Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Trends and forecasts of the main atmospheric pollutants (O3, SO2, NO2, CO, PM10, PM2.5, NO and NOx) are estimated by regions in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area (MCMA) with maximum daily data from 2008 to 2018. A non-parametric statistical smoothing controlled technique based on the Hodrick and Prescott filter and estimated through the Kalman filter, is used. Both point and interval estimates, as well as their respective forecasts are generated. Estimates are compared against the environmental standard for Mexico City (NADF-009-AIRE-2017), and it is evident that, in general, they are still distant from good air quality in the MCMA, as opposed to CO and NO2. The remaining pollutants have trends and forecasts that are far from the permissible limits.

In studies of cloud seeding by ground-based generators, a dispersion analysis of the silver iodide (AgI) glaciogenic aerosol is a necessary tool to estimate if it reaches seeding heights. A study of the dispersion of AgI emitted by a network of generators with hypothetical locations in the eastern region of Cuba was developed using the WRF-Chem model. Two spatial distributions with different heights and distances between generators were analyzed. Two experiments were undertaken with emission rates of 10 and 30 g h–1, based on a sample of six days. The activation level was not reached for an emission rate of 10 g h–1, while for 30 g h–1 static seeding could occur but the area with seeding aerosol was not significant. The distribution in which generators were closer together turned out to be the one with smaller maximum concentrations and bigger areas occupied by the aerosol at a given level. Covered area and seeding aerosol concentrations increased for emission rates of 30 g h–1. In general, the plume follows the wind direction and its vertical rise is determined by the turbulent kinetic energy for the area where the generator is placed.

The Nevado de Toluca weather station (4283 masl, 19 ºN) has recorded meteorological data for over half a century, and this combination of elevation and duration provides a rare opportunity to study climate trends in a tropical high-mountain environment. The climatic variability during the period 1965-2015 at the Nevado de Toluca volcano was analyzed. Nine standard climate indices for temperature and seven for precipitation were calculated from daily data from its weather station. The results, with a high level of statistical significance, show an increase in the number of days with night frost and cold periods; likewise, results indicate an increase in the diurnal thermal oscillation. Total accumulated precipitation shows an increasing tendency over time, although the periods with precipitation are increasingly isolated. This suggests that seasonal snow on the summit of the volcano will be increasingly isolated but, at the same time, the snowpack will persist longer. This work is expected to serve as a reference for other high-mountain tropical environmental studies, where air temperature and precipitation are crucial issues.

Brother Agustín de Otero (c.1675-1730) was a Cistercian monk belonging to the Monastery of Santa María de Sobrado (A Coruña) who worked as an architect and master mason in Galicia during the first third of the 18th century. He started his career as a lay brother and master builder working for his own monastery. In 1717, he was called to Mondoñedo by the Bishop Brother Juan Muñoz y Salcedo to redesign the Cathedral’s façade. From that point on, the prelate entrusted him with other projects for the city such as the reform of the Episcopal Palace, the design of a water supply and monumental fountain, as well as his own tomb. Since Brother Agustín de Otero is a little known figure in historiography, in this paper we will analyze his biography, professional career, and artistic personality.

This study provides an analysis of 7 contra Tebas (Seven Against Thebes), a 1992 work in which Wolf Vostell synthesizes three of the most significant aesthetic elements developed throughout his creative career: the importance of theatrical expression, the Berlin Wall as a sign of the human element, and the image of the fall embodied by the mythological figure of Icarus (despite the fact that Icarus is not featured in Aeschylus, as the text that inspired the artistic proposal). The piece was designed as a project for the Mérida Theatre Festival in parallel with the proposal for a contemporary art lighthouse in the Balearic Islands (both proposals failed). It is presented as a work of strong polysemy in a context that synthesises, to a large extent, the whole of Vostell’s work from its beginnings.

The General Directorate for Devastated Regions, created in 1938, was dedicated to the repair and reconstruction of all types of damage caused by the Civil War. The institution completed a large number of projects before its closure in 1957. One of the territories most punished by the war was the province of Jaén, where the architect Francisco Prieto-Moreno Pardo carried out much of his work. One of his collaborators in the Regional Office of Andújar was the architect Ramón Pajares Pardo, who completed a vast number of constructions in many of the towns in the province under the rule of Francisco Franco. Despite his importance, he is a little-known architect. For this reason, in this paper we will shed light on his work, focusing especially on his civil architecture.

Protective factors of mental health, such as emotional intelligence, values, and a wide spectrum of variables pertaining to personal and psychological adjustment, have become a main focus for research in recent years. The general aim of this study, with its quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional, inferential and correlational methodology, was to verify the relationships between emotional intel­ligence, values, self-esteem, optimism and frustration tolerance in an adolescent population. Information was collected from a sample of 161 secondary education students in Madrid (Spain) (age in years: M = 14.51; SD = 1.74). From the results obtained, self-esteem, optimism and frustration tolerance were observed in positive relationships with the variables emotional clarity, emotional repair, social commitment and gratitude. Gratitude and social recognition were confirmed as predictors in self-esteem and optimism, as was emo­tional repair in optimism and frustration tolerance. The need for programmed interventions in emotional education is reaffirmed as a key element in the development of personal and psychological well-being and, consequently, of adequate mental health in adolescents.

The objective of the study is to quantify the different types of school violence that take place in primary and secondary schools, as well as to analyze whether the socio-school variables determine and predict their development in students. A non-experimental, descriptive, inferential and regression investigation was carried out. The intentional and stratified sample comprised 1139 participants [423 primary education students (M = 10.56; DT = .67) and 716 secondary education students (M = 14.09; DT = 1.22)], to which is administered the questionnaire of school violence (CUVE-R). Results show that both educational stages indicate a greater presence of verbal violence, violence by teachers and physical violence, however, these violent behaviors are more frequent in the compulsory secondary education stage. Likewise, significant differences are found in sex (greater presence of violence by teachers or social exclusion in men, and verbal violence or disruption in women), age (the older the types of school violence increase), educational stage (greater appearance of school violence in the compulsory secondary education stage) and academic record (school violence increases in students with low academic records). Finally, physical and verbal violence are the variables with the greatest predictive potential in school violence.