Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Present documentary work has been realized at Proplanse's nursery. The objective was to evaluate productivity of mother plants, on genus Eucalyptus and the rooting capacity of stakes from mini clonal garden, belonging to Proplanse. Ten clones of three species of Eucalyptus were placed in a mini clonal garden through gutters with a drip irrigation system. In relation to the variables, number of resprouts and viable stakes measured in the mini garden, were obtained highly significant differences between clones, which were: UP1 (17,947 resprouts and 34.05 Viable Stakes), UG2 (12,120 resprouts and 22.96 Viable Stakes) and G2 (10,254 Resprouts and 27.89 viable stakes). The parameters measured in the irrigation water were obtained the average values of the CE 0.5 mS/cm and pH 5 to 7. The stakes established in the module showed highly significant differences (P<0.0001) in the percentage of rooting,  Where three clones were obtained superior, the best of them is the clone G2 with 78.58% rooting, developing in environmental conditions of relative humidity, greater than 80% and temperature between 25-30 ° C. With the average values obtained from the variables measured in the clonal mini garden and the rooting module was realized a projection of productivity and rooting, considering a density of 54 plants mother/m2. Resulting, a minimum average production of Annual variable stakes of 10, 0000 to 27,000 depending on the clone, with possibilities to root from 2,000 to 18,000 per square meter stakes of the mini garden.

Objective: To formulate a community development model to contribute to rural resilience in the states of Campeche, Chiapas, Tabasco, Yucatan and Quintana Roo, Mexico. Design/methodology/approximation: The execution of the project considered the incursion into communities of high and very high marginalization with a population of 300 to 3,800 inhabitants established in five states during the period July 2017 to March 2018, under the auspices of INCA Rural, A.C.. Sustainable livelihoods and the logical framework made it possible to systematize and analyze data collected in the characterization of the development potential of the territory (natural resources, productive resources and anthropogenic activity), carried out with literature review and field phase. A social innovation agenda was formulated with descriptive cards of projects and potential sources of financing. Results: 93 localities established in 14 microregions in five states were intervened, 90 extension agents in community development were trained, 216 training actions carried out, 90 community databases, 90 community development plans, 90 acts of integration of órganos de consulta y planeación comunitaria (OCPC) and 14 records of integration of grupos de extensionismo para el desarrollo microrregional (GEDM). Limitations on study/implications: The duration of the project prevented the implementation of the community development plan. Findings/conclusions: The present model preponderates the active participation of the individual as the basis for contributing to the improvement of the quality of life of the community, based on the valorization of the territory and the collective identity framed in participatory processes.

Objective: Measure the level of competitiveness in strawberry production in Mexico for the period from 1980 to 2019 and with it, generate strategies that have a positive impact on increasing specialization. Design / methodology / approach: The methodology consists of the application of three indicators related to competitiveness and specialization at the macroeconomic and mesoeconomic levels, such as: the location quotient, the Lafay International Specialization Indicator, and the Revealed Trade Advantage Index of Exports for the period. It includes from 1980 to 2017, for each of the states of the Mexican Republic and in comparison, with the United States. Results: Strawberry production in Mexico is specialized since it has comparative advantages that the different states take advantage of and which allow the country, positioning itself as a net exporter and with a significant degree of importance within the country's strawberry exports to the United States market. Limitations of the study / implications: no limitations were found in terms of the data obtained from the secondary information sources necessary for the application of the methodology. However, the results are limited to the analysis of a single aspect that impacts competitiveness such as trade, and it would be interesting to study more variables that impact specialization and therefore improve competitiveness. Findings / conclusions: despite the favorable results in the calculation of the indicators, it is necessary to apply strategies that favor the increase in the specialization and competitiveness of strawberry production in Mexico and increase the profitability of producers.

Objective: Identify the diet of white-tailed deer in rumen samples at the UMA Rancho San Juan, municipality of Monclova, Coahuila, Mexico in the winter of 2019. Design/methodology/approach: To identify the composition of the diet of the white-tailed deer, the microhistological technique was used in samples of white-tailed deer rumen. For this, the capture of 50 females was carried out through 7 drop nets during the hunting season 2018-2019. Results: The deer's diet was made up of 39 plant species, represented by 18 families, the most common being Poaceae and Fabaceae, with 8 and 7 species, respectively. Prosopis glandulosa, Acacia rigidula, Setaria leucophylla and Leucophyllum frutescens, were the most frequent species in the diet. Of the total species, 17 have not been reported in the diet of O. v. texanus in northeast Mexico. The diet was made up of 37.73% shrubs, 23.44% grasses, 18.26% succulents, 17.21% trees and 3.35% herbaceous. Limitations on study/implications: The high percentage of grasses in the diet may indicate overgrazing by deer and low availability of preferred species. The present study aims to expand the knowledge about the diet of the white-tailed deer in northeast Mexico. Findings/conclusions: The study identified new species in the diet of the white-tailed deer in the northeast of Mexico and expands the knowledge on their feeding requirements, to implement pertinent habitat improvement measures. Keywords: Preferred species, Grasses, Microhistological Technique, Drop nets.

Objective: in order to evaluate the growth, the chemical composition and the quality of the silage at 45 and 60 days of cutting of the Pennisetum purpureum sp. Giant and Pennisetum purpureum cv. Taiwan. Design / methodology / approach: The study was carried out in the Germplasm Bank of the Rosario Izapa Experimental Field, in Tuxtla Chico, Chiapas, Mexico. From the chemical analysis of the silage, crude protein (CP), crude fat (CF), crude fiber (CF), ash (A), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), and pH were determined. From growth, plant height, leaf length, leaf width and stem diameter. A completely randomized design was used with three repetitions per treatment using PROC GLM and the comparison of average with the Tukey procedure. Results: The CP content of both grasses decreased in the period from 45 to 60 days, from 7.18% to 5.36% respectively in the Taiwan grass, and from 7.53% to 6.05% in the Pennisetum sp. Giant, in the same period respectively. Plant height, length, leaf width, and stem diameter were greater in Taiwan grass (P<0.05) at 30, 45, and 60 days; the pH of the silage was similar between the evaluated pastures (P>0.05) at 45 and 60 days. Study limitations / implications: Assessment is required in the dry season (December-April). Findings / Conclusions: Taiwan grass had the highest growth rate in all periods; while the giant grass had greater nutritional value at 45 and 60 days of cutting.

Objective: To describe the variety of Ximena poinsettia based on UPOV guidelines and to evaluate its behavior with a cooperating producer in Morelos state.Design/methodology/approach: The variety was generated by the genotechnical methods of hybridization, recurrent selection and use of the grafting method. The varietal description was made based on the document of the Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV). The experimental design used was a completely randomized, with 10 repetitions. Vegetative and bract characters of the plant were recorded. The information was studied by analysis of variance and Tukey means comparison test (P? 0.05).Results: Ximena is tall, large, with intermediate branching. The leaf is oval, long and wide with a medium length petiole. Elliptical bracts, red color, without torsion and roughness between the nerves. The width of the top is medium, yellow ciatio glands, and without any deformation. Ximena's response was statistically similar to the two controls in stem diameter, number of internodes, leaf width, leaf petiole length and bract. Instead, it was statistically superior in bract length, bract canopy width, and diameter of ciatio.Limitations on study/implications: The variety is maintained as an original plant, from which commercial crops will be established. Therefore, it requires adequate nutrition and conditions that do not allow its floral differentiation.Findings/conclusions: Ximena's behavior and archetype was comparable to that of commercial varieties, it has aesthetic characteristics that the market demands, it can be competitive and it is considered a candidate to diversify the offer of poinsettias plants in the Christmas season.

Objective: This study aims to analyze the backyard agricultural production system with a logistical focus, assuming that the knowledge of the links that make up the supply chain will contribute to developing productive and operational strategies that link backyard producers with short agro-food chains. Design/methodology/approach: The case study of the highly marginalized localities and indigenous presence of the municipalities of Chontla and Tempoal, Veracruz is presented. The supply chain of backyard agricultural products was analyzed from a generic model identifying the products, furthermore making an annualized economic projection. The information was collected with opportunity sampling through surveys of backyard producers, intermediaries, retail and wholesale marketers, municipal agents, and local authorities. Results: Five echelons define the backyard agricultural products supply chain of the case study: raw materials production, processing, manufacturing, product presentation, and the final consumer. It has a semi-structured marketing scheme between traditional and short commercialization circuits. Four opportunity areas were identified: non-standardized product processing, inappropriate storage conditions, production records absence, and poor distribution and marketing channels. Limitations on study/implications: The annualized economic projection indicated that 35.8% of the products are destined for self-consumption, 21.2% are commercialized in local and municipal markets, and 43% of the production is not commercialized. Findings/conclusions: This study proposes to locate strategically (in each municipality) collection, and distribution centers for backyard agricultural products to reduce the amount of non-commercialized products and link backyard agricultural producers in short agri-food chains and thereby contribute to strengthening the local economy.

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the physiological quality of eleven soybean varieties stored under natural conditions in the state of Yucatan. Design / methodology / approach: Seeds of 11 soybean varieties were stored for 11 months in sealed polythene bags. At the beginning of the storage, the seeds were evaluated for germination, electrical conductivity and weight of 100 seeds and from the third month to 11 months, the germination and electrical conductivity of each sample were assessed monthly. The initial and final weight of 100 seeds was obtained. The data obtained was analyzed in a completely randomized design with factorial arrangement. Results: Differences (p?0.05) in storage tolerance were observed between the varieties, however, the loss of physiological quality was noticeable from the third month of storage. The Tamesi and H-100 varieties register the highest loss of germination and weight in the seed and the highest value of electrical conductivity. Limitations / implications: Soybean is produced in the Yucatan peninsula, but a limitation is the high temperatures and relative humidity to conserve the seeds, which could be produced in the state. Conclusions: Soybean seeds have problems to maintain the physiological quality in storage under natural conditions, these problems are also reflected in the loss of seed weight.

Objective:to determine the reaction of 53 lines and three varieties of black beans to inoculation with Uromyces appendiculatusand Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, to identify genotypes resistant to rust and anthracnose. Design/methodology/approach:ten seedlings of each genotype were inoculated in the greenhouse with a suspension of U. appendiculatusurediospores and another 10 with a suspension of C. lindemuthianumconidia. Fourteen days after inoculation, the reaction of the genotypes to rust was evaluated with a severity scale of 1 to 6, and to anthracnose, with a scale of 0 to 4. The data were analyzed in a completely randomized design with 10 replications per treatment and for the separation of averages the LSD at 0.05 was applied. Results:41 genotypes showed a hypersensitivity reaction to rust, of which 25 had a reaction value of 2.0, statistically lower than that of the controls. In turn, 45 genotypes were resistant to anthracnose, of which 18 had a value of 1.0, statistically similar to that of Negro Jamapa and lower than that of the rest of the genotypes. Limitations of the study/implications:due to the diversity of races of both pathogens, the genotypes were inoculated with monopustular isolates of the main races of U. appendiculatusand with monosporic cultures of C. lindemuthianum, which occur in the bean crops of Veracruz and Chiapas. Findings/conclusions:25 lines resistant to rust and 18 to anthracnose were identified, which stood out for presenting the least damage from these diseases.

Objective: To determine the nutritional concentration of the cocoa fruit in its components: shell, mucilage, testa and seed of different genetic groups. Design / methodology / approach: The determination of the nutrient removal was from three cocoa clones: Criollo (Carmelo), Forastero (PMCT 58) and Trinitario (RIM 88). Ten fruits from each clone were collected. Each fruit was divided into its components: peel, mucilage, testa and seed. Each of the fractions were dried in the drying oven for 72 h at 65 ° C; each fraction was then ground, packaged, labeled and sent to the laboratory, where the macro and micro-nutrients of each of these fractions were determined. Results. The nutritional removal of the macro and micro nutrients (N, PK, Ca, Mg and S), of the different structures (shell, mucilage, testa and seed) and genetic group (outsider, Trinidadian and Creole), ranged in a range of acceptable values ??(0.01 <s <0.199). Study limitations / implications: Nutrient removal will be mainly influenced by the genetic group of cocoa and the conditions where it is grown. Findings / Conclusions: The nutritional removal of cocoa varies according to the different structures (seed, testa, mucilage and shell) and the concentration depends largely on the variety of cocoa (Forastero, Trinitario or Criollo). Potassium is the element most absorbed by the peel, followed by calcium and nitrogen and phosphorus in the seed. In general, the Trinitario cocoa (RIM) presented higher nutrient removal in K, N, Mg and P, followed by the Forastero (PMCT 58) and with lesser quantity the Criollo (Carmelo) and in the microelements the most absorbed were Zn, Fe and B in Trinitario, Criollo and Forastero, respectively.