Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

This research aims to investigate links within the marketing by cocoa producers in the province of Napo in order to analyze and identify the processes through intermediaries, commission agents, exporters, farmers, and producer associations that allow current technical information taking into account the trade between countries and standards-oriented trade and quality, as well as distribution through producers as advice in terms of associations of exporters of types of cocoa. The objective is to determine the processes to ensure a formal linkage in order to better understand the marketing chain of cocoa from Ecuador in developing countries. 

This investigation establishes an object focused on the analysis of the treatment of illicit evidence in the Ecuadorian criminal process to establish whether it is possible to obtain a resolution based on such evidence.  Remember that evidence is in law one of the fundamental tools to convince and prove the facts to the judicial body. Therefore, this evidence must be obtained in a way that does not infringe fundamental rights. If there is such a violation, the rule of evidentiary exclusion applies.  However, international doctrine, precepts and judgments provide for certain exceptions to this evidentiary exclusion that could give rise to decisions based on unlawful evidence. In this way, this article provides concepts, object and legal nature of illicit evidence, as well as the analysis of doctrinal theories and international judicial decisions.   This, through a methodological framework of documentary and bibliographic scope and a correlational research level due to the effective relationship of the variables. It will be demonstrated in the present investigation whether the illicit evidence can be valued or not, taking a position. 

Didactics approach with virtual environments for teaching and learning requires a pedagogical analysis in our country, after having spent three years of educational regulations in the online work modality due to COVID 19 and its variants, now that has returned to face-to-face education. Therefore, the objective of this communication is to analyze in a critical-pedagogical way some of the difficulties that the Ecuadorian educational system has gone through during the establishment of this modality of work, caused by the pandemic and to discuss some perspectives of Didactics. For this, the difficulties are combined through the approach of three epigraphs: The perspectives of Didactics in relation to a virtual education; the teaching and learning process with virtual environments; and, the virtual educational process: another role of the educational subjects and the evaluation from the attitudinal content, to reflect on them in a proactive critical way. After carrying out a documentary bibliographical review, it is then established that the approach of a Didactics with technological resources as one more didactic material in the educational process, is a necessity, above all, in countries with marked digital gaps like ours, resources that they must have pedagogical guidance to be relevant, effective and formative.

The objective of the research was to determine the general guidelines to improve the pedagogical teaching of initial education teachers in comprehensive sexuality in early childhood, through the analysis, diagnosis and knowledge of the teachers’ perceptions, as well as the identification of Effective psychopedagogicas strategies for teaching sexuality in this evolutionary stage. An analytical method was used, oriented to a quantitativedescriptive investigation, the instruments used were the sociodemographic file (Ad-hoc) and a sheet of perception, knowledge and identification of psycho-pedagogical strategies (Ad-hoc), to address ESI in the classrooms. The sample consisted of 11 teachers of Initial education. According to the results, it was determined that 50% of the teachers have little experience in working with children, 80% work on sexual education issues, based on the needs and characteristics of the children, 60% are unaware of the psychopedagogicas guidelines to address comprehensive sexual education in their classrooms and 80% have not been trained on this topic. In conclusion, the teachers have little training and lack of psycho-pedagogical strategies in sexual education, for this reason, an educational innovation proposal was raised with a teacher training program entitled “EduESI” to be considered as part of the curriculum, with the purpose of raising awareness of sexual education, as a protective factor.

This article offers a review of the literature on organizational prospective in Higher Education Institutions. A bibliographical consultation was carried out taking into account key words, which allowed to achieve a general approximation to the origin and conceptualization of Culture and Organizational Management. The first, according to Edgar H. Schein, refers to the combination of characteristics that differentiate and give an institution a unique identity. The second is understood as a control, monitoring and evaluation process that favors the achievement of institutional objectives, goals, vision and mission. Then, it gives way to prospective planning in university organizations, used to obtain flexibility, strategic planning, responsiveness and dynamic competencies. Next, some relevant aspects are addressed in the prospection of the organizational management of the university, such as internationalization, the knowledge society and Information and Communication Technologies – ICT, which are essential in quality processes. Conclusions are reached that allow delineating the importance of prospective planning for quality processes, since both culture and organizational management are key factors to improve quality and substantive functions of higher education institutions.

As a result of the research carried out, the first aspects built to propose the concept ‘Knowledge Distribution Agent’ (KDA) to the scientific and research community are presented, with the purpose of debating the base and structure that gives it meaning and continue building its field of action in the educational sphere.  The researcher is the educational, social, political and intellectual actor who has the greatest possibility of receiving the KDA attribute for professional practices carried out inside and outside the educational institution where he/she works. While the former are mandatory due to the salary received and because they are considered in the contract, designation and creation agreement of the institution, the latter are freely chosen by the educational researcher based on their personal and professional concerns and are conducted out of conviction and professional ethics, even though institutional support is often minimal or absent. The distribution of educational knowledge, in addition to the diffusion and dissemination, is a professional practice of the educational researcher, which is in crisis due to the little institutional support generated by the rationality of the administrative bureaucracy, the imperatives of the audit and the neoliberal model, without omitting questions of style, prejudice, jealousy, among others, of the personnel who carry out administrative activities. However, there are educational researchers who successfully distribute knowledge based on professional ethics, commitment, and social and cultural responsibility, with, without, and despite institutional conditions and support.

The present study consisted of designing pedagogical strategies for the Peace Chair subject, which strengthen the healthy coexistence of the sixth-grade students of the Joaquín González Camargo Integrated Educational Institution of the municipality of Sogamoso Boyacá. The research arises from the need to promote the culture of peace and healthy coexistence in the classroom, because in the curricular plan and in the given methodology, little pedagogical material is evidenced. This research is of a mixed type, since quantitative and qualitative data collection instruments and techniques were used, such as non-participant observation, the questionnaire, the interview and contributions from authors who have worked on the subject. The instruments were applied to 104 students from sixth grade, whose ages range from 11 to 14 years. It was evidenced that the application of didactic strategies helps a lot in training, since they arouse interest, improve knowledge of content that is not very understandable, and have greater capacity and fluency to express what they have learned.

The study of teaching-learning strategies in arts education, articulated in the pedagogical space of the New School, allows us to understand the current state of rural education and its necessary integration with the school and the cultural context. With the aim of applying the New School pedagogical model through the teaching of arts education in conjunction with cartography as a method, a didactic proposal is presented that facilitates the integration of boys and girls in a participatory learning process both inside and outside the classroom. The results show that the integration of arts education into teaching processes contains a pedagogical and integrative scope that facilitates self-reflection and participatory research among students, teachers, and the community. It is concluded that art has the potential to raise awareness of social problems and promote change, therefore arts education from the New School model encourages students to address issues of identity and culture that are relevant and impactful for their community and their development as a social being.

Based on a theoretical review, this text proposes and argues the dual nature of school, on the one hand it reproduces hetero-cis-normativity as a set of discourses and practices imbued on patriarchal culture that seek to produce heterosexual and cisgender lives; at the same time it deploys a series of pedagogical strategies that contribute to transform the traditional orders and codes around sexuality and gender, highlighting the importance of teachers’ training on the matter. The argumentation is developed in this order to conclude with the need to integrate critical perspectives from queer pedagogy to guarantee the inclusion of people who embody sexual and gender dissidence in school, while disturbing the social, cultural and political structures that have turned this institution into a fundamental space of socialization in the maintenance of the heterocis-normative social order.

Analysis of the main Spanish archives and search engines with on-line documentary facsimiles and how universities try to increase digital practices, specified here in Palaeography, Diplomatics and their related sciences (Codicology, Sigillography and Chronology), marking the accent on the platform Monasterium for its clear didactic vocation. Advantages and difficulties of all this.