Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

In this scientific article, the following didactic proposal is presented that implements critical commentary as a strategy for reading comprehension of stories in high school students in Nicaragua. For the development of said strategy, the use of educational virtual platforms that facilitate the educational process of students in their ability to understand stories will be incorporated. This study was developed from a problem identified during a diagnostic test that was implemented to ninth grade students of the Guardabarranco Public School. This investigative work is developed through a qualitative approach, using the survey as a data collection technique. The results obtained during the diagnosis revealed that the students presented deficiencies in the general comprehension of the story. In addition, it was found that the students surveyed showed little or no interest in reading stories in the classroom and at home. Due to this, it was decided to work on a strategy that implements critical commentary as a tool that facilitates reading comprehension of stories. The proposed reading comprehension strategy will be described where the critical commentary is implemented in a section, in addition, a didactic sequence will be exposed where the implementation of said strategy is systematized in a class session with the designated time. Finally, images and evidence of the tests carried out during the investigation will be exposed, detailing each of the components analyzed and facilitating the reader's understanding.

In the linguistic taboo, it is given the use of terms that include certain restrictions and prohibitions, seen as morally unacceptable behavior, activity or custom, imposed by a society or religion. There are different types of taboos, however, this is the one that concerns us, the decency taboo, it includes three aspects: sexual organs and erogenous zones, sexual relations and physiological functions of the body.  The present investigation focuses on the first of these and analyzes, from a sociolinguistic perspective, the lexicon used by the informants of the Plan de la Laguna de Apoyo Community, in the department of Masaya, since the influence of the social variables age and sex in the compiled lexicon, in order to carry out an exploratory approach to the linguistic phenomenon under study.  The survey technique was applied to 12 informants, and the results obtained showed that sex is determinant when referring to the erogenous zones of the body, for example, men responded more openly, and made use of a greater number of dysphemisms.  

This proposal is based on the application of drawing as a didactic strategy focused on improving the difficulties that autistic students present in the comprehension of poetic texts. The research design is qualitative, descriptive and socio-critical, applied to a sample of four autistic students. The strategy is developed through a didactic sequence of three sessions, a pretest and a posttest; fundamental instruments to evaluate the didactic strategy. Among the results, in the pretest they do not present any analysis regarding connotative mechanisms and the poem. Also, they have great difficulties in grammatical, lexical and orthographic aspects. During the didactic sequence, they do not explain the connotative mechanisms by describing the representative images of such elements, they add unrelated contextualization and present hesitations with polysemous words. However, interpretation, representation and linking improve when the drawing or image is used to decode that connotative meaning to a denotative one. As for the posttest, the students demonstrate a better analysis compared to that performed in the pretest. Finally, it is emphasized that this research is the result of the search for a more inclusive education for autistic people.  

That Rubén Darío is not in fashion, we know that. That their language has become cryptic and inaccessible, this we also know. That his poems of princesses, kings, elves and fairies after adolescence no longer excite or enchant us is more than evident in the bored faces of high school youth who are forced by their teachers to memorize and theatrically perform "A Margarita Debayle», «La sonatina» or «The motives of the wolf».  

El benemérito humorista Eduardo Aguirre Romero, autor de los magníficos libros, inter alia, Cine para caminar (2021); Blues de Cervantes (2018); Cervantes, enigma del humor (2017), prologado por el escritor Víctor Fuentes, acabó de dar a la estampa su obra maestra: Entrevista a Cervantes (2022), dedicada «con gratitud y afecto a la memoria del arquitecto Jesús Martínez del Cerro (1948-2022), constructor de los dos prototipos de la máquina de detectar falsos lectores del Quijote».

La lectura es una de las actividades universales más importantes del mundo, aunque no siempre se aborde como tal. Esta conlleva un proceso complejo que involucra la decodificación de mensajes a partir de los signos lingüísticos. En la actualidad, época de grandes avances tecnológicos y científicos, es una competencia que es requerida en todo momento y todo lugar, como lo refiere Adolfo Zárate (2012)

This paper offers an overview of the most general phonological and phonetic aspects of Waunana language found so far. It is an exploratory and revealing study of the phonetic and phonological properties. It does not intend to reach final conclusions, but only to propose a  description of the identified phenomena.  

¡Cuidado! Uno de ellos está detrás de ti.

El presente trabajo dirige su mirada a la acción de un organismo público estatal y provincial creado para privatizar la tierra comunera llamado IMTI (Instituto del Minifundio y de Tierras Indivisas) y que funcionó entre 1963 hasta 1998. Mediante el estudio de tres casos concretos de desamortización de propiedad colectiva, se enfatiza el proceso de fraccionamiento de la tierra antes indivisible y comunera en entidades de propiedad privada, por un lado, y la expulsión de comuneros que no cuadran en la tipología de nuevos propietarios, por el otro. En este sentido, la finalidad del presente trabajo es conocer el origen histórico y legal; y de los cambios y continuidades en relación a la configuración territorial seleccionada, en especial sobre los comuneros, quienes usaron jurídica y consuetudinariamente sus “derechos y acciones” provenientes de mercedes de tierras como interpretación del pasado mancomunado y como arma de defensa ante el avasallamiento del poder estatal provincial. The late confiscation of land grants in La Rioja.The case of the “Instituto del Minifundio y Tierra Indivisas” (IMTI) and the late confiscation of land grants (1963-1981)AbstractThis paper focuses on the actions of a state and provincial public agency created to privatize communal land called IMTI (Instituto del Minifundio y de Tierras Indivisas), which operated between 1963 and 1998. Through the study of three concrete cases of collective property disentailment, we emphasize the process of fractionation of the previously undivided and communal land into privately owned entities, on the one hand, and the expulsion of communal landowners who do not fit the typology of new owners, on the other. In this sense, the purpose of this paper is to know the historical and legal origin; and the changes and continuities in relation to the selected territorial configuration, especially on the communal owners, who used their legal and customary "derechos y acciones" from land grants as an interpretation of the common past and as a weapon of defense against the subjugation of the provincial state power.Keywords: confiscation, comuneros, La Rioja, 20th Century, Indian law

El trabajo representa el resultado del análisis de los Exámenes de Suficiencia de Lengua Española (ESLE), administrados a candidatos extranjeros no hispanohablantes que aspiran a ingresar a carreras de grado en la Universidad Nacional de La Rioja (UNLaR) entre los años 2012 y 2021. Constituye la síntesis de la primera etapa del proyecto de investigación: Análisis y nuevo diseño del Examen de Español como Lengua Extranjera estandarizado de la UNLaR, cuyo objetivo es construir un diseño actualizado y con cualidades más sólidas que los exámenes hasta aquí tomados. El estudio se realizó sobre las muestras administradas durante el período indicado, en el marco de las especificaciones establecidas en el Reglamento de ESLE, aprobado por Res. Nº 4035/11 HCS de la UNLaR y de las conceptualizaciones revisadas y acordadas sobre las cualidades de validez, fiabilidad, autenticidad y viabilidad, exigibles en la construcción y administración de los instrumentos de evaluación. Entre los resultados arrojados, en la muestra se observa la persistente búsqueda de la validez, sostenida principalmente en la autenticidad de las tareas y los textos, mientras que la fiabilidad y viabilidad son la respuesta a gestiones no planificadas en todas sus etapas. Para cerrar, se detallan los nuevos desafíos que implican la creación de un nuevo instrumento. Analisys of Spanish Proficiency Tests as an testing tooAbstractThis work shows the results of the analysis carried out on the Spanish Proficiency Tests taken to non-Spanish speaking foreign candidates aiming at entering the National University of La Rioja (UNLaR) in the period running from 2012 to 2022. This is a summary of the first stage of the investigation project entitled “UNLaR Standard Spanish as a Foreign Language Test Analysis and New Design” for the purpose of producing an updated test design of higher quality than the current ones.The survey was made on the samples provided during the above-mentioned period of time under the specifications given by the ESLE Regulations approved by Resolution N° 2849/11 HCS of the UNLaR as well as under the concepts of validity, reliability, authenticity and viability required in the design and administration of evaluative tools. Among the results obtained, the samples show a permanent search for validity mainly sustained on tasks and texts authenticity; while reliability and viability are the answers to non-planned handlings in all the stages. To sum up, the new challenges about the creation of a new testing tool are mentioned.Keywords: evaluation, proficiency, Spanish foreign language