Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Cancer is the second cause of death in the world and the fourth in Mexico, among its types are onco-hematological diseases. Having cancer will have several repercussions on people suffering from it, including having to undergo very painful medical-invasive procedures, such as aspiration and bone marrow biopsy, a gold standard for the diagnosis of these pathologies. Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy anxiety is common, which increases pain and makes it a traumatic experience. Pharmacological strategies have not been entirely effective when it comes to pain management, so other solutions such as psychological interventions have been sought (psychoeducation, mindfulness and distraction techniques such as music therapy, self-directions, breathing techniques and relaxation use of virtual reality and mobile applications). Psychological interventions have been shown to be effective in managing pain and anxiety, however, for patients to have access to them, it is necessary to include the psychologist as part of the multidisciplinary team during the performance of these procedures.

La infección por el nuevo SARS-CoV 2 se ha convertido en el mayor problema de salud pública mundial desde la aparición de la enfermedad en 2019 en China; A partir de ese momento, la comunidad médica y científica se ha enfocado en describir los mecanismos fisiopatológicos de la infección para ofrecer mejores alternativas de tratamiento a los pacientes y hacer pronósticos de la infección, sin embargo, se deben considerar las regiones anatómicas donde infecta el virus. El objetivo de esta revisión es describir los sitios de colonización del virus, los mecanismos subyacentes de lesión en órganos y sistemas, y las consecuencias provocadas por la infección. Para esta investigación se realizó una búsqueda de la literatura más reciente sobre el COVID-19 y su asociación con el receptor ACE-2.

Analyse the evidence provided regarding neonatal and obstetric complications derived from gestational diabetes. A systematic search of the scientific literature, PUBMED, ScienceDirect was carried out with various search strategies guaranteeing the completeness and reproducibility of the phases of the PRISMA guide. 13 studies were included, 10 simultaneously evaluated obstetric and neonatal complications, the rest (3) evaluated only neonatal complications. The prevalence of GDM (gestational diabetes mellitus) was 12.5% (65,852 of 527,351) Obstetric complications include: emergency caesarean section (OR 1.1 to 2.37), preeclampsia with an OR range of 1.1 to 2.96, and prematurity (OR 1.1 to 2.3). The most frequent neonatal complications are: macrosomia with an OR range of 1.2 to 5.2, with a prevalence of 10.3%; while hypoglycaemia is the one with the highest risk (OR 3.19-11.97), other complications include greater height for gestational age OR 1.3 to 3.43; perinatal asphyxia (OR 1.2-3.4); shoulder dystocia (OR 1.3-2.56); respiratory distress (OR 1.3-2) and hyperbilirubinemia (OR 1.02-1.39). No increased risk of perinatal death was found, the reported OR range is 0.7-0.8. Both obstetric and neonatal gestational diabetes complications are very prevalent and may require intensive care, being a highly relevant public health problem. Although an efficient screen for the early detection of gestational diabetes has been established, greater efforts are required to comply with it and to avoid these complications.  

During the last years, indole has been the subject of study, this is chemically defined as an aromatic bicyclic heterocycle, from the synthesis of tryptophan after its degradation by tryptophanase (TnaA); in turn has been implicated as a signalling molecule used by several bacteria to establish multiple behaviours. Most studies have focused mainly on Escherichia coli (E. coli), which produces a small amount of indole during the transition from exponential to stationary phase. According to the literature review, indole plays a fundamental role in many bacterial processes, mainly: biofilm formation, virulence, acid resistance, antibiotic resistance and persistent cell formation; the concentrations of this molecule play an important role in regulating these mechanisms; on this basis, indole could control undesired bacterial physiological processes, offering us a new therapeutic alternative to different behaviours of microorganisms. The objective of this bibliographic review is to expand the area of knowledge about indole as a regulator of diverse bacterial mechanisms, and thus motivate further research on this molecule and its therapeutic use.

Gastrointestinal damage is generated by a wide range of harmful agents, and is the result of the activation of inflammatory, oxidant and cytotoxic mechanisms, that together overwhelm the “mucosa defense” of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. It is currently known that the mechanisms by which gastric damage is generated are slightly different from those that generate intestinal damage. The treatments available on the market such as citoprotectors, the use of selective Ciclooxigenase 2 (COX-2) inhibitors, the co-prescription of acid suppressive agents and the use of prostaglandin analogues are mainly focused on the mechanisms of gastric damage, and their use has begun to be limited due to its adverse effects at intestinal and cardiovascular level.  Due to its multifactorial origin, the prevention and treatment of GI damage requires effective therapies that can protect both gastric and intestinal level modulating more than one mechanism. Recently, has been reported the contribution of gaseous mediators nitric oxide (NO), hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and carbon monoxide (CO) in many physiological processes in the gastrointestinal tract, including the maintenance of GI mucosal barrier integrity. Experimental evidence has shown promising results regarding the gastric safety of these gasotransmitters, especially those coupled to NSAIDs. This review will try to give a general overview of the mechanisms of gastric and intestinal damage, their main differences, the existing therapies for their treatment and the information available on gas transmitters with a brief description of roles of each of these gaseous molecules.

Osteomas are benign slow growing osteogenic tumors mostly arising in the craniofacial region and characterized by the deposition of differentiated and mature either or both cancellous and compact bone. Osteoma accounts for 2-3% of all bone primary tumors with an incidence of 10-12% among all benign skeletal neoplasms. Objective: The objective of this work is to describe a clinical case of an osteoma in the temporomandibular joint diagnosed in the maxillofacial surgery service of the General Hospital of Pachuca in the State of Hidalgo, Mexico. Clinical Case: A 39-year-old female patient who comes to the General Hospital Pachuca, Mexico due to pain and noises in the right preauricular region of 6 years of evolution, with facial asymmetry, mandibular deviation to the left and limited mouth opening. Clinically, facial asymmetry, mandibular deviation to the left, right posterior crossbite, anterior open bite mainly on the affected side, preauricular pain, joint sounds, and limitation of mandibular movements were observed. Radiographic examination revealed a trapezoidal mass measuring 2.5 by 2.0 cm, with alteration of the condyle-mandible anatomy on the right side. An insertional biopsy is performed, reporting an osteoma, and surgical intervention is continued. Conclusion: The osteoma in the temporomandibular joint is a rare lesion, its timely value is essential for its treatment. Surgical resection is the gold standard treatment, which is based on a radical excision that extends to the altered normal bone, with the contextual objective of achieving an optimal aesthetic result by choosing the least invasive surgical treatment possible.

Introduction: Trans people represent a vulnerable group, and their health conditions are poorly understood. A trans woman is a person who at birth has the biological sex of a man, but identifies and expresses herself as feminine. Objectives: to evaluate bone mineral density (BMD) and its associations with health habits and body composition in Mexican trans women (TW). Material and methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out with a convenience sample of thirty trans women, residents of Toluca City, Mexico. Bone mineral density (BMD) was evaluated by densitometry (DXA) and body composition by electrical bio-impedance, using reference values for Mexican-American men. A questionnaire on socio-demographic characteristics, physical activity, health-related habits, and use of gender-affirmative hormone therapy was applied. Results: The mean age of the participants was 28 years (SD = 6.9); 20% of the participants had low BMD. Low socioeconomic status was related to lower BMD in the hip (p = 0.043). The trans women with heavier bodies had a higher BMD in the spine (for weight, p= 0.004; for fat mass, p = 0.047; for fat-free mass, p = 0.004); furthermore, fat-free mass was associated with higher BMD in the hip (p = 0.050). No statistically significant relationships were found with other variables. Conclusions: Trans women had low BMD, which was associated with socioeconomic status and body composition. The findings suggest that trans women represent a vulnerable group and require the design of strategies oriented to health and nutrition problems.

The main problem of type II diabetes is that excessive levels of glucose in the blood damage the vascular endothelium causing complications, such as periodontal disease (PD) that, in people with diabetes, can compromise the patient's ability to maintain normal function. adequate metabolic control. Therefore, it is important to analyse the effect of PD status on complications in patients with type II diabetes; Previous studies have reported that there is a bidirectional relationship between PD and diabetic complications, but it has not been clarified whether PD affects the presence of complications such as diabetic retinopathy (DR). DR is a microvascular complication and is considered the main cause of visual loss worldwide, similarly, periodontitis is a microvascular chronic inflammatory condition that compromises the dental support tissues. This article was prepared as an update for health professionals and also to analyse PE and how it is related to the presence of DR. Based on the literature, we can conclude that the number of teeth is an independent risk factor for DR, greater bleeding on probing could affect the presence of DR, and that patients with DR seem to show greater susceptibility to PD. The bibliography also mentions that more studies should be carried out with large samples, adequate models that adjust confounding variables such as obesity, hypertension, other chronic-degenerative diseases, use of substances such as alcohol or cigarettes, also carrying out prospective analyses of the conditions of periodontitis and DR.

At the end of December 2019, the outbreak of coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) emerged in the city of Wuhan, China, due to the rapid spread of the disease, in March 2020 a pandemic was declared by the World Health Organization and the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses. As the COVID-19 disease ravages the world, a high rate of infection and mortality has been evidenced in a short time. To reduce the spread of COVID-19, governments have introduced prevention policies, such as lockdowns and social distancing, among others. This resulted in potential psychosocial changes that affected many aspects of daily life, including how to die and cope with the death of a loved one, with limited opportunities to shape funeral rituals and difficulty receiving support. Social. A large number of people who died alone due to these policies, in turn the relatives experienced situations of impotence and frustration, since they were limited in the care of their loved one, in visits to the hospital and even could not say goodbye. The objective of this article is to provide various strategies compiled in documents that help to deal with grief in people who had the loss of a loved one in times of pandemic, among which communication and psychological and social support stand out.

The COVID-19 pandemic has affected the entire population worldwide, defined by the World Health Organization as an "infectious disease" caused by a new SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus, which has managed to spread unexpectedly, causing high morbidity and mortality rates and negatively impacting multiple aspects of human life, not only physical health but also mental health; In this regard, psychosocial factors such as fear, depression, stress and anxiety are common manifestations in any situation that puts the life of the individual at risk, since, according to the National Survey of Mental Health, 18% of the population between 15 and 64 years of age suffers from some mood disorder. In view of this, the objective of this article is to carry out a literature review on the affectations that the world population has suffered as a response to the COVID-19 pandemic, specifically, on fear, which is an experience that produces an unstable emotional effect derived from the valuation of a potentially dangerous situation and that one has no control over it, as well as on its affectations that the world population has suffered as a response to the COVID-19 pandemic.