Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Presentamos información sobre el estado actual del Flamenco Andino (Phoenicoparrus andinus), basado en una revisión bibliográfica minuciosa, acceso a bases de datos y observaciones en campo. Abordamos aspectos sobre la distribución, su hábitat, su población, sus movimientos, su dieta, las amenazas y el estado de conservación de esta rara especie. Confirmamos su presencia en los Andes del sur de Perú con vistas esporádicas en la costa. Los hábitats principales son los salares puneños y altoandinos, y en algunos casos humedales ubicados en tierras más bajas y que son influenciados por las rápidas fluctuaciones del recurso hídrico. La población censada desde 1997 parece ser estable en verano, pero con eventuales fluctuaciones de miles de flamencos durante el invierno. Sus desplazamientos, hacia el territorio peruano, son desde sus sitios de reproducción en Chile y Bolivia, sin ninguna relación con algún patrón migratorio, ni con la estacionalidad, ni la edad de las aves y con la preferencia de hábitat en particular. En uno de sus principales sitios de congregación se ha encontrado información reciente sobre los potenciales ítems de alimentos, lo que sugiere que la presencia de la especie se debería a la disponibilidad y calidad de estos. El Flamenco Andino se encuentra amenazado principalmente por la modificación de hábitat y por actividades humanas relacionadas con el uso del recurso hídrico. Finalmente, el estado de su conservación y los esfuerzos realizados son aún insuficientes y requieren mayor y especial atención para preservar la especie y sus principales hábitats en el Perú.

The objective of this multidisciplinary interpretive research was to identify the motivations by which the national resident and tourists have a tendency to consume “rock oysters” Crassostrea iridescens (Hanley, 1854) during their daily lives or their stay in the port of Mazatlán, Mexico. The typical Mazatleca cuisine is of great interest, preferably for the consumer and generates a source of economic income for its residents. In Mazatlán, Sinaloa there is the custom of some coastal regional cuisines such as fish ceviche, the consumption of raw shellfish such as the oyster C. iridescens and aguachile (raw shrimp seasoned with lemon, salt, pepper, and serrano chili). An analysis of the sociocultural scenario and the consumer's interest in eating rock oysters was carried out. The relationship between the regional and tourist traditional food was highlighted in these questions: i) if there is a consumption preference between genders (male-female), ii) if the oyster is recognized as a nutritious food, or iii) if there are other sociocultural motivations (i.e. aphrodisiac) and iv) if they are aware of the existing public health risks. 60 surveys were applied, 30 (men) and 30 (women) on the beach when consuming oysters, in the so-called improvised “carretas”, this research was supported by interviews employing key actors such as anglers who sell their products locally. An analysis of consumer eating behavior was carried out, the findings of which provided regional elements where the results show that men and women consume oysters in the same way. With the present work, a multidisciplinary interpretative perspective is obtained on this species of marine mollusk of great commercial value in the port of Mazatlan.

The identity of a territory is built day by day and is reflected through its history via the expression of culture and language. Therefore, linguistic-cultural preservation represents a pillar of the nation's own identity. However, facts coexist contrary to good cultural policies that protect the native and national identity: the invasion and dissemination of globalized foreign cultures and a polluting lexicon for Spanish. Other ―ungrammatical― linguistic phenomena are added, supported by a certain “fashionable stereotyped language”. Unfortunately, great responsibility for this falls on the mass media, where professionals who use this type of language that permeates and echoes in social work; it is observed, even, in the scientific, and academic language used by teachers. This can be confirmed orally and in documents written by professors from the Villa Clara University of Medical Sciences, Cuba. Consequently, to face and reverse this situation, the present study was carried out, whose objective is to defend the norms and principles of the language for the preservation of linguistic identity in the academy. Methodologically, it constitutes a qualitative, descriptive, and synchronous study, which covers from 2019 to the first semester of 2022. The textual sample was made up of 12 papers belonging to professors of different specialties belonging to the aforementioned university. Significant data taken from orality was also recorded. The theoretical analysis-synthesis and induction-deduction methods were used, as they were significant in the process; in addition to the empirical methods of observation and documentary review to discover and accumulate the necessary data. An essential aspect was the systematic observation and recording of the language used by professionals who carry out their work in different mass media. In the results, 216 facts were collected that constitute insufficiencies in the language of the university students participating in the research ―138 of them fall on the orality (63%), while 78, on the writing (36%)―. This is because oral language is spontaneous, fast, and situational, while writing is more exposed to revision and correction. An unavoidable conclusion: in the phenomena shown, it is verified how permeated the deficiencies are in the language of these teachers, as well as the influence exerted by the mass media on the events described.

Lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) is a vegetable that presents versatility in cultivation techniques. Currently, research related to the productive behavior of cultivars and the evaluation of pests and diseases are being conducted. To minimize the damage of phytophagous insects on the production of leafy vegetables, the use of sticky traps of different colors has been recommended. Therefore, the purpose of this work was to identify the insects associated with the lettuce (L. sativa) crop trapped based on the chromatic trap (yellow and blue), using Razecol 100® (agricultural adherent), during the period from September to October 2022, under the Vegetable Research and Social Projection Program of the Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina, Lima, Peru. 866 individuals distributed in six orders (Diptera, Hemiptera, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, Neuroptera and Hymenoptera) and nine families were collected. The beneficial predatory fly of the genus Condylostylus sp. (Diptera: Dolichopodidae), was dominant, with 314 specimens, and was also the most abundant in the vegetable production ecosystem. In four of the five temporary sampling units, specimens of the genus Agapostemon sp. (Hymenoptera: Halictidae) and the blue color was preferred by this genus. The efficiency of yellow and blue traps in the control of pests associated with lettuce was demonstrated.

The teaching-learning process in higher education should guide, orient and train students towards the acquisition of computer skills, in a society increasingly permeated by Information and Communication Technologies. The objective of the research is to propose a system of Virtual Practical Classes, for the study of the external and internal morphology of vertebrates that are studied as part of the Chordates Zoology program, in the Bachelor's Degree in Education. Biology, in the third year of the Regular Day Course, at the Central University "Marta Abreu" of Las Villas, Villa Clara, Cuba. The system is based on the Historical-Cultural Theory of L. S. Vigotsky and his followers. The information for the diagnosis is obtained from the application of different methods of information gathering and processing, such as surveys, interviews, observation and document review. In order to mitigate the difficulties detected, and with a view to using Information and Communication Technologies, the Virtual Practical Classes system is developed, whose contribution to the theory is given in its conception, where the interaction between the different activities that are proposed, allows fulfilling the social aspiration exposed in the professional's model and the objectives of the program related to the realization of practical activities. The system is submitted for evaluation to expert criteria and is implemented for the first time in the 2022 academic year with excellent results.

The monitoring of the oxidation ponds is a verification activity on the efficiency of the environmental treatment. The aim of the study was to determine the biodegradability coefficient in the Angostura-Limón and Yaurilla oxidation lagoons, Ica-Peru. From April to May 2022, a sampling of the influents and effluents was carried out, determining the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5,20 wastewater) and the chemical oxygen demand (COD). With the physical-chemical parameters, the relationship of the biodegradability quotient was established: CB = BOD5.20/ COD. In the Angostura-Limón oxidation pond, the concentrations in influents and effluents were: BOD5,20 = 315.0 and 308.1 mg·L-1; COD = 795.0 and 811.7 mg·L-1 while, in the Yaurilla oxidation lagoon they were: BOD5.20 = 268.8 and 303.6 mg·L-1; COD = 728.30 and 795.7 mg·L-1. The concentrations of BOD5,20 and COD exceeded the maximum permissible limit of Supreme Decree 004-2017 MINAM where values ​​of 15 mg·L-1 and 40 mg·L-1 are established (D1: vegetable risk). Statistically significant differences were found in the BC values: 0.396 and 0.369 for both oxidation lagoons where a biodegradability condition was shown (0.25 - 1.50). It is concluded that there were concentrations of contamination from the effluents before the concentrations of organic matter in the wastewater for the oxidation lagoons, despite the biodegradability condition of the effluents.

The aim of this study was to compare the techniques of indirect immunofluorescence (IFAT) and Enzimo inmunoensayo (ELISA) techniques for the diagnosis of Neospora caninum Dubey, Carpenter, Speer, Topper & Uggla, 1988 in alpacas from the highlands of Peru. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and concordance of IFAT were evaluated using a commercial competitive ELISA kit (cELISA - VMRD) as a reference. 1540 sera samples were collected from alpacas naturally exposed to N. caninum. The results showed good sensitivity (92.95%), high specificity (99.75%), positive predictive value of 92.90% and a negative predictive value of 99.04%. The concordance between both diagnostic techniques (IFAT and ELISA) turned out to be almost perfect (k = 0.98). It is concluded that the IFAT test has a high efficiency for the diagnosis of N. caninum in alpacas.

Cotton is a very demanding plant at a nutritional level; for this reason, it is necessary to carry out an effective application of fertilizers, standing out in recent times as those of organic origin. The main of this research was to evaluate, through a literature review, the importance of organic fertilization in the sustainable production of cotton cultivation. It was used in the study of 44 scientific documents from the Scielo, Redalyc, Latindex, and Scopus databases. The search for scientific manuscripts was comprised in the period between 2002 and 2022, using keywords in both Spanish and English: ¨cotton¨, ¨origin of cotton¨, ¨cotton distribution¨, ¨benefits and uses of cotton cultivation¨, ¨vegetative cycle of cotton¨, ¨cotton phenology¨, ¨effects of organic fertilization in cotton cultivation¨.¨nutritional requirements of cotton cultivation¨, ¨mineral and organic fertilization of cotton cultivation¨, ¨effects of organic fertilization on cotton production growth¨. The organic fertilization carried out in several studies has agreed that it is possible to produce cotton with fertilizers of organic origin (bovine manure, pig manure, guano, chicken manure, humus, etc.). In addition, the importance of the decrease in production costs and the contribution to the improvement of the physical properties of the soil by helping to retain more significant moisture due to the high concentration of organic matter.

This review article collects some of the main criticisms of nature conservation and contributes to the debate on its resignification in the light of biocultural rights to enrich its conceptual and operational framework expressed in the figure of protected areas. For this purpose, a bibliographic review is carried out complemented by the participation of the author in the process of updating the Master Plan of the System of Protected Areas of Peru.  The review and reflection conclude that until now a neoliberal conservation approach has predominated, which in practice produces a series of environmental, social, institutional, legal, political, and economic impacts given the complex nature of protected areas. All this situation is evident in explicit or latent conflicts between protected areas and indigenous peoples. To overcome the confrontation, it is necessary to resignify the conservation of nature and overcome polarized and exclusive visions of rights to adopt biocultural rights as a framework for intercultural dialogue, this implies recognizing the legitimate rights of indigenous peoples and at the same time the rights of nature in an interrelated way.  

This research analyzes a population of 1760 Hippocampus ingens Girard, 1858 dehydrated "seahorses", from a confiscation of illegal fishing in the north of the country from a Chinese vessel in 2016 and donated to the Ricardo Palma University, Lima. , Peru by the Ministry of Production (PRODUCE) of Peru according to delivery certificate No. 06-005565-2016, for research purposes. The morphological characteristics were analyzed and the morphometric parameters of this species were established. The sexual dimorphism ratio (1:1,32) was determined based on morphological characters such as the presence of an incubation pouch in males and its absence in females. Through the Pearson correlation analysis, it was established that there is direct proportionality between the weight that fluctuated between 0.53 and 5.37 g and the capture size between 56 and 219 mm, while the number of rings was established at 11 as an average in the trunk and tail range was from 31 to 41, observing a relationship between them. When making comparisons of the morphometric values, it was shown that the total length is independent of gender, so the differences between males and females were not significant. It is considered that the seahorses were captured and dehydrated before reaching their maximum development. The overexploitation and demand for this resource makes them vulnerable to depredation by illegal fishing, (VU) by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) and appendix II in the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Fauna and Wild Flora (CITES), declaring itself permanently closed. It is expected that this research will generate alternative solutions for its conservation such as the development of aquaculture and, knowing the population structure, predict its viability in the future to improve conservation efforts for this threatened species, fulfilling Sustainable Development Goal 14. (SDG) “Submarine life”.