Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

In the Santa Bárbara farm from Canuto-Chone-Manabí-Ecuador parish, two dairy feeding systems and two weaning periods were evaluated: T1) Cow's milk, weaning 30 days; T2) Cow's milk, weaning 45 days; T3) Ecomilk E.Q. Commercial Dairy Substitute, weaning 30 days; T4) Ecomilk EQ commercial dairy substitute, weaning 45 days, on the productive parameters: Weight (Kg), feed consumption (Kg), weight gain (Kg), feed conversion (Kg / Kg) and cost analysis (U $ ) in 20 crossbred calves 75% Sahiwal / 25% Jersey from 1 day of birth with an average weight of 34.70 ± 0.75 Kg; The calves were housed individually and fed with alfalfa hay, pre-initial concentrate with 25% protein and water ad libitum for 90 days of study. The statistical analysis of the variables studied was carried out from a completely randomized factorial design (2x2) with 5 repetitions per treatment, analyzed in the IBM SPSS Statistical Package version 20. There were no significant differences between the factors under study and their interaction on the productive parameters; while the cost analysis showed a benefit of early weaning at 30 days, with advantages when using the milk substitute. Concluding that, despite not presenting significant differences between the treatments and variables under study, the analysis of costs per feed kilogram consumed based on dry matter, showed benefits in favor of early weaning 30 days, when combining this factor with milk substitute, thus representing a saving of 15%.

Eating food for indigenous communities is not just putting something in your mouth; It is a sacred act because it involves contact with the earth, the wind, the sun, and nature. It is honest work, wisdom and communitarianism. Hence, it is important to rescue the knowledge of our ancestors, to learn from that integral vision of indigenous communities, where food is communion with Mother Earth. The objective of the research was to collect information about sacred foods for their revaluation and rescue. The methodology was qualitative with an anthropological-cultural approach, an interview was applied to the "elders" of Salasaca indigenous community. The sacred foods indicated by the elders are mainly corn, potatoes, quinoa, goose, mashua, sambo, among others. Sacred plants and trees such as Yahual, quishuar, capulí, la chilca. An important drink in the Salasaca community is the tzawar mishki obtained from the cabuya, present in the traditional festivals of the community as well as foods considered sacred, mainly corn, quinoa, potatoes, and beans. Currently, consumer thinking endangers the knowledge, traditions and customs of the community. Keeping those precepts of the Andean worldview should become the guiding principle of our lives

This research consisted of gathering information on the population density of phytoplankton and the amount of nutrients (carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus) present in the sediment of Apanás Lake, it should be noted that this body of water is artificial. Regarding the methodology, 3 water and sediment sampling points were chosen, at the entrance, middle zone and exit of the Lake (Fuentes, 2017). In the results, it was possible to show a relationship between the amount of nutrients and the microalgae population, it should be considered that the nutrients provided by runoff may also have influenced

This bibliographic essay addresses some research carried out in the last two decades on video game consumption and its impact on the subjectivities of Iberoamerican players and helps to understand how subjectivities are affected in different ways depending on the characteristics of the video games that are consumed; showing in this way how the phenomenon of video games is more widespread than is generally thought. Consequently, the results suggest that the subjectivities of the video players are constructed through the interrelationships that occur between the subjects and the dynamics in which the game develops, incorporating values, feelings and meanings into its construct.

Pinocembrin is a flavanon e that shows pharmacological and biological activities such as antifungal, anticancer, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidants. This secondary metabolite has been identified in several plants belonging to the Piperaceae family. Piper ecuadorense is a native shrub used in traditional medicine by healers from the Saraguro indigenous community of Ecuador. Therefore, due his important activity, it is necessary develop and validate a method by using HPLC-DAD in order to determinate the pinocembrin in Piper ecuadorense leaf extracts. The method utilized a BDS Hipersil C-18 column (5 μm, 4.6x250 mm i.d.) with the mixture of ammonium acetate (0.01 M) and methanol (35:65 %, v/v) as the mobile phase at a flow-rate of 1 mL/min, and detection was by UV at 290 nm. The parameters of linearity, accuracy, precision, recovery, detection limit, and quantitation limit of the HPLC method were achieved. The method showed excellent linearity (r2 = 0.9998), and the recovery was 100.70-101.33%. A high degree of accuracy and precision (RSD less than 3% for intraday and interday) were likewise reached. In this way, a simple, precise, accurate and reproducible HPLC method was successfully developed and validated to analyze pinocembrin in Piper ecuadorense leaf extracts.

In order to make a first contribution in the use of nutrients coming from unicellular algae, a test was realized, its main purpose consisted on evaluate the nutritional contribution of live unicellular algae. (Scenedesmus sp) in a nutritive solution that is commonly used in hydroponic. Three doses of microalgae solution were evaluated as a natural bio stimulant in the lettuce production. (Lactuca sativa): in a low concentration of algae (40 x 104 cel. ml-1); medium concentration (80 x 104 cel. ml-1); and high (120 x 104 cél. ml-1); the witness was a nutritive solution without microalgae addition. There were used microalgae from the laboratory of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences School where the microalgae were produced to add them to the hydroponic production system later. A completely randomized block design was used in four treatments and three repetitions. The blocks were placed perpendicularly to the luminosity considered as a non-controllable factor. The hydroponic nutritive solution was evaluated daily, the pH was constant 6 to 7,3 and the electrical conductivity was 1,7 a dSm-1. At the end of the development cycle, the roots and leaves were weight. The variance analysis detected significant differences for the treatments (p<0.05). At the end of the essay, the aerial weight average per plant was 34.3 g. for the witness (without microalgae solution addition), while for the high microalgae solution (120 x 104 cel ml-1) was 46.32 g. Therefore, the use of live microalgae solutions during the hydroponic lettuce development cycle provokes a lettuce production increase without affecting the hydroponic solution or the plant.

The subsidy for electricity and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) in Ecuador will at some point be unsustainable, that is why; that the need arises to seek and resort to non-polluting alternative energy sources such as solar energy. In this sense, the present research seeks to analyze the feasibility of using solar collectors to obtain sanitary hot water (DHW) in social housing through virtual simulation; taking as a case study the housing project "Ciudad Victoria" of the city of Loja. The methodology begins with the calculation of energy demand by family, from fossil, electrical and solar sources for subsequent contrast. Then, we proceed with the calculation and pre-sizing of the solar collectors according to the international regulations for use, application and installation. Finally, using the F-Chart method, the annual collector coverage is calculated based on climate data from the sector. The results demonstrate the feasibility of using solar thermal collectors in the study area, satisfying the need for sanitary hot water of the inhabitants at low cost, which economically benefits the population, the State and the protection of the environment.

An analysis of, current and future, climatic trends and extreme climate events, for Santiago, Mayo, Puyango and Catamayo Hydrographic Basins is presented. This analysis was made using historical information from weather stations of the National Institute of Meteorology and Hydrology of Ecuador (INAMHI) and information generated in the Third National Communication of Climate Change. For historical analysis, the base period was 1981-2015, and for future analysis, RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 climate change scenarios projections for the 2011-2040 period were used. Results show an increase in the precipitation and in extreme events (more days with extreme rains and longer droughts). Also, the results show an evident temperature increase in the average values, as well as, in the amount of days with extreme temperatures.

This study case is based on an oil spill originated by a landslide in 2008 that led to the pipeline rupture of the Trans Ecuadorian Pipeline System (SOTE) and the Shushufindi-Quito Multiproduct Pipeline, both located in the northeast region of Ecuador, in Gonzalo Diaz Parish, El Chaco Canton, in the province of Napo. The data of the three different soil sampling campaigns (2008-2009 and 2010) was organized using geodatabases which resulted in an auto-correlation analysis of the Total Petroleum Hydrocarbons (TPH) parameter and their resulting pollutions maps. Only the information from the 2009 campaign was interpolated considering a variography according to the samples distribution of that year. The result of this analysis is the improving in the way that new soil samples had to be taken for the cleaning and restoring process, resulting in the recovering of a total of 10.5 hectares affected directly, where bacteria inoculation processes, which degrade the fragile hydrocarbon ecosystems of the Ecuadorian Amazon region, were held.

The progressive human needs along with the economic activities, exert an increasing pressure of the natural resour-ces; the environmental problems generated by lifestyles are incompatible with the process of the environment regeneration. The management of natural resources and its sustainability has been an externality in the political, economic, social and environmental areas. The objective of this work was to evaluate the sustainability of productive systems in Waorani indigenous settlements and mestizo settlers in the Diversity and Life Strip located in the Yasuni Biosphere Reserve. The method of evaluation for sustainability of agricultural and food systems (SAFA) was used, which includes four dimensions (Good Governance, Environmental Integrity, Economic Resilience and Social Welfare), as well as 21 issues, 58 sub-themes and 116 indicators, their performance is measured in the scale from 1 (Unacceptable: red) to 5 (Best: Green). Following snowball sampling, six case studies were identified: three Waorani Indigenous and three mestizos settlers. Data collection was carried out through: 1) household head surveys, 2) direct observation for six months and 3) literature review. Due to the socio-cultural context of the Waorani, the issues of corporate ethics and responsibilities were not evaluated, the results categorized as “Best” are evidenced in the degree of sustainability by scenarios evaluated: 1) Waorani: the subjects Participation, Equity and Cultural Diversity and 2) Mestizos Settlers: Animal Welfare, Local Economy and Human Security and Health issues while the worst valued results in scenario 1 Waorani are: Product quality and information and Fair trade practices. The dynamics of the degree of sustainability of the scenarios evaluated show the approximation of the polygons to the real production systems in the resulting graphs.