Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

In this article, we propose to study the transition processes —social and cultural— of the popular society in Chile at the ending of the nineteenth century and beginning of the twentieth century, starting from the conflict situations that stress the relation between the popular subjects, the State and the dominant elites. The most important analytical key of this study is referred to the manifestations of violence, displayed by the popular subjects in different spatial spheres inside the national territory Particularly, we are interested in analyzing the theoretical dimensions of the urban riot, the mining uprising and the rural banditry.

This article is intended to submit part of the analysis of the results of the investigation «Brazilian Youth and Democracy: participation, spheres and public politics», which was coordinated by IBASE and the Polis Institute in addition to universities and ONG’S. It picks up as references the records produced in the Metropolitan Region of Porto Alegre. The investigation was developed in seven metropolitan regions of Brazil and the Federal Province with the purpose of inquiring over the juvenile participation processes regarding the participation, ways, contents and senses youngsters between 15 and 25 years old, keeping in mind the importance of these individuals form the consolidation of the democratization process of the brazilian society. Some of the matters studied were: how do youngsters participate, their reasons for participating, which are the significations and senses of this juvenile participation in public and political spheres. The investigation discovered that the considered youngsters indicated that survival questions are of underlying importance in order to carry out life projects that include the participation and struggle for the construction of a better Brazil.

This is a study of the social representations appears on the politics and democracy, elaborated by youth sample between 18 and 29 years old. For the analysis of these representations it has been used a method of free association of words as stimuli and one evaluation survey, that takes the form similar a semantic differential. The outputs obteined through the free association of words were analysed according of multivariated methods (hierarchical cluster analysis, multidimensional scaling and correspondences analysis). The results on the image survey were summarized in four principal factors and compares averages for multiple categorization. The principal observed effect is the rejection, on the part of the subjects of the sample, to taking part across the institutional channels and by means of conventional methods of political action. His action indicates us that these young men, far from reducing importance to the political life, possess a novel meaning of the political thing and that it can be opposed to the most traditional definitions of the same one. On the other hand, his disenchantment is evident with the really existing democracy, there being able to be traced in his daily relations alternative forms of organization and that they consider to be nearer to his version of the democracy.

This article matters over the different ways in which the «juvenile political participation» has been studied arguing that social sciences domeneering discourse has operated naturalizing the political representation system under valuing other politicial expressions present among young people. In an intent to visualize these expressions, this article delivers an analysis of the discourses and practiceds of young people participants of the cultural and student collectives of the Province of Concepcion, Chile. This analysis helped to confirm that the young do not get too far from «the political thing», but from the idea of representative politics which —top their own judgement—contains the main characteristics of bureaucracy, electoral centralism and authoritarianism among other others. To their rejection to political representation system, young people propose new social-political practices defined by an equitative participation, an assembly system, self managing, pluralism and political culturalization.

This article intends to explore the configuration modes of the juvenile subjectiveness in the discursive body of the last ten years of argentinian social sciences. It specifically analizes —among this period— some of the ideological effects that conform the obliteration of the critical questioning for and from the gender in social as well as political and epistemic category in part of the local sociological production over the concept of «youth», transversally read. For this purpose it reviews —picking up some arguments and contributions carried out by the gender and feminist theory— some of the ways in which the inferential effacement is produced in order to replace the invitation to think from a no androcentric matrix of the investigation and the social production of knowledge on young men and women.

If we view young people as a social and cultural construction, changes ocurred among contemporary society affect their ordinary life. The young, as social generational collective are far more exposed to lose memory of the presente. Time and space re-meaning seem not to allow memory building. Now, which is the role of domeneering institutions among this construction? Referred to key situations of the Argentinian recent history, do young people show interest in connecting with that memory? Among their discourses, which idea is more relevant: idealism or knowledge? Among the objectives of the research project called Urban juvenile cultures carried out at the National University of San Luis, researchers want to know the ways that young people use to build subjectivity and social identity. With this purpose during early year 2006, they worked with university students to whom was requested to write down their opinions, knowledge and attitudes towards the years of dictatorship in Argentina, as well as to write down their ideas over the representation of young people of that time and their differences and resemblances with the present generation.

This article intends to explore the configuration modes of the juvenile subjectiveness in the discursive body of the last ten years of argentinian social sciences. It specifically analizes —among this period— some of the ideological effects that conform the obliteration of the critical questioning for and from the gender in social as well as political and epistemic category in part of the local sociological production over the concept of «youth», transversally read. For this purpose it reviews —picking up some arguments and contributions carried out by the gender and feminist theory— some of the ways in which the inferential effacement is produced in order to replace the invitation to think from a no androcentric matrix of the investigation and the social production of knowledge on young men and women.

This article discusses over how social sciences have approached the relation between diagnoses on epoch changes or «post» conditions and present political perspectives among juvenile partnerships. The idea is to catch how the ways of juvenile partnership during the decades of the change of the century have been interpretated and how the cracks or continuancies referred to the dynamics and horizons of the public policy have been perceived. The text deepens in the European thinking of influence in the juvenile studies in Latin America and the stage of the contingency in Mexico and Chile, reason for which the volumes of outstanding authors are critically reviewed. Under the light of such academic discussion, the considerations of the article turn around interpretive theories and their diagnoses over «kindred», individualism or «new juvenile politics», all of these theories which transcend youth matters and involve global senses of the political construction of contemporary societies.

The text investigates the work carried out in the field of youth politics during the administration of President Alejandro Toledo, focusing the attention in the reconstruction of the processes followed in the creation of the National Youth Council as a system moving three instances: the Coordination Committee, the National Youth Commission and the Youth Participation Council. This three organisms opened soon after the last democratic transition produced in Peru during year 2000. The work assesses the mechanism character of the «participative inclusion» of the young as noted in the official address through the comparison with the expectatives analysis of the juvenile representatives integrating the system.