Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The importance of training mathematics teachers in the students’ educational processes in diversity contexts has been reflected on, in such a way that the vision of educational institutions that marginalize vulnerable populations from the educational system is favored and exceeded. This reflection was made as a student of the Inter-institutional Doctorate in Education of “Francisco José de Caldas” University District in the background review corresponding to the research project that was exploratory in nature with a mixed and multi-method approach. Training processes are an essential component in the professional development of teachers, hence the emphasis on the disciplines of individuality and work outside of school to collective professional development and from educational institutions, in which it is recognized each of the students as active subjects in their proactive training and transformation process and therefore propose different educational options that enable learning excellence and where the constant is to eliminate barriers of all kinds that limit their presence, learning, participation and promotion in school life, with particular attention to those most vulnerable, an aspect that responds in part to the needs that arise from an inclusive education.

The Science and Interculturality Magazine of the University of the Autonomous Regions of the Nicaraguan Caribbean Coast (URACCAN), publishes unpublished research articles, bibliographic review articles and investigative essays that contribute to promoting various topics related to intercultural gender citizenship. It is aimed at researchers, teachers, students and professionals related to sensitive areas such as: Education and Intercultural Health, Territoriality, Natural Resources and the Environment, Gender and Interculturality, Human Rights, especially those binding on international treaties and conventions of indigenous peoples. and people of African descent. For organizational purposes, the thematic coverage of the magazine includes the following sections: Linguistic and Cultural Revitalization, Education, Intercultural Education, Gender and Interculturality, Social Sciences, Natural Resources and the Environment, Agriculture, Indigenous and Afro-descendant Culture, Regional Autonomy, Education Superior in the Caribbean, Humanities, Intercultural Health, Engineering and TechnologyThis volume of Science and Interculturality Journal No. 26 presents a structured compilation of 4 sections, which contains 15 articles: 5 of them are related to Science Education Area, 4 to Social Sciences, 3 to Natural Resources and Environment, finally 3 are related to the Agricultural Area. The results of these researches contribute significantly to the innovative praxis of the university community, and they constitute an educational and communication way to share with the community of professors, researchers and students of the academic world, in a critical, autonomous and emancipatory expression in an environment of intercultural citizenships of gender.

The concept of the local knowledge management network was addressed as the basis of a Local Innovation System for Cuba. Hermeneutical methodology was applied at an interpretive level. The network was seen as a way of incorporating links and interactions that make possible, locally, regionally and nationally, the existence of external economies and increasing returns. The increasing recognition obtained by networks was based on the fact that, regardless of the amount of information and coded knowledge that society produces, when there is no link between coded knowledge and the skills embodied in individuals and organizations, it is not possible to capture the productive impulse of knowledge, translate it into innovation and a path of sustainable development

In the recent years, there is a greater recognition of the importance of incorporating cultural diversity and interculturality as bridges of inclusion in university insti- tutions, mainly in the teaching-learning processes (their contents, approach and methodologies), in participatory action research and in the social-community link. The present work tries through the bibliographic review to determine the vision of the future of higher education in multicultural contexts, in a world that is increasingly technological and with the presence of risks such as the COVID-19 Pandemic. Thus, the recognition of interculturality and the dialogue of knowledge, are urgent needs that must be applied at all levels and models of education. Taking this into account, we can envision that the new generations are trained in the skills of the 21st century

This work has analyzed the evolution of Blas de Otero poetics. For this it was considered that, in his poetry, a high-sounding duality operates: from one of the imaginary he is one of the most read poets in the recent history of Spain and, nevertheless, the former criticism disdains him for the politicization of his work; in its versatility oterian poetry is existential tension, in its first stage, and an evident social concern; in the second. Blas de Otero is a poet of concepts, in particular of social content, because his early poetry reveals the human tear in the face of the suffering and existential anguish of post - war man. His evolution as a poet starts from his religious and faith concerns, going through existentialism, until reaching the social content. The texts analyzed in this work are a sample of this thematic evolution in different stages of the author's literary production: "These sonnets of mine", Angel fiercely human (1950) and "Fidelity", I ask for peace and the right to talk (1955).

This essay has analyzed the importance of Burgos and Valladolid Laws as an early background of human equality. For this, these legal bodies are considered and compared with the main postulates of the Declaration of Human Rights and certain Constitutions, among them, the Constitution of Spain, Ecuador, Colombia and Mexico.In that order, such legal texts served as the basis for the new legal order of international law in favor of the indigenous population and other social groups, recognizing certain rights that would be the basis of an anticipated equality between human beings

This volume No. 27, presents a compilation of 16 articles structured in 4 sections, which include; six in Education, four in Social Sciences; three in Natural Resources and the Environment and three in Agriculture. The results of these investigations contribute significantly to the innovative praxis of the university community, and constitute an educational and communication means to share with the community of professors, researchers and students of the academic world, in a critical, autonomous and emancipating expression in an environment of intercultural gender citizenships.  

This study was based on a mixed approach, the incidence of pathogenic bacteria in the shrimp extracted from Bluefields Lagoon and consumed by the population was evaluated, which shows the possible risks to their health. Direct shrimp catches were made at three sampling points (Half Way Cay, Banco Rojo and Santa María). Later they were analyzed in the Aquatic Rresearch Center of BICU, the bacteria were isolated and purified in specific agar for Escherichia coli, Salmonella sp, Clostridium perfringens and Enterococcus faecalis bacteria. From samples obtained, the one that presented the greatest contamination was Santa María, with the presence of Escherichia coli, Clostridium perfringens and Enterococcus faecalis, in Half Way Cay E.coli was present; however, it was within the acceptable values ​​of a food that does not cause any risk for consumers, since it presented 49 CFU / g. The Banco Rojo sample presented E.coli in acceptable values, but had the presence of Salmonella sp, which indicates that it is a risk for consumers. It can be said that the shrimp presented different levels of contamination for which it is recommended to refrigerate the product at minus 4º C temperatures and prepare them so that they are well cooked, avoid that children and older adults consume the pre-cooked or raw shrimp, since they are the most vulnerable people to the toxins of these bacteria. All this information must be passed on to community and regional decision-makers for a timely intervention.

Macroinvertebrates are organisms that due to their intolerance to disturbances in the environment can determine the health of aquatic ecosystems through their diversity and distribution of families in their habitats. In this study, the current conditions of water quality in Chacalín, Limonero and Moga watersheds of the Rama-Creole Indigenous Territory were analyzed by means of the presence and distribution of macroinvertebrates as bio-indicators of these, since it is currently unknown which are the conditions of its main tributaries within the territory; With the use of the Ecosystem Evaluation and Monitoring Program protocol of the US EPA, 11 transects were established for each site, the sample of which was: 1-3, 5-7, 9-11. In this quantitative research with a descriptive and cross section approach, the collection was made with a hand net in each habitat of the established points; Later they were analyzed at BICU Aquatic Research Center Laboratory, using the taxonomic guides for the classification and identification of organisms, with these data the IBMWP was determined. The results show that the Chacalín and Moga watersheds have a regular water quality with little altered contamination, while the Limonero watershed, through the index, it was determined that the ecological health of the water is contaminated. This suggests that the conditions of these sites have been little affected and that there are optimal conditions for the establishment of macroinvertebrate families

The Municipal University Center (CUM) function in the Network is to coordinate technological innovation as a pivot center that connects the knowledge produced in the University Network with local needs to solve production and service problems, it uses Paulo Freire´s Popular Education principles to introduce the science that solves problems in Agricultural Companies. As a pivot principle, a diagnosis was made on the productive forms of agriculture and an improvement project was worked on to resolve the difficulties.   The concept of the Local Network for University Management of Knowledge and Innovation (GUCID for its acronyms in Spanish) was the basis of a Local Innovation System and its growing recognition is based on the fact that, regardless of the amount of codified knowledge that is produced, if there is no relationship between the amount of codified knowledge and the competencies (tacit knowledge) embodied in individuals and organizations, the locality will not capture the productive impulse of knowledge, nor will it translate it into innovation following a stable development path. It was concluded that innovation, promoted by students in their role as "extension workers" achieves the introduction of scientific results that ensure a solution to the productive problems of the Agricultural Units.