Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Introduction: traumatic injuries are the leading cause of death in young people, ages under 45, and brain injuries have a high incidence of death in more than half of those suffering from these injuries.Objective: to characterize patients with severe cranioencephalic trauma in the Intensive Care Unit at Arnaldo Milián Castro General Teaching Hospital during the year 2018.Methods: an observational, descriptive and retrospective study was conducted in 38 patients with the diagnosis of severe head trauma from January 1, 2018 to January 1, 2019. Medical records were reviewed; variables such as age, cause of trauma, type of injury, complications and hospital staying were collected. Results: male patients predominated (92.11%), ages between 36 and 64 years (50%); 50% of traumas were due to traffic accidents. Subdural hematoma represented 52.63 % of lesions and pneumonia the most common complication (65.79 %). Patients admitted for more than 9 days predominated (44.74%); 73.68 % of patients were admitted alive; 65.79 % of patients underwent surgery. Severe cerebral edema was found among the causes of death (70%).Conclusions: male patients after the third decade of life are prone to severe cranioencephalic trauma. Intervention on primary lesions avoids complications, where ventilation and prolonged hospital staying can trigger sepsis and act as factors affecting survival.

Introduction: while the history of medicine enjoys great feats and discoveries, there were also chaotic moments in which it became a victim and resource for the application of inappropriate methods and with no scientific basis.Objective: to assess the historical significance of pseudoscientific practices in medicine and their reach in today society.Method: materials from different bibliographic sources related to the branches of knowledge such as Sociology History, Public Health, Psychology and Medicine available in specialized journals and on Internet were compiled; they were processed through empirical methods such as observation-description, and theoretical as analysis-synthesis and historical-logical.Conclusions: there have been many pseudoscientific practices that in certain historical and social contexts found the conditions for development and dissemination, causing disastrous effects for medical practice, deceptively influencing people's health, undermining the scientific method and hindering progress of medical sciences. The strict adherence of medicine to the scientific method and the search for truth in evidence is significant to its practice for the noble benefit of humanity.

Introducción: conocer las concentraciones séricas de glutatión reducido y malonildialdehído contribuyen a evaluar el nivel de daño celular en la insuficiencia renal crónica asociada a hipertensión arterial y así diferenciar su seguimiento, facilitando la elección de conductas específicas que determinen mejores resultados en su evolución.Objetivo: determinar las concentraciones séricas de glutatión reducido y malonildialdehído, como indicadores de estrés oxidativo, en la insuficiencia renal crónica asociada a hipertensión arterial.Método: Se realizó un estudio observacional analítico de tipo casos y controles, en el período comprendido entre septiembre 2016 y marzo 2017 en pacientes con insuficiencia renal crónica que acudieron al Hospital “Arnaldo Milián Castro” entre diciembre 2012 y noviembre 2014 (N=177); el grupo casos quedó conformado por pacientes  diagnosticados con insuficiencia renal crónica asociada a hipertensión arterial que tenían entre 20 y 65 años de edad (n=50) y el grupo control  quedó conformado  por  50  individuos supuestamente sanos de las edades antes dichas provenientes de un pesquizaje de hipertensión arterial, seleccionados al azar a través de un muestreo aleatorio simple.Resultados: el glutatión reducido mostró una disminución significativa (p=0,031) en el grupo casos con respecto al control, mientras que el malonildialdehído presentó un aumento muy significativo (p=0,000) en el grupo de enfermos.Conclusiones: existió un incremento del daño a biomoléculas y una disminución de uno de los principales barredores antioxidantes: el glutatión reducido, lo cual origina un aumento en la susceptibilidad a la peroxidación lipídica en las enfermedades estudiadas.

Introduction: chronic non-contagious diseases represent a growing pandemic, among them diabetes mellitus.Objective: to characterize the patients with type II diabetes mellitus who were treated at Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso General Teaching Hospital during 2016.Method: an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study of diabetic patients admitted Internal Medicine Service at Dr. Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso General Teaching Hospital during 2016. The target group comprised 216 patients, and the sample included 81 of them. Data were processed applying descriptive statistics.Results: the age group from 50 to 59 (30,9 %) predominated, and female sex (51,90 %). Hyperglycemia was frequent (88,89 %), inadequate diet (86,42 %) and sedentary lifestyles (80,25 %), were reported as the main predisposing factors. The 35,8 % of the patients presented an evolution between 16-20 years and 49,4 % developed three complications.  It was found that cardiovascular (39,78 %), as well as ophthalmological complications (17,20 %) predominated in the series studied; 25,68 % of the patients presenting cardiovascular complications developed hypertension and 24,32 % arterial insufficiency.Conclusions: adults after the fourth decade of life were prone to develop type II diabetes mellitus, mainly female gender; where eating habits and poor lifestyles favored its onset. The natural history of the disease determine the incidence of complications, affecting mainly cardiovascular system, which is conducive to the development of high blood pressure.

Introduction: cancer is among the diseases having the greatest mortality rates and the cause of many disabilities worldwide. The practice of exercise is developed as an adjuvant therapy along with the cancer treatment to reduce mortality and disability in the different types of cancer.Objective: to identify the effects of strength training on cancer patients.Methods: a complete review of the medical literature was conducted until December 2018, scientific articles published in indexed bases from 2015 to 2018. The studies included were in population over 18 years old with cancer diagnosis regardless of sociodemographic characteristics, type or stage of cancer. The data extracted were on the population, intervention and control groups, type of cancer, period, frequency of intervention and results.Results: during the first search 36071 titles of clinical study were found in specialized journals. 10 experimental studies were chosen. Multiple positive effects were found, as well as components that should be taken into account when performing strength training on cancer patients or cancer survivors.Conclusions: strength training in patients with cancer or survivors of this disease, helps them to improve their symptoms as well as their quality of life, strength, improved mobility and pain, among others. Also, strength training is beneficial to patients without causing adverse effects or long-term complications.

Introduction: obstetric complications refer to problems during pregnancy or delivery, which have long-term consequences for both mother and child.Objective: to determine the factors associated with obstetric complications in primigravid women at the Amazonian hospital in Yarinacocha, Pucallpa, Peru during 2018.Methods: an observational, analytical and cross-sectional study was conducted in the obstetrics and gynecology service at Amazonian Hospital in Yarinacocha, Pucallpa, Peru during 2018. The chi-square test was used to determine the association between variables, and it was determined whether p<0.05 was associated.Results: legally of age patients represented 73,71 %, 78,87 % showed as marital status living together or single, 57,22 % came from rural areas. There was an association (p<0,05) between being an underage, single or living together, and coming from a rural area with the development of obstetric complications. The 58,25 % of the patients had primary/secondary studies; 55,67 % of them had an occupation; 80,41 % of the patients reported an insufficient number of controls. An association was found between the number of controls and the incidence of complications (p=0,001).Conclusions: being underage, single or living together, as well as coming from a rural area were associated with the incidence of complications in primigravid women; as well as the educational level and the number of insufficient controls.

Introduction: dentigerous or follicular cyst develops by accumulation of fluid between the crown of the tooth and the cells of the epithelium of the enamel organ, that is to say, it originates in the epithelium of the dental follicle. It surrounds the dental crown of a normal or supernumerary tooth and put a stop to its eruption, which is related to retained teeth. It represents 17 % of odontogenic cysts.     Case report: 15 year old male, white race patient, who started to notice secretions coming out through a solution of continuity in the alveolar ridge mucosa in the left maxillary tuberosity region. He also presented swelling of the hemicara and pain, and was treated at primary care with penicillin, cephalexin and metronidazole without clinical improvement. Imaging studies were indicated, making the diagnosis of a dentigerous cyst associated with the third molar retained in the left maxillary sinus. Microbial therapy was indicated, performing the surgery with a sinus approach by Caldwell Luc.Conclusions: imaging and pathological diagnosis allowed a timely identification, ruling out lesions of greater impact on health, especially in less frequent locations. Surgical treatment permitted the removal of the cyst, improving the health status and symptoms of the patient.