or method: An explanatory descriptive methodology was used, complemented by a non-experimental design. The population of this study is made up of the Santa Cruz, Pargo Rojo, San Lorenzo and Wajira S.A.S. mines, which are artisan clay producers; For the collection of information, a central instrument was used, consisting of a nominal variable, 2 dimensions and 9 indicators, in addition, technical visits were carried out in the field with detailed observation. To validate and provide reliability to the study, criteria of experts in environmental management were taken into account. Results: The main result was obtained that clay mining affects the environmental components of air, soil, fauna and flora; Therefore, it is necessary to apply management measures within which stand out the irrigation of roads, the efficient use of water and the reforestation processes. Conclusions: The environmental management measures are aimed at compliance with regulations and symbolize the commitment of organizations to sustainable development.

Objective. Design a method for the quantification of active ingredients (API) of antibiotic florfenicol in a veterinary pharmaceutical product granulated by means of implementation of the analytical technique of infrared spectroscopy near. Methodology. The method was developed to quantify the Active Ingredient florfenicol (API) in finished product by the Near Infrared (NIR) Spectroscopy technique. This is fast, non-destructive analytical technique and does not require the use of solvents. In this context, the NIRS methodology implies obtaining a method of prediction that incorporates the API variability of florfenicol in interval (16 g/100g (w/w) – 24 g/100g (w/w), in the finished product. Results. This is achieved by means of chemometric techniques with transformations spectral data and a multivariate Partial Least Squares regression (PLS). in which the correlation coefficient criteria (R), the Calibration Error (SEC) and the Cross Validation Error (SECV) are obtained. Finally, an external validation of the NIR analytical technique is carried out to know the predictive capacity of quantifying API florfenicol (in the finished product, determining the Standard Error of Prediction (SEP) evaluating parameters of specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision and sturdiness. Conclusions. The NIR method designed allows the quantification of API florfenicol in the finished product for application of quality control in a pharmaceutical industry. The designed method can be used as an alternative analytical technique to the traditional HPLC technique.