Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Introducción.  El embarazo es una etapa de gran importancia en la vida de las mujeres, sin embargo, cuando una mujer es diagnosticada con VIH, el embarazo puede convertirse en un momento de gran incertidumbre y preocupación. Objetivo.   El presente trabajo busca demostrar los resultados obtenidos de los relatos de las mujeres embarazadas diagnosticadas con VIH en el centro de salud José Luis Tamayo “Muey”. Metodología. El trabajo adopta un enfoque cualitativo lo que profundiza el análisis de los fenómenos, se establecieron criterios de inclusión para garantizar la objetividad y relevancia del estudio, como ser embarazadas, tener un diagnóstico de VIH y tener la mayoría de edad, así como la aplicación de un software de análisis cualitativo Atlas ti versión 9. Resultados. Se evidenciaron las experiencias de mujeres gestantes diagnosticadas con VIH por medio de entrevistas a profundidad para identificar de forma cualitativa las situaciones experimentadas por estos grupos vulnerables. Conclusión.  Finalmente, se obtiene del análisis de las respuestas de las madres con VIH que se encuentran en gestación muestra que el embarazo con VIH puede ser una experiencia muy difícil, ya que estas mujeres enfrentan diversos desafíos emocionales y de salud. Área de estudio: enfermería.

Introducción: los AINE se definen como antiinflamatorios no esteroideos, que representan un grupo farmacológico químico de tipo heterogéneo. Es usado en el tratamiento contra la COVID-19 en pacientes con sintomatología leve o moderada. Objetivo: analizar el uso de antiinflamatorios no esteroideos en el tratamiento de las manifestaciones clínicas presentadas en pacientes con SARS-CoV-2, además evidenciar cuales son los AINE más frecuentes, de igual manera que dosis pueden generar daño y si estas pueden causar morbilidades. Metodología: se efectuó una recopilación bibliográfica para concertar datos relacionados a pacientes que consumen AINE y la presumible decadencia de sus síntomas, retención de líquidos problemas renales, problemas cardíacos tras el consumo de estos fármacos. Resultados: Se debe señalar al ibuprofeno (58.6 %) y el aceclofenaco (2.7%), como las opciones orales más usadas para el procedimiento paliativo de la COVID-19. La dosis estandarizada utilizada en el tratamiento de pacientes con la COVID-19, es de 400 mg cada 6 a 8 horas.  Conclusión: los AINE suelen usarse en pacientes con la COVID-19, pero en ciertos hospitales recomienda a los proveedores de primera línea que realicen una evaluación en el uso. Es importante conocer los síntomas que este cursando el paciente para poder evitar el uso de los AINE. Área de estudio específica: Farmacología.

Introduction: Avian Influenza is a disease of high health impact in the poultry industry due to pathogenicity in poultry and wild birds in Africa, Asia, Europe, and North America, recently the disease has entered new countries in Central and South America. For the first time, Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Honduras, Panama, Peru, Venezuela, and Chile. This disease is a global threat to animal health and food safety. Although avian influenza affects domestic and wild birds, it can occasionally be transmitted to humans. To date, naturally occurring highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses that cause acute clinical illness in economically important chickens, turkeys and other birds have been associated only with H5 and H7 subtypes. Objectives: to understand the nature, ecology, evolution, and impact of this disease on the poultry industry. Methodology: bibliographic review of literature seeks to gather and summarize scientific, updated, and specific information about the sanitary situation on avian influenza in Ecuador. Results:  the Avian Influenza Type A virus persists in Latin America since 2001, even before, to date, its arrival in the continent is currently a subject of discussion; it is presumed that the main route of entry is through the transboundary movement of live birds, either by natural migration or by legal or illegal trade. Conclusions: the current health situation of avian influenza in Ecuador is controlled, the impact that this disease has caused has not been as high as in other Latin American countries. General area of study: Veterinary Medicine. Specific area of study: Infectious Diseases.

Introduction: Due to its high nutritional composition, goat milk is a food source; however, when obtained by manual or mechanical milking, there is an elevated possibility of contamination by microorganisms harmful to health, as in the case of Staphylococcus aureus. Objective: To determine the frequency of Staphylococcus aureus in goat milk sold in markets in Cuenca - Ecuador. Methodology: Descriptive observational and cross-sectional study. A non-probabilistic convenience sampling was conducted to obtain sixty samples of raw goat milk. Results: Of the sixty samples collected, a frequency of Staphylococcus aureus of 65.0% was determined, showing the presence of these bacteria in raw goat milk. Conclusion: The frequency of Staphylococcus aureus was found in samples obtained from raw goat milk sold by street vendors, due to poor hygiene and poor milking procedures.

Through the analysis of the isotopic values of the diets (d13Ccollagen, d13Capatite, d13C and d15N), and discriminant functions based on them, the impact of agricultural practices in different archaeological units of the northeast of Argentina is analysed. The results show a moderate consumption of maize in the individuals recovered in the Itararé-Taquara sites of the province of Misiones, as well as in the samples from the Guarani sites of the latter province and of Buenos Aires. Among complex hunter-gatherers of the middle and lower the Paraná River (Entre Ríos and Buenos Aires provinces), maize was not detected at the population level, while the consumption of C3 plants was highly variable. In those individuals recovered from sites traditionally defined as Goya-Malabrigo, the diets had a very small component of C3 plants, some of which could eventually be cultivated; however, their incidence in the diet was absolutely marginal. In individuals from the Plain Pottery Cluster, maize consumption is also undetectable in population terms, although a few individuals show a slight enrichment in bioapatite related to a lower consumption of C4 resources. However, it is not certain that this corresponds to the intake of maize. The C3 plant component among these individuals is higher in relation to those from the Goya-Malabrigo sites, reflecting the consumption of wild plants and eventually, a small fraction that could have been cultivated. Finally, the samples from the Incised Pottery Cluster present the highest intake of C3 plants of all the local pre-Columbian populations, which couldbe both wild and cultivated. This group also includes an individual with isotopic signals indistinguishable from moderate consumption of maize and indeterminate C3 plants, whose direct dating of 1360 ± 70 years 14C BP, would indicate the oldest effective incorporation of this cereal into the diet.

Through the analysis of the isotopic values of the diets (d13Ccollagen, d13Capatite, d13C and d15N), and discriminant functions based on them, the impact of agricultural practices in different archaeological units of the northeast of Argentina is analysed. The results show a moderate consumption of maize in the individuals recovered in the Itararé-Taquara sites of the province of Misiones, as well as in the samples from the Guarani sites of the latter province and of Buenos Aires. Among complex hunter-gatherers of the middle and lower the Paraná River (Entre Ríos and Buenos Aires provinces), maize was not detected at the population level, while the consumption of C3 plants was highly variable. In those individuals recovered from sites traditionally defined as Goya-Malabrigo, the diets had a very small component of C3 plants, some of which could eventually be cultivated; however, their incidence in the diet was absolutely marginal. In individuals from the Plain Pottery Cluster, maize consumption is also undetectable in population terms, although a few individuals show a slight enrichment in bioapatite related to a lower consumption of C4 resources. However, it is not certain that this corresponds to the intake of maize. The C3 plant component among these individuals is higher in relation to those from the Goya-Malabrigo sites, reflecting the consumption of wild plants and eventually, a small fraction that could have been cultivated. Finally, the samples from the Incised Pottery Cluster present the highest intake of C3 plants of all the local pre-Columbian populations, which couldbe both wild and cultivated. This group also includes an individual with isotopic signals indistinguishable from moderate consumption of maize and indeterminate C3 plants, whose direct dating of 1360 ± 70 years 14C BP, would indicate the oldest effective incorporation of this cereal into the diet.

Visual literacy is a set of skills that enable an individual to employ visual resources effectively. These are essential to face today society’s challenges, where image predominates in the exchange of information. The objective of this work was to determine how visual literacy is related to teacher training, and to specify what proposals have been developed. To this end, a systematic review was carried out, considering the guidelines of PRISMA 2020 declaration. In this process, a search string was used in five databases, and eligibility criteria were applied, to assess the relevance of the articles; those relevant were selected and included. The results show that when teachers are trained in visual literacy, they acquire visual skills for daily life, and they promote changes within their educational practices with the intention of improving the quality of teaching. Most of the proposals that were found promote ways to visually train teachers using the arts field.

Professionals in the educational field are exposed to developing symptoms related to burnout syndrome, considering the imbalance that occurs when exposed to complex situations with a high degree of emotional responsibility. Therefore, the objective is to analyze the correlation of intrapersonal skills and burnout dimensions to identify intrapersonal skills with greater relevance in the prediction of burnout in Primary Education teachers belonging to District 22D01 Joya de los Sachas. This process is developed from the implementation of Maslach Burnout Inventory, that measures levels of burnout, and Emotional Competencies Questionnaire, that facilitates analysis of intrapersonal skills. Based on the results of correlation and multiple regression analysis, it is recognized that intrapersonal skills, specifically the emotional autonomy, perform as a regulation mechanism for burnout syndrome.

In Ecuador, during the COVID-19 pandemic, education suffered a shift headed to remote means of communication. Suburban sectors experienced a change to virtual means and faced a new teaching model. This study collects the experiences of students, teachers, and families in the suburban-rural area in the context of the pandemic, from 2020 to 2022. The research is based on critical pedagogy to characterize the context and uses of phenomenological paradigm, through in-depth interviews to collect the testimony of those involved. As part of the conclusions, limitations on Internet access, lack of technological equipment, migratory origin of the families and precarious economic situation were revealed. These findings point to dispositions from the education system, which did not provide technical, logistical, or curricular support for the adequate continuity of educational process in this sector.

This article presents an innovative research on the development of tutorials linked to students needs and interests. This article objective is to improve the literacy processes of third year students of Daniel Muñoz Serrano school, this because notorious difficulties in this area and because of reinforcement activities consisting on repeating writing exercises. Methodology applied was based on a qualitative approach, which implies a socio-critical paradigm and participant action research. Instruments collection used were interview, rubric, and survey applied to students, legal representatives, and classroom teacher. The results showed that after applying tutorials with concrete materials and creative, interesting, and playful activities, it was possible to reinforce the students’ literacy and enhance their skills level. An additional finding, granted by personalized attention, was the capacity to provided inclusive education.