Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

En tiempo de crisis económica y social el rol de las organizaciones sociales tiende a cobrar renovada centralidad. Se trata de un universo heterogéneo cuya regularidad es actuar mancomunadamente en la construcción  de respuestas en torno a demandas y reivindicaciones de diferente orden y escala, especialmente allí donde las políticas de Estado muestran sus limitaciones. Dentro de este amplio espectro organizativo, los movimientos sociales -desde la crisis de fin de siglo- emergen como un actor político que, en  articulación -explícita o no- con los programas públicos, han definido un lugar de trabajo cotidiano y sostenido con la población más vulnerable. Desde allí, también, desarrollaron  su estrategia de poder político, de incidencia y progresiva institucionalización, a partir de la ocupación de lugares de acción gubernamental y/o representación partidaria. El proceso de progresiva institucionalización de los movimientos sociales no es exclusivo de Argentina, sino que tiene manifestaciones comparables en varios países de nuestra región. Estos cambios  merecen  una revisión de las  conceptualizaciones clásicas sobre la configuración de la organización popular y su papel en el desempeño de los gobiernos que buscan retomar la agenda del bienestar sobre la base de la distribución de la riqueza.  En este número 12 de Cuestión Urbana nos interrogamos acerca de los factores que motivan las participación popular en las políticas públicas, el tipo de gestión que surge en la colaboración entre los movimientos sociales y el Estado, como así también los conflictos, las negociaciones y el poder transformador de este actor, que llegó para quedarse, mantiene en este contexto.

A dwelling must meet minimum conditions for thermal comfort for the user to per-form their tasks: rest and housework. As well as, have lower energy consumption during its life cycle. In this context, this article aims evaluate and classify the enve-lope of low-income houses in the city of Maringá/PR, Sarandi/PR and Paiçandu/PR, through the prescriptive method described in Volume 4 Manual de Etiquetagem em Edificações - Procel Edifica (2013) and verify some architectural elements for the thermal performance of the building considering the performance standard NBR 15575: 2021. The results showed that the types studied, for the three cities presented minimum standards of thermal performance limited by rule NBR 15575: 2021, and feature classification level C, on a scale of A to E of the labeling process in buildings. The NBR 15575: 2021 points inefficiency of the areas of openings for ventilation and natural lighting of architectural typologies study. Constructive adjustments on the facades, such as adjustable mechanisms for protection against sunlight in the gaps and use of lighter color on the roof improve the energy performance of their envelope.

This paper aims to investigate the perception that exists about the adequacy of the use of BIM authoring tools for the early stages of design of architectural projects. The research is based on the analysis of theoretical reflections on the creative process and its relations with digital design processes, followed by a more specific focus on the use of BIM. It also proposes an exploratory investigation in the context of the architecture market of Belo Horizonte (MG) by means of semi-structured interviews with expert users of BIM, analyzing the main issues raised in theoretical research: the protagonism of sketches and the limits and possibilities of exploration of BIM tools for conception.

This paper it aims to discuss the stylistic unit confered, by Germain Bazin, in 1950 decade, to the franciscan convents in the northestern Brasil, built during colonial period. For that, they were developed the bibliographic and documentary review, and studies about the case with the comparative analysis of two these convents in matter: Santo Antônio (or São Francisco) from Paraguaçu in the municipality of Ca-choeira; and Santo Antônio Convent in Cairu, both in the state of Ba-hia. Their facades reflect similarities and their frontspices refer to a leyout of the same architectural composition, although they have diferente plants. In addition numerous and renowned scholars wrote about those convents, but the documental gap did not help in identifying the authors of their projects, and the dates of their origins are unclear in the bibliography found. Theories have been launched about the construction of the franciscan convent, but without proof. So, it was not possible to determine the relationship between the studied buildings however visibly observable. So, the conclusions can hardly be finalized, but the questions leave open ways for new researchs.

The present text studies the role of fabrics as architectural devices during the so-called “purist” phase of the architect Charles-Edouard Jeanneret-Gris, better known as Le Corbusier, in the 1920s and in some of the projects of the following decade. If rugs gained attention during this period, the same did not happen with other types of textiles. Absent in the texts, they appeared discreetly, in the corners of the images – photos, graphic pieces and sketches. Its tracking allows us to understand the modalities of tissue use: for internal spatial modulation; in the outdoor room, suggesting architectural formations (ceilings, walls, windows), and for solar control of the built envelope, in many things “paper architectures”, viable only in the drawings. The fabrics were exchanged for other devices to perform the same functions, more in line with the poetic expression of the architect. Discreet as they are, the fabrics planned or adopted in this period are subtle but unmistakable signs of his spatial experiments and the vicissitudes of his search for space, light and clarity.

The increase in complexity in engineering projects has brought the need to use new methods of teaching projects in civil engineering courses. With the technological development and the evolution of the forms of representation and study of engineering projects, it became possible to use new tools for project visualization, among which, the Augmented Reality (AR). This study aimed to carry out a systematic review of the literature on the use of AR as a tool to help design teaching in the civil engineering course. The identification of articles was performed in eight databases, resulting in 1,300 articles. After applying the eligibility criteria, only seven articles were included in the study. The research showed that despite the use of AR has great potential for impact on teaching civil engineering design, this technology is still little used in the classroom, requiring improvement of software and equipment. Furthermore, the present systematic review indicates possibilities of use and limitations of AR, becoming a basis to help structure future research applied in the area.

Editorial.

Inadequate urban planning associated with the accelerated process of urbanization have caused a reduction in environmental quality, with areas increasingly densified and lacking public open spaces for leisure and recreation. In view of this, this paper aims to perform an analysis at the urban scale having as spatial cutout the Downtown Neighborhood of Santa Maria/RS - Brazil, from the perspective of landscape ecology to identify the process and characterization of the urbanization of the central area of the city and observe how the remaining free spaces intralots behave in the densified population network. The methodology adopted has as main point the application of Landscape Ecology concepts in the process of identification and characterization of the landscape - System of Free Space (SELs) intralots. The results obtained show that more than half the area of the Centro neighborhood is occupied by buildings, and in relation to intralot free spaces, 34.8% are private and 14.5% public, and of these, 12.1% constitute the road system, that is, only 2.4% compose public spaces for leisure and recreation. These results reinforce the lack in the municipal Master Plan regarding an urban planning that includes SELs in its guidelines and encourages the preservation of green spaces and the landscape as a whole.

Visual communication is fundamental for the identity of many organizations and an important component of architecture. Places such as stores, hospitals, museums and airports, for example, need visual communication to clarify their operation to the user. This article presents and discusses this relationship between visual communication and environment based on Environmental Graphic Design, a discipline structured by the convergence of communication, graphic design and architecture, which deals with organizing the message in the built space. For this, it rescues definitions and presents the three most widely developed approaches in design: Placemaking Design, Wayfinding Design and Interpretative Design. Through examples, the article discusses visual communication in different contexts of architecture and then proposes links to the architect in this area. Finally, it suggests how to develop skills for the practice of projects of this nature.

This research seeks to determine the relationship between the perception of the development of the avocado agro-export sector in the Ica region according to company size after the Peru-China Free Trade Agreement came into force. The type of study was quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional and correlational in scope. The probability sample consisted of 73 avocado producers and agro-exporting companies in the Ica region. A structured questionnaire was applied in three dimensions: productivity, quality and price. The chi-square test was used to test the relationship between the variables. The perception of productivity, quality and price in the avocado agro-export sector and firm size showed a low correlation in each of them. The overall p-value was not less than 0.05 for the chi-square test. Company size is not correlated with the perception of the development of the avocado agro-export sector in the Ica region after the Peru-China FTA.