Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Background. Beef cattle breeds need to be evaluated in pasture production systems. Objective. This study aimed to evaluate the performance, morphology and carcass characteristics of Sindhi bulls on pasture. Methodology. Twenty Sindhi bulls belonging to eight different herds of the state of Rio Grande do Norte were evaluated on an official weight gain test conducted by the Brazilian Association of Zebu Breeders (ABCZ). The experiment lasted for 294 days, including an adaptation period of 70 days. The animals were managed under a rotational grazing system, with periods of occupation of 20 days. Records of body weight and scrotal circumference measurements were taken every 56 days. Carcass evaluation and visual assessment were performed at the last weighing. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis, simple linear correlation and means test. Results. The final body weight, average daily gain and scrotal circumference gain reached 304.60 kg, 0.482 kg/day and 10.29 cm, respectively. The loin eye area and intramuscular fat averaged 52.36 cm² and 1.25%, respectively. Significant and positive correlations between carcass ultrasound parameters were observed. Moreover, a positive and significant correlation between loin eye area and visual assessment was reported. There was no effect (P>0.05) of initial body weight on carcass characteristics, performance and visual assessment. Implications. Sindhi breed cattle are efficient in producing meat when fed exclusively with pasture, but need more genetic work that focuses on the deposition of adipose tissue in more valued regions of the carcass. Conclusions. The pasture-based gain performance test demonstrates the hardiness of the Sindhi breed, and the carcass evaluation validates the breed's aptitude for meat production and their precocity in depositing muscles.

Background. One of the problems in Mexico about the use and quantification of pesticides, is that there is a lack of efficient regulation and monitoring because there is no detailed information on its use, so this work analyzes the use of pesticides in Mexico. Objective. To know the current situation of the use of chemical pesticides used in Mexico. Methodology. A search and systematic review of scientific publications related to pesticides in Mexico during the last 20 years in indexed or arbitrated journals. Results. The analysis of these investigations indicates that in Mexico in 2018> 61,000 tons of pesticides were imported, although in 2017 the production was greater than 106 thousand tons. One of the problems in Mexico, as in other countries, is that there is a lack of efficient regulation and monitoring of the use of pesticides. During the last two decades the total consumption of pesticides in Mexico increased between 57-65%, the data from the available sources of their consumption show differences of the annual average of 27%, equivalent to 14,000 t per year, greater than the consumed in 2016 by countries such as Uruguay, Greece, Portugal, the Netherlands and Honduras. Implications. In order to reduce this problem, it is proposed to implement a "national logbook for the registration and use of pesticides" that includes the type of pesticide used, brand, active ingredient, applied dose (Kg / ha) and frequency of application. Conclusions. The obvious inconsistency of thousands of tons between national and international statistics is due to an inadequate quantification of pesticide use, a characteristic that occurs not only in Mexico. This situation is a serious global threat with environmental, economic and social implications, since the potential ecological damage is underestimated. Knowing the actual amount of pesticides used and will allow promoting real strategies aimed at reducing their use.

Antecedentes: El género Moringa está constituido por trece especies y se caracteriza por su rápido crecimiento. Los estudios que relacionan al género en la asociación con bacterias promotoras del crecimiento (PGPB) son limitados. Objetivo: Evaluar el crecimiento, desarrollo y calidad de plántulas de Moringa oleifera Lam inoculadas con bacterias promotoras del crecimiento en condiciones de invernadero. Metodología: Se definieron como tratamientos: Bacillus niacini; B. cereus, Moraxela osloensis, Azospirillum brasiliense (control positivo) y un control absoluto, los cuales fueron dispuestos en un diseño completamente aleatorio con cuatro repeticiones. Resultados: Los inóculos bacterianos promovieron el incremento del número de hojas por planta, destacándose A. brasiliense (10.8), M. osloensis (11.45) y B. cereus (11.05) (P≤0.001). Las plantas inoculadas con B. cereus produjeron 0.80 t MS ha-1 de hojas y en planta íntegra 12.92 t MS ha-1, valor superior al promovido por el resto de los inóculos (P≤0.01), todos estimularon el desarrollo foliar respecto al control absoluto (P≤0.001), y solo A. brasiliense y B. niacini favorecieron la longitud y el grosor (P≤0.01) de las raíces. Implicaciones: Se recomienda la aplicación de los inóculos bacterianos a los que se hace referencia en concentraciones de 107 UFC mL-1 para promover la producción de biomasa aérea de plantas de Moringa en condiciones de invernadero. Conclusión: Los inóculos bacterianos promovieron modificaciones morfológicas en las plantas que favorecieron el crecimiento, la cantidad de hojas y la proporción de biomasa aérea respecto a la raíz, pero en poca medida en la acumulación de MS. De acuerdo con el índice de Dickson las plantas inoculadas fueron de calidad.

Background. Mezquite gum (Prosopis laevigata [Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.]) is similar to the gum Arabic; its production is associated to the stress condition of the tree. Objective. To induce and evaluate the gum production and quality. Methodology. A completely randomized design with factorial arrangement was used, factor one was seasons (spring and autumn), factor two was tree heights (2.0 and 3.0 m) and factor three was the application of two products, acid 2 -chloroethyl- phosphone (Etherel 240®) + distilled water and a control (distilled water). Results.  The gum was produced only in primary branches between 10 and 15 days after applying 2-chloroethyl phosphonic acid + distilled water. Gum production was higher in autumn in 3.0 m trees, with an average of 57 g per tree. A yield of 10.8 kg ha-1 of gum with a density of 190 trees ha-1 was estimated. The content of ash and protein in gum was higher in trees of 2.0 m in autumn, while the content of fiber and nitrogen-free extract in gum was higher in trees of 3.0 m in autumn. The moisture and fat content in gum was higher in spring in trees of 2.0 and 3.0 m, respectively. The pH of the gum was less acid in 3.0 m trees in spring with a lower content of impurities. Implications. It is suggested to carry out other tests to determine the presence of acid 2-chloroethyl-phosphonic in the chemical composition of the gum. Conclusion. The application of acid 2-chloroethyl-phosphonic (20%) + distilled water stimulated gum secretion in mesquite trees. Trees treated with distilled water (control) did not produce gum.

Introducción: el cáncer de mama es una enfermedad sistémica, multifactorial, polimorfa caracterizada por la proliferación maligna, acelerada y desordenada de las células de los tejidos de la glándula mamaria. Objetivo: determinar la relación de variables epidemiológicas, clínico-patológicas y de tratamiento con la mortalidad a los cinco años de diagnosticadas las pacientes con cáncer de mama en la provincia de Ciego de Ávila.Método: se realizó un estudio observacional, analítico longitudinal retrospectivo de casos y controles. Se revisaron las bases de datos de la consulta de patología de mama, del Hospital Provincial Docente “Antonio Luaces Iraola”; analizándose todas las pacientes que acudieron a esta, desde octubre de 2014 hasta diciembre de 2016, se trabajó con las 318 pacientes que conformaron el universo. Se emplearon medidas de resumen para datos cualitativos y cuantitativos y se evaluó mediante pruebas estadísticas si dos variables categóricas son independientes entre sí o están relacionadas estadísticamente. Resultados: en el estudio (caso vs control), la media de edad (68,1 % vs 55,4 %; p=0,000), la dimensión de la lesión (2,8 % vs 2,0 %; p=0,001), el estadio a partir del IIb (p=0,001), la infiltración ganglionar (52,9 % vs 37,9 %; p=0,035) y las recaídas (54,3 % vs 5,2 %; p=0,000) fueron significativamente mayor en el grupo caso. La localización, el tipo histológico y el tratamiento clínico-quirúrgico, no mostraron diferencias significativas entre los grupos.Conclusiones: la edad, la dimensión de la lesión, el estadio, la infiltración ganglionar y las recaídas, estuvieron relacionados con la mortalidad temprana de estas pacientes.

Introduction: atrial fibrillation is a supraventricular tachycardia characterized by disorganized, uncoordinated atrial activation, with negative consequences on atrial mechanical function.Objective: to determine the relationship between structural remodeling and the high risk of recurrence of atrial fibrillation.Method: a cross-sectional analytical observational study was carried out at the “Vladimir Ilich Lenin” General Teaching Hospital during 2018. The universe consisted of the 200 patients with atrial fibrillation who attended the consultation, working with allResults: The predominance of male patients (54,50 %), and of the age group over 54 years (75 %) was found. All predictive factors are increased in patients with high risk of recurrence, especially in those with a history of cerebrovascular disease (62,5 %). The patients with moderate recurrence irrigation presented as the main remodeling factor, the dilated left atrium (37,5 %); while patients with acquired mitral valve disease (42,30 %) and decreased left ventricular ejection fraction (53,57 %) presented a high risk of recurrence. A statistically significant association (p <0,05) was found between the predictors of structural remodeling and the risk of high recurrence.Conclusions: in patients with arterial fibrillation, over 55 years of age, with coronary artery disease, high blood pressure levels and a history of cerebrovascular disease there was a high risk of recurrence. Structural remodeling is related to a high risk of recurrence.

Introduction: the identification of vulnerable population groups through active surveys is aimed at preventing contagion through different measures or interventions.Objective: to characterize vulnerable older adults to Covid-19 with a personal pathological history of cardiovascular diseases.Method: an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted at No-3 Family Doctor’s Office belonging to Manuel Piti Fajardo Rivero University Polyclinic in Las Tunas province, including the period defined between March and July 2020. The target group included 90 old people from 65 years or older having a personal pathological history of cardiovascular disease, working with all of them.Results: it was found a predominance of female sex (70 %) and the age group from 65 to 70 (35,6 %). According to personal medical history, 100 % of older adults were hypertensive, and 70 % suffered from cardiovascular diseases other than hypertension; 85,7 % of the patients maintained a standard therapeutic adherence to the treatments for the underlying diseases; 60 % of the patients were compensated during the period studied.Conclusions: the vulnerable older adults having a history of cardiovascular diseases were mainly female. Hypertension was shown as the main cardiovascular antecedent. Standard therapeutic adherence and stable underlying diseases were common in these patients.

Introduction: cardiovascular diseases are the first cause of death in Cuba; as a result, the identification of cardiovascular risks from early ages allows the implementation of health promotion and prevention strategies to reduce their impact in the futureObjective: to identify the cardiovascular risk in medical students in Puerto Padre Municipality, Las Tunas province.Methods: an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted. The target group included 545 medical students, 237 of whom were selected by means of a simple random sample. The body mass index and waist-hip ratio were studied. Descriptive statistics was applied.Results: the predominant age group was 18-21 years old (50,2 %). The 51,47 % of the students presented a high waist-hip ratio, 54,02 % a high abdominal circumference, 52,74 % a high body mass index, and in all groups 35,44 % presented blood pressure figures lower than 120/80 mmHg; 39 % had a cardiovascular risk.Conclusions: low percentages of cardiovascular risk were identified in medical students from Puerto Padre Municipality, Las Tunas province, determined by high values of waist-hip index, body mass index and abdominal circumference.