Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

This article deals with the preventive measures in intellectual property matters, its admissibility, admissibility and groundability. The importance of analyzing this legal action in matters related to intellectual property is because they must work with an efficient and effective method to protect the rights of the owners and that acceptance or refusal of the preventive measures are immediate. In this paper we will review main points such as: 1- Definition and characteristics of preventive injunctions; 2- The scope of the adoption of preventive injunctions; 3- The temporality of this type of action and that the plaintiff must comply with to prevent the measures from expiring; 4- The requirements that the law demands for the adoption of this measure and 5- How preventive injunctions help the infringement of intellectual property to cease immediately while the action is definitively resolved. The main focus of this work is to analyze the procedural, admissibility and groundability of this action. The methodology used is bibliographic and scientific, where conclusions on the subject matter are reached through reflective analysis.

To begin the analysis of this work, it is necessary to review the theoretical concept that our Magna Carta carries out in this regard, so that Article 75 states that everyone has the right to free access to justice and effective protection and based on This theoretical preamble we must stop in the analysis, to expand this constitutional precept because it is the organs of the judicial function that are called to respond to the request of every citizen so that their rights are protected but in an effective, impartial and expeditious manner, Observing this definition, there is no room for delay in procedures when it comes to protecting rights in any of the jurisprudential branches. The State is the call to protect not only this right, but all the others enshrined in our Magna Carta for being the regulatory entity of social policies between the citizen and the State because the latter administers the resources and wealth of a nation. In the jurisdictional sphere, the State, based on the legal certainty established in the Constitution, must monitor, and protect respect for the guarantees of due process and compensate for their damage when they are violated.

With the easy access and evolution of technology worldwide and the accelerated change in consumer trends and behavior, marketing strategies have not been immune to the change in the evolutionary chain marked by the power of technology in favor of quality of life and well-being of people. That is why the main objective of this research was to analyze the marketing strategies used by clothing manufacturing companies and their impact on post-state of emergency marketing, whose methodology was quantitative, cross-sectional, non-experimental, empirical and statistical; using the observation and the survey, applied to a statistical sample of potential clients of the companies Pasamanería S.A.; Almacenes De Prati S.A.; Pinto S.A. Company; Comercial Etatex C.A.; Tiendec S.A. For the statistical analysis, the Pareto diagram was used, concluding that all companies must adapt marketing strategies making good use of technology and trends in social networks

This article deals with the application of the valuation criteria of real estate declared in public utility, for the purpose of expropriation, as established in Article 495 of the Organic Code of Territorial Organization, Autonomy and Decentralization (COOTAD, 2010) In addition, it explains the expropriation procedure in Ecuador, the determination of the fair price, based on the cadastral appraisal made by the appraisal and cadastres departments of the Autonomous Municipal Governments. Likewise, it shows different doctrinal contributions in order to generate a clearer criterion in this regard, together with the revision of both the constitutional norms and the lower norms related to expropriations. To carry out expropriations, the highest administrative authorities of the regional, provincial, metropolitan or municipal governments will resolve the declaration of public utility, by means of a duly reasoned act in which the individualization of the required good or goods and the purposes for which they will be used must be included. There are authors who affirm that expropriation is an institution of public, constitutional and administrative law, which is specified with the issuance of an administrative act, issued in exercise of the expropriatory public power, contained in the Constitution. Finally, the "Road Project Expansion to four lanes of the Alóag-Santo Domingo road, Tandapi-Unión del Toachi Section" is analyzed, carried out in 2018 by the Decentralized Autonomous Government of the Province of Pichincha (GADPP, 2018). From the documentation provided by the GADPP, it is evident that not all the people whose real estate was affected by the expropriations received the payment of the fair price, since they were only based on reports issued by the department of appraisals and cadastres of the Municipal GAD of the Canton Mejía, in which it is not possible to determine what assessment criteria were applied at the time of carrying out the appraisal of cadastres.

The present research work entitled "Symbolic play in the development of social interaction skills in 5-year-old children, Lima 2021", aims to determine the incidence of symbolic play in social interaction skills in 5-year-old children. The approach was quantitative, non-experimental design, explanatory level. The sample was non-probabilistic, intentional, making up a total of 90 boys and girls enrolled in classrooms for 5 years of initial education. The instruments used were a 16-item observation guide to measure symbolic play with Cronbach's Alpha 0.985; and a 24-item questionnaire to measure Social Interaction skills, with Cronbach's Alpha 0.991; the instruments were validated by expert judgment with the qualification of applicable. As a result, it was obtained that the adjustment model indicates dependency by associating symbolic play and social interaction skills. And according to the Chi-square values ​​is 28,200 and p = ,000 < α, the null hypothesis is rejected. Thus, it is stated that the model explains 38.8% (Nagelkerke = 0.388) of the variability of social interaction skills.

Collecting the most important, the process in order to obtain the appointment of special conservatorship for nuptials, must be managed by the parent with the capacity to marry, who wishes to get married, who has an unemancipated minor child under their care and from a previous relationship. The jurisdiction lies with the judges of the Judicial Unit for Family, Women, Children and Adolescents, the process is voluntary, and due to the phases and formalities of said process, as well as the procedural burden that the courts go through, said The process is not simple and fast, as it lasts approximately one and a half to three months, hindering the right to freely choose their marital status. By virtue of what has been indicated and the analysis carried out, said process conflicts with the principles of simplicity and speed, due to this set of problems a more expeditious process of approximately 48 hours is necessary, for which a reform of the Notarial Law is essential, granting to notaries as an exclusive attribution, setting reduced and differentiated rates that do not violate the right to equality and non-discrimination of the right of access to public services for low-income people.

This article deals with traffic offenses that generate a physical disability of up to three days in the body of the victims. The reasons that motivated the study of this subject is because there is no regulated article in the Organic Integral Penal Code, as well as in our Organic Law of Transit, Land Transportation and Road Safety that punishes drivers who by their negligence or imprudence when driving a vehicle produce physical injuries to passers-by of up to three days of disability The main points of analysis in this work are: 1- The guiding principles in traffic offenses with injuries of up to three days; 2- Impunity in this type of offenses; 3- Traffic offenses conceptualized in national and international doctrine; 4- Conceptualization of negligent offenses; 5- Definition of physical injuries; 6- Recklessness and negligence in traffic matters; 7- Integral reparation in traffic offenses. The main objective is to analyze the doctrinal theoretical postulates of the above mentioned topics and their due study within the legal system in Ecuador. The methodology used has a qualitative approach that will use a legal analysis of the complaints or police reports that have come to the attention of the Prosecutor's Office, where through the respective reflective analysis and the points of view investigated determine the conclusions and solutions to the issues addressed.

Generally in Ecuador, in order to act on behalf of a third party, citizens have gotten used to granting a Power of Attorney, whether it be a General or a Special Power of Attorney to provide legal effectiveness to a contract or a will declarative act; acting as attorney-in-fact or principal, whichever the case is, the intention of the Ecuadorian citizen is to always do things in a legal manner, when in reality, legality arises from the will of the people who enter into contracts by themselves or a third party. The issue regarding the unofficial agent, its ratification and civil actions that can be exercised by both the principal and agent, has its origin to fund accurately this legal institution in the contracts that can indeed be entered into, because in civil matters, a contract can be entered into with the contracting party not necessarily being present but the attorney in fact being there, but what happens if a contract is entered into without the express authorization of a person which does not appear to the written contract application, then shall the contract be invalid o void because of the lack of acceptance, or can it be stipulated in favor of a person without power and the act be valid?; thus, full knowledge of the aforementioned legal institution, its procedures and legal consequences is required.

This research work focuses on the socioeconomic impact of COVID-19 on the purchase and sale prices of cocoa in the province of Santo Domingo, whose main objective is to analyze the effect of COVID-19 on prices (purchase and sale) of cocoa in the province of Santo Domingo de los Tsáchilas-Ecuador. The research is mainly of a quantitative nature for the design and interpretation, an agro-productive database was obtained from the Agricultural Public Information System (SIPA), which helped to carry out different statistics, of bibliographic modality, at the same time the data contributed to know the results, so that the factors that influence prices can be identified, likewise models collected historical data of socioeconomic variables the sector that allowed mathematical calculations such as time series, and linear regression models to be able to identify the effect of the COVID-19 on cocoa prices, reaching the conclusion that there are significant differences in cocoa prices.

This article presents an analysis of the scene of the victims of psychological violence during the obtaining of evidence in the different stages of the criminal process, situations in which they are re-victimized on many occasions by the unprofessional actions of the justice operators themselves, and the incidence of these circumstances in the result of the process. I have used the bibliographic method, taking into account that the research it essentially based on the search for information collected in books, scientific journals, both printed and electronic, essential elements to be able to form a theoretical framework with relevant information about the subject in question. Corroborating that as part of daily life, mismanagement carried out sometimes at the time of obtaining evidence in cases of victims of psychological violence, resulting in damage to the victim that places her in a situation of double victimization as a part of the process, influencing the result of the same.