Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Introduction: On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 a pandemic. Lung cancer patients are more susceptible to coronavirus infection, due to the state of immunosuppression caused by both cancer and treatments, such as chemotherapy or surgery.Objective: to characterize the therapeutic management of patients with lung cancer during the COVID-19 pandemicMethod: a search for information was performed by combining terms in the PubMed, SciELO, LILACS, Cochrane Library and Web of Science databases; selecting 30 of these.Development: the successful management of lung cancer requires frequent visits to the hospital and admission for research, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, among others. Over the course of many weeks, this added to the immunosuppression and the poor functional and structural condition of the lungs, poses a great risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. The treatment of lung cancer presents variations in the case of COVID-19 infection, limiting itself in some of the therapeutic options such as surgery and adjuvant therapy, which in some cases must be postponed.Conclusions: cancer patients may be more susceptible to infection. Treatment of lung neoplasia should be carried out with a series of adjustments according to the status of the local epidemic to reduce the risk of tumor progression and COVID-19 infection.

Introduction: traumatic brain injury is one of the major public health problems in contemporary society.Objective: to characterize patients treated with head trauma at Dr. Carlos Juan Finlay Central Military Hospital.Methods: an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted. The target group consisted of 115 patients with a diagnosis of cranioencephalic trauma; the whole target group was included in the study. Demographic variables were analyzed; type of lesion, initial evaluation according to the Glasgow coma scale, mortality, surgical procedures and complications. A descriptive analysis was performed using absolute and relative percentage frequencies for the qualitative variables, and for the quantitative variables, the arithmetic mean and standard deviation were established.Results: the most representative ages were between 19 and 33 (28 %), with mild trauma predominating (72 %). The mortality rate ranged 14 %; the most frequent lesions were cerebral contusion and chronic subdural hematoma (22 %). The most frequent procedures were trepanation and evacuation (46 %). Respiratory infections predominated as a complication (36 %).Conclusion: young-aged patients and in early third age prevailed. A low mortality rate was obtained. Nearly half of the patients underwent surgery, where trepanation and evacuation were the surgical procedures most applied, as seen in relation to the removal of chronic subdural hematomas. More than half of those studied were free of complications.

Introduction: atherosclerosis is characterized by thickening and loss of elasticity of the arterial wall. This results in complications such as physical, hemodynamic, biochemical, metabolic, humoral, inflammatory and coagulation disorders.  Objective: to characterize adolescents with risk factors for atherosclerosis at Jesus Menendez Larrondo Urban Pre-university from September to December 2019.Method: an observational, descriptive, longitudinal and retrospective study was conducted with a target group of 71 patients with risk factors for atherosclerosis, 60 patients comprised the sample, chosen by simple random sampling. The variables studied were: age, sex, risk factors for atherosclerosis, family history of atherosclerotic disease and associated risk factors.Results: male sex predominated (58,33 %), and ages between 14 and 16 years (56,67 %). Seventy percent (70 %) of patients presented family history of atherosclerotic disease, 68,3 % obesity and 58,3 % practiced sedentary lifestyle. Fifty percent (50 %) of patients presented only one risk factor; 5 % of them presented three or more risk factors.Conclusions: adolescents with risk factors for atherosclerosis were predominantly male and in ages from 14 to 16; most of them were obese and a family pathologic history of atherosclerotic disease with only one risk factor. 

Introduction: the electrocardiographic study of cardiovascular diseases is part of the medical science syllabuses; and in many occasions it is difficult for students to understand it.Objective: to prepare a multimedia on clinical electrocardiography for medical science students.Method: a study based on technological innovation was carried out in the academic course 2017-2018, at Santiago de Cuba University of Medical Sciences. Different application software was used for multimedia development; as well as theoretical and empirical methods. A survey was applied to assess the quality and applicability to 120 third-year students and 30 professors.Results: 83,87 % of students were female; where the 60 % of professors were male, 46,67 % had between 6 and 10 years of experience as professors and 50 % hold the Master of Science degree. More than the 63 % of students and professors considered as good all the dimensions included. Only poor evaluations were given respect the applicability as a means to facilitate learning and consolidation of knowledge (6,67 %); and product functionality by professors (6,67 %); students evaluated as poor the update of the staff that made used of it (2,15 %), and product functionality (8,60 %).Conclusions: this multimedia is a useful tool in the teaching-learning process for the training of basic electrocardiography, since it provides professors with an auxiliary means and supplies updated information on cardiovascular diseases.

Introduction: oral lesions are a major health problem and the greater incidence falls on the old adults. Objective: to characterize the old adults with oral lesions at Hermanos Cruz University Polyclinic.Method: an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out with patients older than 60 years old presenting lesions in the oral mucosa during 2017-2018. A sample of 137 patients was chosen. Descriptive statistical methods were applied to the analysis of the results. Medical ethics was respected. Results: female patients predominated (54,8 %), the age group from 60 to 69 (43,7 %), stomatitis under the denture was the main lesion (83,2 %). The 64,9 % of patients had full dentures, 69,3 % presented regular or poor hygiene of the dentures. It was found that 54,01 % of the patients with lesions wore dentures for 11 years or more. Permanent dentures (99,2 %), maladjustment (97,8 %), and smoking (91,2 %) were the most common risk factors for the development of lesions.Conclusions: patients on the six decade of life, mainly female, are prone to suffer from oral lesions, stomatitis under the dentures was the most common. Poor oral hygiene associated with the prolonged use of dentures, its maladjustment and smoking can favor the development of lesions. 

Introduction: although there has been progress in knowledge about HIV/AIDS, promoting adequate practices for its prevention in adolescents is a necessity.Objective: design a proposal for an educational intervention on HIV/AIDS for adolescents in a medical office.Method: a pedagogical study was carried out using the materialistic-dialectical method, in the medical office No-2 at Pedro Borrás Astorga University Polyclinic in the period from August to September 2019. The target group included 120 adolescents, 60 of them were chosen through simple random sampling¸ using different methods for the search and processing of information: theoretical, empirical and statistical (descriptive). An informed consent was obtained from the parents and tutors of the adolescents participating in the study.Results: 60% of the adolescents had insufficient knowledge concerning the general characteristics related to HIV/AIDS. A proposal for an educational intervention on HIV/AIDS was designed to enhance comprehensive training in adolescents through six topics through methodological guidelines.Conclusions: the proposal of an educational intervention on HIV/AIDS for adolescents from a medical office constitutes a way for comprehensive training and risk perception in adolescence. Its implementation favors the reduction of morbidity and mortality associated to this pandemic, as well as a solid aim related to knowledge for its adequate management, control and prevention.