Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Introduction: type 2 diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder of multiple etiologies characterized by chronic hyperglycemia and is associated with cardiovascular and renal complications.Objective: to determine the sociodemographic and biological factors associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus in patients treated at the “II Essalud Pucallpa” hospital in the period 2018 - 2019.Method: an observational, analytical and cross-sectional study was carried out. A sample of 124 patients was selected through simple random sampling. All data was collected from individual medical records and program books using the data collection form.Results: a predominance of patients was found in the age group from 30 to 39 years of age (25,8 %), as well as the female sex (64,5 %). Body mass index greater than 25 had a statistically significant relationship with type 2 diabetes mellitus (p <0,05) and between the total cholesterol value, LDL above the optimum limit and HDL below 35mg/dl. 73,3 % of the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus reported consuming more than one sugary drink per day, and 75% consumed alcohol, finding a statistically significant association (p <0.05). A predominance of metabolic syndrome patient’s (81,67 %) was found in in the group with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Conclusions: the presence of type 2 diabetes mellitus was associated with the presence of high blood pressure, high body mass index, cholesterol, LDL and HDL; as well as the consumption of alcohol and sugary drinks.

Introducción: el cáncer de piel es una neoplasia frecuente en el ser humano a nivel mundial, su incidencia se ha incrementado durante las últimas décadas, considerado como una expresión de hábitos de mayor exposición a radiaciones ultravioletas. Los niños y adolescentes son los más vulnerables a la radiación, debido a que el daño solar es máximo y acumulativo. Objetivo: valorar la eficiencia de una intervención educativa sobre daño y protección solar para estudiantes de secundaria. Método: se realizó un estudio no observacional cuasi-experimental, mediante el desarrollo de intervención educativa. El universo quedó constituido por 154 que cursan el octavo y noveno grado. Resultados: se obtuvo que el porcentaje de estudiantes que poseen buenos conocimientos sobre el tema aumentó desde un 0,6 % antes del desarrollo de las actividades de tipo formativo a un 78,9 % posterior a esto. El 94,6 % de los estudiantes reconocieron la relación que existe entre el cáncer de piel y el daño solar. Conclusiones: las actividades de intervención desarrolladas han permitido la adquisición de conocimientos sobre protección solar en los adolescentes. Con el desarrollo de las actividades de tipo formativo en la población de estudio, se observó un incremento en el porcentaje de respuestas correctas para cada uno de los ítems respecto al test inicial.

La fibromialgia es una enfermedad crónica de difícil diagnóstico que amenaza el bienestar de una cifra creciente de personas por su estrecha relación con el envejecimiento poblacional, produce intensos dolores en las articulaciones y afecta la musculatura, disminuyendo consecuentemente la calidad de vida de las personas. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica con el objetivo de describir las principales características clínicas y epidemiológicas de la fibromialgia, utilizándose un total de 20 referencias. Se caracteriza por la presencia de dolor en puntos específicos del cuerpo, una fatiga permanente y, ocasionalmente, síntomas neurológicos o cognitivos. Los pacientes con fibromialgia deben ser tratados por un equipo multidisciplinario y el tratamiento es necesario que sea integral, ya que es un padecimiento que afecta a los pacientes tanto física como emocionalmente actualmente existen terapias alternativas que pueden ayudar a tener un mejor control de esta enfermedad.

Application of coronary reperfusion methods in patients with acute myocardial infarction with ST segment elevation

Since its birth in 1994 until now, CLIL (Content and Language Integrated Learning) has been seeing and implementing in different ways, depending on government or school policies or stakeholders’ attitudes, which has caused a margin of vagueness about its definition. This is very important, because the European Union adoption of CLIL to support the aim of multilingualism has focused on the linguistic results at several levels and so the researches and surveys, although it is implemented mainly by subject teachers, who need to see the effectiveness from their point of view, not only linguistic. This paper reviews the literature, finding out the definition of CLIL as ‘open environment of education’, definitely suitable for subject teachers in order to be involved in its implementation. It is also underlined, taking into account the European Directives, how CLIL, in particular if taught through tools offered by new technologies, tend to achieve the students’ global growth and their European citizenship, as well as to be the first step for a new kind of schooling.

The present study utilized Digital Didactic Material, namely: Grammarly, Kahoot!, LyricsTraining, Qr Codes, Quizalize, Quizizz, Quizlet, and Storybird to teach EFL (English as a Foreign Language) namely reading comprehension and grammar formation. This study also aimed at investigating the learners’ acceptance toward this material. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed approach, 37 university students of two general English language courses attending classes in the Language Institute at the University of Cuenca, Ecuador, participated in a pre-experimental design. The experimental results indicated that students’ reading and grammar acquisition outperformed significatively after employing the Digital Didactic Material (p ˂.05). Moreover, students showed a positive attitude to this material as well as its use in teaching reading comprehension and grammar structure. The findings of this study have implications for L2 learners, encouraging them to change their view of reading and grammar acquisition and looking at these from a more motivating perspective. 

At present, it is necessary to consider the problems that arise from the digital society and the transformations that university professors are undergoing to adapt to the changes generated by digital technologies (DT). Consequently, the need to analyze the context in which these changes are occurring emerges, and the idea of finding theories that help to interpret and reflect on issues related to technology and education is promoted. In order to know the state in question of the applicability of the theories and models of technology adoption in the university faculty and to be able to reveal which are the most outstanding and used constructs, we proceeded to the systematic review of the literature on models and theories of technology adoption allowing us to shed light on the advances in this field. Thus, 321 documents were compiled and through criteria of inclusion, exclusion and quality, 47 articles strictly related to the analysis were selected. On the one hand, it has been demonstrated that from the theory of Diffusion of Innovations (TDI), several important models and theories have emerged such as the model of technological acceptance (TAM) and the theory of Reasoned Action (TRA), highlighting the TAM model as the most robust and popular, this has led to its modification in several studies with the incorporation of new constructs, so from the original TAM it has been identified that the most used constructs are perceived utility, perceived ease of use and behavioral intent of use, to these are added more frequently the subjective norm, facilitating conditions and self-efficacy; on the other hand it is evident to determine that the technological adoption in the educational field is also analyzed from another perspective such as the pedagogical one.

The intention of this article is to analyze the cinematographic representation of the poverty in five Chilean movies realized during the military dictatorship of general Augusto Pinochet. Specially we will reflect about the way in which these audio-visual representations contributed to provide a knowledge/power regarding the cultural inscription of the poor, the marginality and the popular, trying to investigate the relationship –complex and not free of tension– that exists between political context (dictatorship, repression, neoliberalism) and audiovisual image (stereotypes, image, representation, aesthetics). Through the analysis of the representations and the audiovisuals discourses about the poor during this period, we want to approach the ideological implications of these images of marginality, and try to understand to what extent they function as devices of subjectivation of the popular.

Introducción: el cáncer bucal constituye una enfermedad que se ha incrementado notablemente en las últimas décadas con grandes repercusiones en el ser humano, ocupando el quinto lugar entre las afecciones más comunes de la cavidad oral y se sitúa entre las primeras diez localizaciones de los procesos oncológicos que aquejan a la humanidad.Objetivo: caracterizar el cáncer bucal en pacientes del territorio norte de la provincia de Ciego de Ávila.Método: se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo retrospectivo, en el período comprendido entre septiembre de 2015 y diciembre de 2016. Se trabajó con la totalidad de la población estando constituida por 36 pacientes con diagnóstico de cáncer bucal que acudieron a la consulta de Cirugía Maxilofacial del Hospital General Docente “Roberto Rodríguez” del municipio de Morón perteneciente al territorio norte de la provincia de Ciego de Ávila.Resultados: el mayor número de casos diagnosticados correspondió a individuos de raza blanca y la localización anatómica de mayor incidencia fueron los labios, las edades predominantes fueron de 60 y más, fundamentalmente del sexo masculino, los principales factores de riesgo que incidieron fueron el tabaquismo y el uso de prótesis desajustadas, la mayoría de los pacientes tenían diagnóstico histológico de carcinoma epidermoide con mayor incidencia en las etapas II y III.Conclusiones: el carcinoma epidermoide presentó una elevada incidencia, principalmente en los hombres y mayores de 60 años, teniendo una repercusión elevada en pacientes fumadores.

Introduction: cervical spondylotic myelopathy is a common disease, which accounts for a quarter of all upper-limb paresthesia. Anterior graft discectomy is one of the most widely used surgical techniques in the world to treat this disease.Objective: to characterize patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy who underwent surgery using the anterior discectomy with graft technique.Methods: a retrospective, descriptive, longitudinal study was conducted in 35 patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy who underwent surgery using the anterior graft discectomy technique at “Lucia Iñiguez Landín” Clinical Surgical Teaching Hospital from January 2017 to December 2019. The variables studied were: age, sex, race, personal pathological history, signs and symptoms (before the surgery), cervical level affected, sequelae and complications.Results: male patients predominated (59,9 %), with ages between 45 and 60 years (45,71 %) and with personal pathological history of obesity (40 %). The prevailing clinical manifestations before surgery were hyperreflexia (65,71 %) and paresthesia (62,85 %). The most affected cervical segment was C5-C7 (91,42 %). The main complications were generalized hyperreflexia (17,14 %) and pain (8,57 %).Conclusions: patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy surgically treated by the anterior discectomy with graft technique were mostly male, in ages after the fourth decade of life. Patients presented hyperreflexia before the surgery, and could develop generalized hyperreflexia as a complication.