Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The objective of this research is to identify the challenges and opportunities presented in higher education due to the COVID-19 pandemic, specifically for the Accounting and Auditing program of the Universidad Central del Ecuador. A survey containing openand closed questions was applied to a sample of 3974 students that consisted of several components: the teacher’s methodological work, the evaluation system, the technological problem, the social relationship and the learning environment. The survey includeda descriptive analysis of the subjects of the basic, formative and professionalizing areas, and provided important contributions that helped us to better understand the problem. Interesting data were revealed about economic opportunities for students because they received classes in this modality; however, there were challenges regarding access and availability of technological equipment. Finally, the research highlighted the need to ensure an adequate learning management platform, as well as constant training of teachers to strengthen innovative capabilities in their learning methodologies.

The present contribution is based on important components of telework to analyze the process of its expansion in Ecuador, beginning in the second quarter of 2020. The study responds to the need to address the challenges that teleworking has brought to higher education institutions in the country using appropriate methodological approaches. Three guiding categories of these processes are reviewed for the analysis: knowledge management and innovation; organizational behavior; and organizational culture. Through them, key elements of human talent management in higher education are revealed. The paper aims to support the incorporation of innovative approaches for effective human talent management in universities, given the growing importance of telework in times of pandemic and post-pandemic. The methodology favors a systemic and multidimensional approach that highlights the form and impact of telework on managing human talent in universities. It is concluded that the prospective scenario points to the simultaneity of face-to-face and telework modality to improve performance indicators and the quality of university activities. The trend is towards a new transition in the administration of processes.

Poverty, inequality, lacking access to rights are all a reality in the chabolas and suburbia areas in Brazil, and they all directly affect the quality of life in these territories where, in spite of the situation, smaller initiatives for a more sustainable future do exist. This investigation discusses what we call ‘social crossroads of innovation’ (Rufino 2019), which are interventions that take place in the tears of the system and which work as a manner of transgression/objection by established institutions. These are led by a social entrepreneur who works “in a Brazilian fashion”— also known as virador (Souza Neto 2003) —whose objection can be identified by looking at their new manners to make, know, frame and organize everything (Haxeltine et al. 2016) as presented in 3 cases: Barkus, a social company for financial education for both youth and adults; G10, a network of the 10 chabolas with the most purchasing power in Brazil; and Olabi, a space for technology democratization for social transformation. With these as starting point, we have identified 7 lessons on the key characteristics of this type of social innovation. To conclude, we argue that social crossroads of innovation in Brasil are engines for social transformation which help pave the way for alternate future models focused on sustainable development at the local level, as well as quality of life improvements for vulnerable populations.

The declaration of a pandemic due to the outbreak and worldwide spread of COVID-19 brought about enormous changes in many areas of society, where people had to adapt and use technology as a means to continue. The purpose of this research is to identify how Latin America adapted to the pandemic caused by COVID-19 and used ICTs as a means to move forward, taking as a reference various studies related to work, education and social interaction, as well as statistics on technology and innovation. We worked with a systematic review (SRL) of a descriptive, selective and critical nature. The methodological development involved four phases: planning, selection, extraction and execution. The results show that companies such as Zoom, Meta and TikTok took advantage of the moment and grew exponentially; in higher education, many questions arose about the quality of education and there was a rapid change from face-to-face to online modality. Latin America accelerated its digital transformation considerably and this trend is expected to continue in the short and medium term in response to the pandemic.

The contribution is the state of the art of governance. The methodology involved a bibliometric analysis using search criteria and metric tools from the Scopus and Web of Science databases, as well as text mining with the VOSviewer program. For qualitative analysis, a hermeneutic unit was used in the Atlas.ti program that contained the most cited contributions in Scopus. The main results are: there is a broad and extensive approach to governance since its emergence; the most relevant research trends are associated with the influence of governance in managing actions against COVID-19, organizational government and global aspects; there is a thematic dispersion in the approach to governance and a predominant tendency to use its arguments as the basis for analyzing specific cases. Numerous types of governance and fields of application were observed. Research niches that need further analysis were identified, such as: longitudinal studies of the sustainability of agreements through governance, psychosocial elements that influence governance networks, and the capture of the State by network members for their own benefit.

This study intends to analyze the relation between mining and development in canton Portovelo as a process of social and economic change, highlighting the importance of mining revenues in the investments for the development of the canton. The investigationtook place from a viewpoint considering sustainable development, economic development and mining, which allowed debate on how the territory is reconfigured due to extraction processes and arguments for and against extracting natural resources. Statisticaland interview data provide the readers with a close picture of the situation of the income for the mining sector and the changes in the territories where mining takes place. The main findings prove that there are considerable changes at the social and environmental levels, but there is no return of resources from local mining activities. This means, this sector has not contributed to the construction of basic infrastructure for local development. However, large-scale construction has taken place, although using resources that are not redeemable as they focus on national development programs.

The objective of this study is to analyze social and solidary economics as a component of entrepreneurial activities in Ecuador, based on motivation theory, communication theory, and leadership theory. The research took place with a qualitative approach and participative action as the research methodology including 4 phases: diagnosing of needs, planning, information gathering, and public considerations. The information was collected directly from Grupo Salinas, with key informers all being part of the communityof the cooperative society for entrepreneurship and development. For data collection, a participative observation approach was used. The results showed that organizations lack a means to integrate government and private entities, which has a direct effect onthe achievement of goals of the cooperative societies. Thus, this research has helped plan and develop actions that help achieve the process of integration and development to the entrepreneurial activities via the Integral Community Education Project (PEIC)promoting a sense of belonging and commitment with the institutions. It was possible to plan and apply a strategic action plan, managing to integrate the various actors involved in the domain of education, which was later expressed and recorded during the public considerations phase.

Introduction: subthalamotomy is a viable option for Parkinson's disease. The resulting postoperative dyskinesia and extranuclear lesion limit its application. Objetivo: describir los resultados de la subtalamotomía en pacientes con enfermedad de Parkinson.Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo de serie de nueve pacientes que cumplieron con los criterios de la investigación. The time between diagnosis and operation, the intercommissural distance, the electrophysiological and therapeutic intranuclear recording paths, the number of lesions and their relationship with the posterior commissure were evaluated. Ethical principles were met.Results: the mean between diagnosis and surgical intervention was 5.7 years. The anterior commissure-posterior commissure distance averaged 28.3 mm. 53 records were made, 46 of these were intranuclear. Two ablative lesions were carried out per patient, by intranuclear path. Dyskinesia was observed in one case, coinciding with the largest number of records.Conclusions: subthalamotomy is a safe technique. The lesion outside the dorsolateral region found in one of the patients was related to postoperative dyskinesia

Introduction: orbital lymphoma is a very rare type of tumor that affects the orbit and ocular adnexa and is rarely bilateral. It is essential to make an early diagnosis and initiate timely treatment to avoid complications.Objective: to present the case of a patient with non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the orbit.Case presentation: 37-year-old patient with a history of arterial hypertension, ischemic stroke with right hemiparesis sequelae, and polycystic kidneys. Two months ago, while he was undergoing rehabilitation therapy, he reported an increase in volume of the left orbital region, which increased in size over the days, for which he was hospitalized and diagnosed as orbital non-Hodgkin lymphoma.Conclusions: it constitutes the first case in the Teaching Clinical Surgical Hospital "Manuel Ascunce Domenech" of Camagüey in more than 60 years, despite registering an increase in the incidence in the last decades. Knowledge of this condition is necessary, where care by a multidisciplinary team is essential to establish the conduct to follow and to be successful in treatment.

Los autores pretenden abordar la importancia de la educación en el trabajo como modalidad fundamental de la organización del proceso docente-educativo en la enseñanza médica superior, y preservar el principio marxista – leninista y martiano de vinculación del estudio con el trabajo, que permite lograr en los estudiantes transformaciones graduales en los sistemas de conocimientos y habilidades, así como en sus actitudes, convicciones, sentimientos, ideales y valores