Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

El objetivo del artículo es definir, modelar y concretizar el alma de un proyecto arquitectónico. Se describe un proceso de proyectación arquitectónica que se sintetiza en distintas etapas: análisis del contexto, reflexión sobre el habitar y necesidades del habitante, aproximación sobre el alma en general y en particular sobre el alma de un proyecto arquitectónico y su concretización con cuatro ejercicios pedagógicos. En esta trayectoria, el foco está puesto en la apertura de una posibilidad de clara referencia a lo largo del camino: “el alma del proyecto”, que se define como aquello que insufla aliento, fuerza y vida al proyecto, y desde lo inconmensurable actúa como un faro o guía a lo largo del proceso proyectual para, una vez terminada la fase mensurable, –donde se vinculan sentimiento y razón para materializar los proyectos–, se vuelva nuevamente alo inconmensurable: donde el alma del proyecto sigue latiendo.

Este proyecto surge a partir de la vinculación entre COSMOB (Italia) Laboratorio Pesaro (Italia), y la Licenciatura en Diseño Industrial, de la Facultad de Arquitectura en la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León (México), cuyo objetivo es desarrollar propuestas innovadoras de mobiliario público para exterior, con la aplicación de Monolite Ipergres, material cerámico patentado por dicha empresa y por la inquietud de diversificar el uso del mismo abordando otros entornos más allá de los tradicionales en los que se ha empleado comúnmente.Dicho proyecto se trabajó con un enfoque centrado en el material, a través de una investigación de corte cualitativo, por medio de una encuesta exploratoria para la primera fase de la investigación, las cuales arrojaron el enfoque del tema que se aborda: mobiliario urbano enfocado centrado en la movilidad, con un enfoque sustentable, el cual se logra por la tipología de este material; así como entrevistas, análisis deinformación y observación para conocer y establecer propuestas más viables, las cuales se trabajaron por medio del diseño analógico a partir del diseño biofílico, término que etimológicamente significa “amor por la vida”, pero es más que eso, en La hipótesis de la biofilia (1993), Kellert y Wilson se refieren a que la naturaleza tiene un vínculo directo con nuestro bienestar cognitivo, espiritual y emocional. Por lo que, Frattale toma comoinspiración estos patrones y el tipo de diseño para brindar un estímulo más interesante y cambiante a las ciudades que contribuya al bienestar humano, todo esto por medio de mobiliario urbano.

La vulnerabilidad se define como un estado de elevada exposición a determinados riesgos e incertidumbres, combinado con una capacidad disminuida para protegerse o defenderse de ellos y hacer frente a sus consecuencias negativas. A partir de la revisión teórico-conceptual sobre la vulnerabilidad, se implementa una metodología de análisis de indicadores sobre la vulnerabilidad socio-demográfica, la vulnerabilidad socio-económica y la vulnerabilidad socio-espacial, que contribuyan a delimitar áreas territoriales para identificar aspectos clave de vulnerabilidad urbana presentes en la ciudad de León, Guanajuato, México.

This article analyses the news consumption habits of young people in the Community of Madrid (Spain), their perception about them and the practices related to it. This is a relevant question, both for understanding the online behavior and for the effect it has on journalistic activity. Based on a statistically representative survey applied between June and July 2019, we obtained the point of view of 533 participants (17-24 years), and the influence of age and level of education is studied. The research confirms the low rate of news consumption of young people. In addition to the general presence of online consumption, incidental access is confirmed as a characteristic of this sector of the population, though it is influenced by age. It also explores the most preferred topics, the most prevalent ways of online news consumption, the procedures used to share them, and the practices related to verification. Finally, the importance of face-to-face communication in news consumption and the differences between consumption and trust in the means of accessing the news are observed.

Public procurement refers to the purchase and sale of goods, works or services that are sold by a public body financed like the university. Public procurement makes use of the money from taxes that had been collected and used to boost the economy and its growth. In public universities, the acquisition is for the development of infrastructure and other acquisitions at a time when the number of students is increasing. The comparison of the policies of each region of the EU, the United States and Latin America shows that the existing systems are mostly of several stages or procedures according to each country or region. As in the EU it is a basic policy on classification and general regulation established by the EU, followed by the country, the region and local entities, while in the US. UU. There is a federal regulation, state and local regulations of the body that is responsible for carrying out public procurement rules. In Latin American countries, we see that the rules are established by each country based on their governance structure. All these rules and regulations mean different impact and control for universities and these rules define the preparation of the budget and the policies that universities would have to follow in case they are financed with public funds. That said, the regulations and having a uniform regulation throughout the region help in promoting equal opportunities for growth unlike what happens in Latin American countries. The article analyzes the public procurement policies in the EU, USA. UU and Latin America, for the development of the research, the following collection instrument was worked on: Review and initial collection of information through the document analysis technique, addressing the aspects of public procurement policies and regulations in several countries.

This manuscript is based on the recognition of recreation in education, as a key element in the school environment; its objective is to establish the incidence of school recreation in the development of conditional physical capacities in 12 year-old adolescents of the "San José de Guaytacama" Educational Unit; with a documentary, field and quasi-experimental design; a mixed research approach was applied, two groups were used: one control group and one experimental group to which a pre-test and a post-test were applied to verify the results, the techniques for the collection of information were observation, survey, and application of physical tests; concluding that school recreation has a significant impact on the development of students' physical abilities, which determines that the research carried out demonstrated its validity with the statistical results, observing a reduction in the index of students with problems in the development of physical abilities. It is evidenced that school recreation is related to playful understanding, to pleasure after having performed the activity, thus extending the possibility of school recreation contributes to the development of general body coordination.

This study systematically analyzes the difficulties experienced in the migration from conventional work to telework. The research focused on the most important sub-sectors in the Ecuadorian economy, contextually examining the background of technological investment, the level of accessibility of the population, and the incorporation of ICTs into Ecuadorian organizational models. The data was linked to information generated by Ecuador's Ministry of Labor on the amount of telework currently operating in the country. Through a systematic review of the available literature, based on a mixed approach and with a level of descriptive study, it was possible to conclude that there are shortcomings in the incorporation of a telework model in Ecuador. With only 3.74% of the work force performing under the telework modality by July 2020 in the most important sub-sectors of the country, it is evident that these are not prepared to remain productive under the regulations of the new post-quarantine normality.

Summarizing the article, it can be understood that the variations illustrated in the academic budget models and their rules are all noteworthy and depend on the budget model used. Apart from this, there are some common problems that are common in all institutions, even if there are any; A different model is used for the budget. The article shows how the level of centralization or decentralization affects the budget model and how it affects the sources of funding and the budget process for each of the primary budget unit or  departments of the university. As shown in the article, the budget of any university must be determined by the priorities of the institution and the department. As this is one of the main obvious measures of success, this should be the one in which more work should be done. This is also the most important measure for the success of the budget development institution. The article also shows how it is important to identify the general sources of problems in the budget process, the sources of funds, and the sources of expenditures and their types. As mentioned, the process of centralization and decentralization is explained in detail in the article and its relation to the process of budgeting and its relative advantages and disadvantages. Critical decisions regarding the efficient planning of budget resources depend on the significant distance of the definition of the primary budget unit for each of the institution, its level of decentralization, the alignment of desired activities or goals with incentives and identification of the restrictions of the model used, even if it is a hybrid, centralized or decentralized model. All these decisions are important for the planning process of the budget system and the development of the priorities of the institutions and their budgets