Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The biological and biochemical properties of the bone tissue represent the sustenance of the mechanical properties of bones. The objectives of this study were to determine the bone mineral density of the femur bone of dogs of differ-ent sizes, ages and sex, to evaluate the mechanical behavior of compression loads in the middle of the diaphysis and to relate the densitology of the bones to their resistance to compression. Femur bones were obtained from 30 adult mongrel dogs between 2 and 14 years old. A transverse osteotomy was performed on the femoral bone in the middle of the shaft from where samples were taken for com-pression test and others for the densitometric analysis. The variables under study were subjected to descriptive and inferential statistical analyzes. The mean values obtained were: bone mineral quantity 1.32 g ± 1.10; bone mineral density 0.60 g/cm2 ± 0.17; force 9.32 KN ± 2.96, deformation 1.11 mm ± 0.49. Femurs from large animals showed significantly greater resistance to compression (p=0.0124) than those from small animals. The femoral bones of male dogs presented greater resistance to compression than those obtained from females (p=0.17). It was de-termined that an increase in the bone mineral density corresponds linearly with an increase in its resistance to the compression test (R2 =0.93, p <0.0001).

For study of placental angiogenesis in productive interest species, it is necessary to have a specific marker of different caliber blood vessels, which allows to apply vascular histomorphometryc. The objective was to develop the immunohistochemical technique for CD31 as marker of blood vessels in placentas of swines at the early gestations, intermediates gestations and term gestations, for histomorphometric studies. The histological sections of 4 μm were stained with differential stains and the other processed by indirect immunohistochemis-try for the determination of the endothelial cell marker protein, CD31. The his-tomorphometric analysis revealed a significant increase in the number of blood vessels in the placenta from day 30 to 60 of gestation and a decrease in the vas-cular area in intermediates gestations (p=0.05). The immunolocalization of CD31 allowed us to delimit with precision smaller vascular areas. We consider that the marking placental microvasculature through the immunolocalization of CD31 is an effective tool for the application of histomorphometric studies.

Demand for minimally processed vegetable products has increased considerably. There is not enough information about the incidence of diseases associated with their consumption, nor about the frequency of pathogenic bacteria in ready to eat vegetable salads. The objective of this study was to detect the presence and quantify microorganisms as pathogenic contamination indicators in minimally processed vegetables, in different places of sale and seasons of the year, in Rio Cuarto city. Sixty samples of salads from different shops and selected according to the product ready for sale presentation were processed: trays packaged with Modified Atmosphere (MAP), trays covered with film and others without any coverage (islets). Total coliforms, fecal coliforms and Escherichia coli were counted using method BAM-FDA, 2002, method I as reference and the Staphylococcus aureus direct plaque count, according to ISO 6888-3-1999 norm. Total coliforms values >3 MPN/g were found in 71.7% of the samples, being the trays packaged in MAP who presented significant differences (p<0.05) with respect to the trays without coverage and 48.8% showed levels >3 MPN/g of fecal coliforms.The values found were higher than those authorized by the Argentine Food Code. Generic Escherichia coli values were greater than 3MPN/g in 9,5% of the samples and no growth of Staphylococcus aureus was observed. These results show the need to implement education strategies directed to producers, manipulators and consumers.

In the present work, a survey of diseases affecting amaranth (Amaran-thus sp) in the south of Córdoba, Argentina was carried out. The diagnosis of the same and the identification of their causal agents were made based on the symp-tomatology, observations with the optical microscope, isolation in culture media and bibliographical consultation. The recognized diseases were: the “white rust” (Albugo bliti (Bvl) Kuntze), the “smallpox of amaranth” caused by Phyllosticta am-aranthi E. et K; the “V stain” produced by Alternaria sp.; the “brown stalk of the stem”, caused by Phomopsis sp.; the “amaranth wilt” produced by Fusarium sp. and the “amaranth smut”, whose causative agent is Tecaphora amaranthicola M. Piepenbr.

Palmar pain in the equine foot is the most common cause of lameness, this may involve the deep digital flexor tendón (DDFT). The pathogenesis of the disease has not been determined yet, but evidence of neovascularization and degenerative processes in the vascular and fibrocartilaginous mathrix have been reported. It is necessary to deepen the study of vascular changes in the DDFT and established the existing relationship between the ultrasound images with the macroscopic and microscopic findings. For this, fore limbs of halfblood saddle horses from slaughter house were used, they were clasificated into two groups, not ridden or exercised animals (group A), and ridden and exercised animals (group B). Samples were taken from DDFT medial lobe tissue and were stored in buffered formalin for their microscopic study. Part of the sections were stained with hematoxylin/eosin for morphohistological analysis of the tissue and the rest was destined for specific marking of vascular endothelials by lectinohistochemistry and the morphometric analysis of the number and area of vessels and vascular density. We found neovascularization processes and vascular degenerative changes, in DDFT of horses subjected to exercise. The specificity of the Ulex europaeus lectin allowed us to locate microvascular endotheliums, especially in injured tendons. An increase in the number of capillaries, the vascular area and the density of the capillary number was determined in equine subjected to exercise. The oxygen deficient microenvironment, generated by the observed vascular alterations, would act as a trigger signal for the angiogenic process, causing a deficient hypervascularization.

In the thrips complex present in soybeans, Caliothrips phaseoli is the predominant species in the south-central province of Córdoba. This tysanopter develops part of its cycle affecting the leaflets and impacting the crop yield. The objective of this study was to determine the control efficacy on C. phaseoli of insecticides used on soybeans in the center-south of Córdoba. The trials were conducted in Melo (2019/20) and Almafuerte (2020/21), under a randomized complete block design with three replications. The treatments were: T1-Bifenthrin (25%) 150cc / ha, T2-Chlorantraniliprole (20%) 30cc / ha, T3-Chlorpyrifos (48%) 800cc / ha, T4-Methoxyphenozide (30%) + Spinetoram (6%) 120cc / ha and T5-Control without insecticide, making a single application in R3. The initial population of thrips larvae was evaluated and then at 1, 7 and 14 days after application (DDA), the control efficacy was also determined through Abbot and the final yield. The insecticides tested decreased the abundance of C. phaseoli in relation to the control, for both locations and times of evaluation, with the exception of Chlorantraniliprole, which showed no control over thrips, highlighting on the other hand the performance of Spinoteram + Methoxyphenocide, with an efficacy superior and consistent up to 14 DAA. The performance of the insecticide treatments, in both trials, was significantly higher than the control, with the exception of Chlorantraniliprole. The results of this work contribute to the adequate choice of insecticides by the professionals involved in the sanitary management of soybeans in the south-central part of Córdoba.

This work corresponds to an exploratory research carried out in 2020 on the resolution of problems related to the management of different agricultural family businesses in productive areas, size of activities and magnitude of the invested family assets. Its objective was to expand the information obtained in other investigations to guide academic and scientific actions in rural administration. It analyzes the situation of thirty-eight companies in relation to recommendations on: work organization, company administration, priority given to problems that affect both business and family life, definition of objectives and measurement indicators, remuneration and retirement policies, inheritance and administration, availability of information systems to support management, family meetings and the legal form; and regarding the findings of diagnostic investigations carried out in 2019 and 2008 in other family businesses using the same methodology. The results show that in these organizations, independent of productive areas, scales and magnitudes of the invested assets, as in previous research, there is little inclusion of recommendations given to overcome management problems that affect both the company and the living conditions of the people involved.

Maternal nutrition conditions placental development and the correct maternal-fetal nutritional exchange, directly affecting birth weight. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of nutritional restriction during pregnancy on placental efficiency in goats, placental weight, weight and sex of the kids. 10 Anglo-Nubian goats were used in the Department of Animal Nutrition of the National University of Río Cuarto, which were artificially synchronized and served by natural riding. After checking their pregnancy, they were separated into a control group (C) (n=5) and a group nutritionally restricted from the second third of gestation (R) (n=5). The placentas obtained after calving were collected and weighed, at that time the weighing and sexing of the goats was also carried out. The statistical analysis of placental efficiency did not reveal statistically significant differences between group C and R (p=0.2935), although it was possible to observe a tendency to higher placental efficiency in group R, coinciding with smaller placentas and lower weight of the kids. No association was observed between placental efficiency and the sex of the kids (p=0.7127). The increase in placental efficiency could be explained by changes in the cellular and vascular histoarchitecture, to compensate for the transport of nutrients through the placenta. This study shows a trend towards greater placental efficiency in goats subjected to an energy-related nutritional restriction during gestation due to the decrease in the birth weight of the kids and the placental weight.

Tick-borne agents are an emergent problem which can cause severe diseases and/or sub-clinic infections in dogs. Ticks play an important role as reservoir of these microorganisms which can infect other dogs and even humans. Canine monocytic ehrlichiosis is one of the most frequent tick-borne diseases. It is transmitted to the dog through an infected tick (Rhipicephalus sanguineus) bite, and its spreads through the blood and the lymphatic system to liver, spleen and lymph nodes. This disease has been diagnosed in dogs from different areas of the country; however there are not records about its molecular diagnosis in Córdoba province. The aim of this work was to determine the presence of Ehrlichia canis in dogs with symptoms compatible with this infection; for this purpose, PCR were performed on dog’s blood from the city of Río Cuarto and the towns of Alta Gracia and Adelia María, where 8 positive cases were found.