Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Equine cutaneous pythiosis is caused by the oomycete Pythium insidiosum, which generally produces rapidly progressive granulomatous ulcerative lesions on the distal parts of the limbs and abdomen. It is a globally distributed disease with higher prevalence in tropical and subtropical regions. The objective of this case report was to describe granulomatous lesions with necrotic tissue and fibrinous-anginolous exudate in the palpebral region of the left eye caused by Pythium insidiosum in a quarter horse mare in the state of Veracruz, Mexico. The diagnosis was based on the clinical characteristics of the lesion and histopathology. Due to the extent of the lesions, surgical resection was performed in combination with immunotherapy. Treatment with immunotherapy proved to be an effective alternative to achieve complete resolution of the skin lesions.

Stress-induced hyperthermia is an acute response that occurs in the short term in individuals who are facing a stressful stimulus, considering that this response can provide significant information on stress degree. However, it is not yet clear whether the neurological pathway can be modified to the degree to which stress is perceived. Furthermore, there is not enough information as to how factors that modify perception stress degree act on stress-induced Hyperthermia. Besides, research indicates that the thermal response possibly has a greater cardiovascular influence by generating energy resource consumption. In the same way, the factors that induce this response have been questioned, since recent evidence indicates that social factors such as the presence of conspecifics attenuate the thermal response, but, when coexistence or some other action like parenting is prevented, the response is to the reverse. For this reason, the objective of this article was to analyze the neurobiology of stress-induced hyperthermia and its conceptual difference with infectious fever, as well as to integrate the factors that modulate it, analyzing recent scientific advances in stress-induced thermal response.

The effect of deslorelin acetate on reproductive response was evaluated in creole mares in the State of Michoacán. Ten mares were treated intramuscularly and distributed in a Control group (CG; n = 5) 1 ml of distilled water as a placebo and the experimental group (DG; n = 5) 1.5 mg of deslorelin acetate. When the follicle reached 35 mm in diameter, the mares were treated according to the assigned group. The ovarian activity was monitored every 24 h. The incidence (%) of anovulatory hemorrhagic follicles (HAFs), ovulation rate (%), follicular growth per day (mm), follicular diameter at ovulation (mm), and time to ovulation (h) were determined. The incidence of HAFs was higher (X2 = 3.83) in the CG than in DG (25.58% vs. 5.8%, respectively). The ovulation rate was higher (X2 = 4.76) in DG than in CG (94.11% vs. 74.41%, respectively). The hormone administration did not affect (p> 0.05) the follicular growth per day or the follicular diameter, still, ovulation occurred (p

This study is about the 1983 Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences (Gardner, 1983), in 2012 incorporates Spiritual Intelligence (SI or SQ) and demonstrates that it meets all the criteria that define each intelligence. The purpose of this research is to define the concept of Spiritual Intelligence and its competencies, and to elaborate and validate a measurement questionnaire. The concept and the basic competencies of Spiritual Intelligence have been defined through the systematic review of existing literature and the qualitative analysis of semi-structured interviews carried out with outstanding people representing different spiritualities. The sample consisted of 22 adults of different religions and spiritual currents, mostly belonging to the Association for Interreligious Dialogue of Madrid (ADIM). The ages of the interviewees are between 30 and 76 years old; the mean age was 51 years. The distribution by sex was eight women and fourteen men. The selection of the informants was made according to criteria of experience, position, responsibility, information, communication skills, availability and predisposition to the interview. The semi-structured interview was used and for the analysis, the Content Analysis method, defined by Krippendorff (1990). Once the interviews were transcribed and reviewed, they were transferred to the qualitative analysis computer program Atlas.Ti 7.0 in the analytical phase of the segmentation of the texts, coding and grouping into categories. In the phase of verification and contrast of the data obtained, a double triangulation of the same was carried out. In the first, coincidences were searched and, in the second, the information was analyzed looking for the differences between the transcripts and categories determined in the bibliographic review by means of triangulation in the analysis of the texts. The results show the high confluence of the data collected and allow to define the IES and determining their competences: consciousness, transcendence, love, forgiveness, freedom, pain-suffering, meaning, gratitude and effects. The conclusions are important because they can serve as the basis for the development of an assessment instrument for the SI.

This study is about the 1983 Howard Gardner's theory of multiple intelligences (Gardner, 1983), in 2012 incorporates Spiritual Intelligence (SI or SQ) and demonstrates that it meets all the criteria that define each intelligence. The qualitative study of Spiritual Intelligence (IES) made it possible to determine its competences: consciousness, transcendence, love, forgiveness, freedom, pain-suffering, meaning, gratitude and effects. After such identification a 68 questions Spiritual Intelligence Questionnaire (SIQ) was built and validated with Spanish population with a sample of 528 participants. Results show the reliability and content, construct and criteria validity. Unidimensionality of the questionnaire was tested as well as his prediction capacity. The conclusions are important at the intervention level because they allow the identification of key competencies to evaluate and develop SI through programs applied in different educational, social, and business environments.

Antecedentes y Objetivos: En los bosques tropicales la inundación estacional puede actuar como filtro ambiental afectando la supervivencia, el establecimiento y el crecimiento de las plántulas de especies arbóreas e influir en la estructura de las comunidades. Se simularon condiciones de inundación y sequía con el objetivo de evaluar su efecto como filtro ambiental sobre la supervivencia, crecimiento (longitud del tallo y número de hojas) y biomasa acumulada en plántulas de Brosimum alicastrum y Psidium sartorianum de la selva de Campeche, México. Métodos: Se estableció un experimento en condiciones de vivero con un diseño completamente al azar, con tres tratamientos (sequía, riego regular e inundación). Para cada tratamiento se utilizaron 45 plántulas de cada especie. Se evaluaron la supervivencia, altura y número de hojas de las plántulas al inicio del experimento y a intervalos de 30 días hasta su conclusión a los 120 días. Al finalizar, se cosecharon las plántulas y se midió la longitud de las raíces y la biomasa acumulada. Resultados clave: La inundación disminuyó la supervivencia de plántulas de B. alicastrum y no la de P. sartorianum, limitó la longitud del tallo, el número de hojas y la biomasa acumulada de ambas especies, pero no la biomasa de raíces de P. sartorianum. La supervivencia de las plántulas expuestas a sequía y riego regular no cambió y aumentó el crecimiento y biomasa acumulada. Conclusiones: Las respuestas de las especies contribuyeron a entender el papel del filtro ambiental en el establecimiento de las plántulas de especies arbóreas en los bajos de Calakmul, Campeche. La inundación estacional actúa como un filtro ambiental, elimina las plántulas de B. alicastrum en los bajos, mientras que esta especie predomina en áreas con suelos bien drenados como los lomeríos adyacentes a la zona inundada. Psidium sartorianum se adaptó a las condiciones de sequía e inundación, como se observa en su hábitat natural.

Antecedentes y Objetivos: El manejo forestal ocasiona cambios en la composición, estructura y funcionamiento del bosque. El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar la estructura de especies arbóreas en un periodo de 10 años en un bosque de Durango, México. Métodos: Los datos provienen de árboles con DAP mayor o igual a 7.5 cm (a una altura >1.3 m), ubicados en sitios permanentes que fueron evaluados en intervalos de cinco años (2007, 2012 y 2017). Se definieron tres estratos de altura para cada año de medición, bajo la metodología del índice de perfil vertical (A) de Pretzsch tomando en cuenta la altura mayor de cada medición. En cada estrato se evaluó la estructura a través del índice de valor de importancia (IVI), la diversidad alfa (α) con la riqueza de especies (S) y el índice de Shannon-Wiener (H’). Todas las variables dasométricas por estrato de cada medición se compararon con un ANOVA de un factor para determinar la existencia de diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre evaluaciones. Resultados clave: Aunque hubo un aumento en el área basal, el volumen y la cobertura de 2007 a 2017, este no fue estadísticamente significativo. Los estratos II y III presentaron el mayor aumento en el área basal y el volumen. La cobertura fue superior a 100%, presentando mejor contribución el estrato III. La composición de especies fue similar en las tres mediciones, siendo el estrato III el más diverso. Pinus durangensis fue la especie de mayor importancia ecológica en los estratos I y II, mientras que Quercus sideroxyla presentó relevancia alta en el III. Conclusiones: La comparación realizada en un periodo de 10 años (2007-2017) permitió determinar que la vegetación arbórea de la comunidad evaluada se mantiene sin cambios respecto a la diversidad de especies, mientras que el área basal y el volumen tienden a aumentar.

Background and Aims: The production of edible fungi is affected by bacterial, fungal and viral diseases, which very often cause large losses. In the production of mushrooms of the genus Pleurotus, the fungi of Trichoderma spp. represent a serious problem of contamination and although there are some chemical compounds that control the infection, they are not entirely safe for human consumption. As a consequence, alternatives are being searched for through biotechnology, such as the one presented in this paper.Methods: Strains of fungi of the genus Trichoderma were isolated from the substrate where Pleurotus ostreatus was being cultivated. These were identifiedmorphologically and molecularly, followed by tests to inhibit the growth of Trichoderma strains in both agar and wheat straw, using a cetonic extract of thedehydrated fruiting body of Pycnoporus sp.Key results: Two strains of Trichoderma (T. pleuroti and T. atrobrunneum, belonging to the clade of T. harzianum) were isolated from infected substrate obtained in production modules of Pleurotus ostreatus located in Tlaquitenango and Cuernavaca, in the state of Morelos, Mexico. The effect of a cetonic extract of the fruiting body of Pycnoporus sp. on the mycelial growth of the isolated strains of Trichoderma was also evaluated, observing decrease in mycelial growth rate in Petri dish up to 72% and on lignocellulosic substrate both mycelial growth and sporulation were delayed up to 10 days.Conclusions: The extract of Pycnoporus sp. could be an alternative to control the infection by Trichoderma spp. in mushroom cultures of the genus Pleurotus.  

Background and Aims: The fundo legal (FL) is a strip of forest vegetation that peripherally delimits the villages, provides multiple ecosystem servicesand is part of the mayan community forest reserves of the Yucatan Peninsula. The objective of this study was to describe the forms of use and managementof FL woody vegetation by the inhabitants of the community of Yaxcabá, Yucatan, Mexico.Methods: Within the FL, three sections were selected based on the number of roads identified. Eight sampling plots of 400 m2 (20 × 20 m) and eightmore plots of mature vegetation (MV) were established in each section. In each plot the diameter of the stumps was measured and their taxonomicidentity was determined. The richness, diversity, density and basal area of the stumps and each section was contrasted with sampling plots with MVoutside the FL and with little evidence of use. A closed survey was applied to the local people to detail the forms of local use and management thatresidents carry out in the FL.Key results: There were 58 useful species that included 42 genera and 22 families of angiosperms, of which Fabaceae, Polygonaceae and Ebenaceaewere the most abundant families. Harvesting includes a wide variety of species and few individuals per species are harvested, but the use variesamong courses within the community; this use does not significantly affect the composition of species between FL and MV.Conclusions: Even though there are sections of the FL in which its vegetal cover is degraded, the strategies of current use allow the permanence andconservation of the composition of species at the local level. The intensity of exploitation in the FL is reflected by a greater number of roads and thedistance between them and the forest resources they use.

Background and Aims: Harmful Algal Blooms (HAB) commonly occur in the Mexican Pacific, being important HABs of Gymnodinium catenatum (Gc) and of Pyrodinium bahamense var. compressum (Pbc) for being saxitoxin-producing dinoflagellates that cause paralytic shellfish poisoning. The latter is a taxon that sporadically occurs in the tropical Mexican Pacific. This study describes the behavior of both taxa throughout the annual cycle and analyzes their morphology, abundance, distribution, and their bloom dynamics, in relation to environmental and climatological parameters. Methods: Phytoplankton collections were made ten times from October 2009 to January 2011 within Acapulco Bay and its surroundings, together with measurements of physicochemical parameters. Climatic data were obtained from Acapulco weather station. Abundance of phytoplankton was evaluated with the Utermöhl method. Statistical analyses were carried out to investigate the relationship of Gc and Pbc abundances with environmental and climatic parameters. Key results: Gc was present throughout the year 2010 in low densities and in November 2010 it reached a maximum of 189×103 cells l-1, associated with several species of diatoms and dinoflagellates, including Pbc. Gc bloom coincides with decrease in ammonium and decrease in water temperature with respect to the average. Pyrodinium bahamense morphometry from Acapulco corresponds to var. compressum. Pbc formed an intense HAB in July 2010 (reaching a maximum abundance of 773×103 cells l-1), causing significant toxicity and had an upturn in November. Conclusions: Pbc HABs in Acapulco require the occurrence of a previous HAB in the central Pacific or Gulf of Tehuantepec, Mexico, horizontal transportation of their cysts, as well as high water temperature conditions, abundant rainfall that increased the concentration of phosphates, which is propitiated in the periods of transition "El Niño"-"La Niña" events. Gc HABs in Acapulco are related to "La Niña" events, with an abrupt change in water temperature and an increase in nitrogenous forms.