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546,196 artículos
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Año:
2020
ISSN:
0719-1243, 0716-1832
Douzet Carafí, María Teresa
Universidad de Chile. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades
Resumen
The purpose of this article is to explain the logic of the appointment process for officer and commander of the National Guard in Chile, in the mid-nineteenth century. The study of the recommendations for these civic positions, reviewed in the General Archive of the Army and in documents of the Ministry of War, indicates that public order would not reside as much in the imposition of the State as in the willingness of decent men to collaborate. In effect, local powers assume the positions and mobilize their social resources, recommending those who have the capacity to ensure tranquility in their territories. This ‘logic of the acquaintance’ would explain the functioning of the National Guard in the diffuse boundaries between State and society and would show that this is not a consolidated State but one in construction that, despite its precariousness, well uses the strengths of the local social fabric.
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Año:
2020
ISSN:
0719-1243, 0716-1832
Desiderato, Agustín Daniel
Universidad de Chile. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades
Resumen
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Año:
2020
ISSN:
0719-1243, 0716-1832
Cárcamo Hermosilla, Millaray; Monsálvez Araneda, Danny; Pagola Contreras, Leon
Universidad de Chile. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades
Resumen
This paper will discuss the characteristics of a sociability space in Gran Concepción under the Chilean dictatorship. Taller de Análisis Social y Sindical (TASYS), which emerged in 1978 as a meeting space and training for the world of workers. over the years, TASYS became one of the main places for resistance and local opposition to the regime of Augusto Pinochet, where it was not only a matter of organizing and educating workers and settlers, also resisting and denouncing the economic measures and repressive policies of the civil-military dictatorship.
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Año:
2020
ISSN:
0719-1243, 0716-1832
Aránguez Muñoz, Raquel
Universidad de Chile. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades
Resumen
This research reviews the relationship between the Communist Youth of Chile and the university student movement between 2000 and 2011, identifying the transformations in the communist identity generated by this process. In addition, elements of the organization’s influence on this student movement were identified. The changes experienced from this relationship highlight the relevance that the student space acquired for the JJ.CC. which developed political-programmatic proposals that aimed the questioning of neoliberalism in education. For their part, the JJ.CC. developed a pragmatic sense of their political work from the need to open to other actors, which brought the organization out of the isolation in which it moved during the first years of the 1990s and 2000s.
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Año:
2020
ISSN:
0719-1243, 0716-1832
Grez Toso, Sergio
Universidad de Chile. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades
Resumen
The documents presented here correspond to a selection from volume 8679 (31 December, 1934) of the confidential Providencias of the Ministerio del Interior which are kept in the Archivo Nacional de la Administración (ARNAD) of Santiago, Chile. Almost all of these memoranda
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Año:
2020
ISSN:
0719-1243, 0716-1832
Salgado Muñoz, Alfonso
Universidad de Chile. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades
Resumen
The following document is a translation of a report on the finances of the Communist Party of Chile, produced by the Federal Bureau of Investigation on December 17, 1946. It contains information about the Party’s financial status, constitutional framework, mechanisms of financial control, methods of raising funds, expenditures, and capital investments, as well as about some party enterprises. The information concerns mainly the years 1944, 1945, and 1946.
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Año:
2020
ISSN:
0719-1243, 0716-1832
Elgueta Reyes, Rubén
Universidad de Chile. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades
Resumen
In order to conduct a review of the “Social Question” in Concepción, this article seeks to analyze the link between Lorenzo Arenas Olivos and the Mutual Relief Society of Workers of Concepción, in the period of the “turn of the century”. As one of the essential characteristics of the mutualist melting pot in Concepción, the performative expressions of masonic values are shared as a form of sociability to which Lorenzo Arenas belonged. There is a clear relationship between the forms of Masonic sociability and mutualism, in whose culture a vision of a society that is divorced from the religious is expressed, and with a view to “progress”, “modernity” and universal morality.
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Año:
2020
ISSN:
0719-1243, 0716-1832
Chávez Zúñiga, Pablo
Universidad de Chile. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades
Resumen
This article analyzes food and nutrition as factors that caused the high infant mortality rates in Santiago between the second half of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. The applied method approaches the process recognizing the role of mothers, artificial feeding and the installation of institutions that tried to diminish these figures.The development of the study maintains that the poor hygiene standards in the handling of products and the lack of maternal care in newborns affected deaths during the first year of life. The main historical sources of consultation were the press and medical journals. The conclusions emphasize the emergence of Chilean pediatrics as a field of knowledge about health in childhood, improvements in diet and the formation of an institutional framework that allowed to reduce, in the twentieth century, the very high infant mortality.
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Año:
2020
ISSN:
0719-1243, 0716-1832
Pérez Pinzón, Luis Rubén
Universidad de Chile. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades
Resumen
The Liberation Campaign is a historical topic whose interest and recurrence in the Colombian History magazines allows a historiographical balance of content, productivity and citation of articles associated with this subject. The quantitative study proposed compares the approaches of each journal and the bibliometric indicators of editorial productivity of journals indexed in categories A1 and A2 by Publindex of Colciencias. In conclusion, are demonstrates the characteristics of the impact factor, the importance of the dossier numbers and the relevance that since 1983 have the articles related to facts and characters of the liberating campaign.
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Año:
2020
ISSN:
0719-1243, 0716-1832
Villar Vásquez, Gorka Sebastián
Universidad de Chile. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades
Resumen
This article is conceived to analyze the idea of University formulated by the communist academic Hernán Ramírez Necochea, who holds that the University was a space of ideological dispute with the “ruling” class and North American “cultural imperialism”. To confirm this hypothesis, the relationship between the Communist Party of Chile (PCCh) and the University between the 1950s and the early 1960s was investigated. Then, the academic and political biography of Ramírez Necochea was reviewed, and, finally, an analyze his conception of university through the revision of memories, unpublished documents, historical production, interviews, communist press and university press was made. This work is inserted in the disciplinary theoretical of the new political history and intellectual history.
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