Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Objective: The present study was conducted to evaluate the productive performance and egg physical characteristics of two backyard-type breeds of birds. Design/methodology/approach: Tufted Creole Hens (TCH; 13 hens and a rooster) and Marans (13 hens and a rooster), were used in this study. Live body weight, feed intake, egg production, egg weight, egg length and egg width were measured weekly during eight weeks. Collected data were analyzed using a two-way analysis of variance, the main factors were breed, week and their interaction. Results: Marans hens were heavier and had higher feed intake than the TCH (P<0.05). The egg of the TCH was smaller (P <0.05) in weight and length with respect to that of Marans hens. TCH produced more eggs than the Marans hens (P <0.05). The week factor was significant (P <0.05) for body weight, feed intake and egg length. Limitations on study/implications: Further studies should be carried out to design a feeding program that would allow both breeds to express their full productive potential and maximize the return on investment in backyard production systems in Mexico. Findings/conclusions: Marans hens are a heavier breed due to their greater live body weight and feed intake with respect to TCH. The TCH are lighter birds but with a higher egg production when compared to the Marans.

Objective. The different reproductive phenological phases are described from the formation of flower buds, flowering, fruiting to the formation of the mature fruit and foliation of 21 Couepia polyandra trees and the correlation of the allometric data of the height of the tree, the diameter to the height of the chest (DAP) and crown diameter, as well as the correlation of precipitation with reproductive phenology data. Methodology. The description of the reproductive phenology (foliage, formation of flower buds, flowers, fruits) was made by monthly direct observation with the help of a photographic camera (Canon SX60HS, 65), the correlation between precipitation, allometry and types of soils where trees grow by recording data for each tree and measurements of height, diameter at chest height (dbh) and foliage were taken. Results. The tallest tree was found to be 21.0 m; the highest dap found was 68 cm and the diameter of the main crown was 34.45 m. with general averages of 10.38 m, 33.17 cm and 9.37 m respectively. A significant correlation was found between Height and DBH (r = 0.91, p <0.05), the correlations for the Height-Cup and DBH-Cup variables were not significant (p> 0.05). Conclusions. The presence of the water factor is responsible for the formation of inflorescence and fruit, pointing out that these events, as well as their relationship with precipitation, are dependent variables, where it presented a positive average relationship with the production of flowers on the tree.

Objective: To evaluate the mycelial growth and biomass production of F. luteovirens in different media of culture and pH values. Design/methodology/approximation: The investigation was carried out in two stages, in the first one the quantification of biomass production and growth rate in five general culture media was quantified. In the second, three of the five media were chosen by adjusting the pH to 4, 5 and 6, to increase the biomass and growth rate presented in the first stage. Results: pH is an influential factor in the availability of nutrients for the mushrooms, reflected in the increase or inhibition of mycelial growth and biomass production. During the first stage, the Coconut Agar and Malt Extract Agar were the most favorable means for mycelial development, while the Corn Agar was the least favorable. When the pH was modified, the Malt Extract Agar with pH 4 was the most efficient medium in terms of growth rate while the Coconut Agar had the highest biomass production at the different pH. Limitations and implications: Growth in vitro culture is slow in relation to another fungal species. Findings/conclusions: The cultivation of Floccularia luteovirens represents an alternative for obtaining food of high nutritional value, safeguarding germplasm and increase and diversification of cultivated species; this due to the edible use, high nutritional content and medicinal properties.

Abstract Objective: The objective of this study was the identification and description of a lepidopterous species that damages amaranth grains stored in Morelos, Mexico. Design/methodology/approach: During six months, we collected commercial amaranth bars with larvae, the insects were fed with amaranth grains in laboratory conditions to obtain genitalia and we took photographs in confocal laser scanning microscopy. We also took photographs in environmental scanning electron microscopy of the abdominal end of the adults, as well as of the eggs and the first stage larvae. Results: We present the first report of the appearance of the flour moth Plodia interpunctella in stored amaranth grains in Mexico. This is the first known record of damage to amaranth grains by this pest in the world. Limitations on study/implications: In the amaranth-producing region of Morelos, Mexico, there is no information on stored amaranth grain pests; this highlights the need of delving in the study of its reproductive biology and ecology upon this new host.   Findings/conclusions: The identification of Plodia interpunctella in amaranth grains will allow the development of a management strategy to prevent the spread of this new pest in the amaranth-producing region.

Objective: To analyze the effect of three native strains of Bacillus spp. of roselle on the germination and plant growth of tecoanapa plants under greenhouse conditions under the Bio-priming method. Design/methodology/approach: The identity of the Bacillus strains was corroborated by the PCR technique, with the universal primers 27F and 1492R for amplification of the 16S rDNA gene. The roselle seeds were treated with bacterial cells of Bacillus spp. by the Biopriming method, evaluating the effect on the germination and growth of the plants. The variables evaluated were: percentage of germination, plant height, root length, dry matter in plants and root. Results: B. velezensis (T1), B. amyloliquefaciens (T2) and B. subtilis (T3) were molecularly identified.  The three treatments promote an increase in the percentage of germination, in the length of root and height of the plant, in the same way, an increase in the weight of the dry matter in plants and root was registered, with a significant difference between the treatments 1, 2, 3 and the control. Limitations / implications: Bacillus sp. strains need to reach commercial production for field applications. Findings/ conclusions: B. velezensis is the species which showed the highest percentage of germination and growth promoting effect, followed by B. amyloliquefaciens and B. subtilis respectively.

Objective: Tourism activity has become the main engine of economic, social and environmental development in many countries, so promoting tourism awareness among tourists and the local population should be a priority for governments and include it as a development strategy. The objective of this research is to present a state of research carried out around the topic of tourism awareness. Design/methodology/approach: The type of analysis is by means of a retrospective bibliometric study and of an exploratory nature. The analysis materials were 12 scientific articles and a training manual published between 2000 and 2020 since they were the only ones found in the Scopus, Emerald insight and Dialnet search engines, using the keyword “tourist awareness”. Results: When considering the three senses in which the tourist consciousness must operate, it is concluded that the investigations are more focused on the relationship and contact of the receiving community with the tourist. It is observed that, of six articles with this sense, four consider that education, training and government policies regarding tourism awareness must be better developed in destinations so that this is an element that contributes to the development of communities and decrease poverty in developing countries. Limitations on study/implications: It is considered a limitation not to include thesis works, however, there is important applied research. Findings/conclusions: It is necessary to make visible the importance of tourism awareness as a strategy for local development in communities, in addition to including tourism awareness by tourists.

Objective: To identify wild edible mushrooms with medicinal use in the State of Mexico. Design/methodology/approximation: From the bibliographic review of local ethnomicological inventories, visits to weekly markets, semi-structured interviews to mushrooms sellers, and the collection and their taxonomic determination; information was obtained on aspects of nomenclature, local knowledge and cultural importance of mushrooms with medicinal use in the state of Mexico. Results: A list of 36 species of wild edible mushrooms with medicinal use was obtained, which are used in 11 categories, mainly in diseases of digestive and circulatory systems. Limitations/implications: This is a descriptive and exploratory investigation of edible mushrooms with medicinal use; therefore, it is necessary to incorporate more empirical and scientific evidence provided by other similar cases.Findings/conclusions: Limited knowledge of fungal species with medicinal use is presented, which implies that it is an underutilized resource by its inhabitants. Lycoperdon perlatum and Lactarius indigo were mentioned with the greatest number of medicinal uses.

Objective: To evaluate the effect of the inclusion of lime and dolomite soil amendments in an established pasture of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) cv. Tetragrain associated with white clover (Trifolium repens) cv. Ladino and red clover (Trifolium pratense) cv. Kendall. Methodology: Three treatments of soil amendments were implemented on a perennial ryegrass with white and red clover pasture A split plot experimental design was used. The treatments were: T1= control treatment (without soil amendment), T2= lime and T3= dolomite. The evaluated variables were: herbage mass (HM), dry matter (DM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), crude protein (CP), in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) and estimated metabolizable energy (eME). Results: There were significant differences in all evaluated variables, the interaction between experimental periods and treatments was not significant for any variable. The treatments did not affect herbage mass. As for the the soil, a decrease in pH is observed at the end of the experiment, and there was an increase in the total soluble calcium, magnesium and nitrogen and a decrease in aluminum. Implications: This study illustrates the use of soil amendments, which somehow modulate effects of the farmer practices on the pasture soils. Conclusions: Inclusion of soil amendments in pastures did not increase dry matter production, content of FDN, FDA or IVDMD, but increased crude protein and evaluated minerals, and decreases aluminum.

Objective: determine the bioproductive systems in Xaltepuxtla, Puebla, Mexico, and identify limitations and potential to influence detonating change projects that favor biodiversity, productive capacity and family economy. Design/methodology/approach: based on the construction of a Geographic Information System, the biophysical information and the participatory workshop were analyzed, corroborating with field trips in the different bioproductive units. This methodology corresponds to the first phase for the proposal of the Community Territorial Planning. Results: 49% of the surface under study is dedicated to the production of ornamentals, 22% of the surface for the restoration of BMM and 8% has potential for agroforestry technology: enrichment of acahuales. 35 bioproductive systems were identified. The system with the largest area is the one for reforestation with 8 hectares, followed by the secondary Mesophilic Mountain Forest located in a volcanic apparatus with 7.5 hectares and the Mixed Ornamental System on steep slopes with 5.5 hectares. Limitations / implications:  the delimitation of bioproductive units based on the mapping of geoforms, land use and vegetation and climate are key to the regionalization of the territory and the generation of proposals for productive reconversion at the farm level. Findings / conclusions: it is vitally important to locate bioproductive systems within a territory to achieve the process of land use planning in relation to natural resources, their population and productive activity in order to achieve productive balance and conservation in the medium and long term

Objective: To give an overview of the current situation of Mexican genuine cheeses (MGCs), their characteristics and their production processing conditions (milk origin, coagulation agent, type of ripening and maturation). Methodology: Information on about twenty MGCs available in scientific articles, databases, and Internet pages was collected, analyzed, and classified. Results: The main classification of MGCs is made with respect to their moisture content (soft or fresh, semi-soft or semi-hard, and hard). Most MGCs are not matured, thus limiting their shelf life and large-scale commercialization. Matured MGCs use their own microbiota, developing characteristic textures and flavors. Limitations: There is little research on the MGC manufacturing processes and their impact on the physical and sensory properties of the final product. Furthermore, no MGC has a designation of origin, which is a disadvantage on the global market. Conclusions: Most MGCs are produced manually and only few of them are produced on a (semi)industrial scale. Standardizing their production would allow their producers to make improvements and innovations on MGCs and increase their shelf life.