Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

INTRODUCTION The objective of this report is to present the role of the speech pathologist as part of the health team involved in the decomplexization of critically ill patients in Intensive Care Units, even when patients have an artificial airway. CLINICAL CASE 39-year-old female patient, with a history of rheumatoid arthritis, admitted to hospital due to sensorium deterioration. He required mechanical ventilation and tracheostomy. Swallowing and phonation are evaluated and rehabilitated from the refunctionalization of the aerodigestive crossroads with a rehabilitation plan that included progressive cannula occlusion, sensory-motor stimulation and performance of Blue Test and modified Blue Test, with a negative result until decannulation and initiation of oral feeding. DISCUSSION The pathophysiological entities of communication and swallowing derived from the use of an artificial airway in patients hospitalized in the Intensive Care Unit require an early approach by the speech therapist to reduce and/or limit functional sequelae.

Morphological, physiological and anatomo functional changes of the stomatognathic structures due to aging in healthy older adults are those that characterize presbyphagia. Taking into account the relevance of the prevention of this entity, we understand that it is important to have protocols that allow the evaluation and early detection of it, therefore, in the present work we propose a bibliographic update on the different tools used to evaluate presbyphagia in older adults.

This research aimed to carry out a systematic review about the current state of scientific production related to the treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome (OSAS), with a special focus on alternative therapies to CPAP. For this purpose, a search was carried out through Lilacs, MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane and Scielo and articles from indexed journals were selected. Among the patients are men, women and children with mild, moderate and severe OSAS diagnosed with polysomnography and clinical symptoms, without any other comorbidity. The results showed that most authors agree that it is necessary to offer alternative therapies to CPAP, especially those that consist of training the pharyngeal structures and orofacial muscles, since these have left significant evidence of improvement in both health and in the quality of life of patients.

El 12 de mayo celebraremos los 75 años de ASALFA y los 68 años de Fonoaudiológica. En abril del 2021 la revista pasó a ser de acceso abierto e indexada, integrando el catálogo Latindex, Sistema Regional de Información en Línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina, el Caribe, España y Portugal. Creemos que en los últimos años, el equipo que formamos desde la Dirección, el Comité Editorial, el Comité Científico, como el diseño y programación, ha logrado un gran  crecimiento, cumpliendo los objetivos propuestos. Pero esto no hubiese sido posible sin el esfuerzo, compromiso y empeño en las investigaciones, que cada autor pone en su trabajo. Festejaremos este nuevo aniversario el 10 y 11 de noviembre en la Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, junto a los 30 años de CIFUNyP y los 60 años de la UNC, en un encuentro interuniversitario, al que las/os invitamos a participar. Desde FONOAUDIOLÓGICA acompañaremos esta celebración con un número especial en el mes de mayo, con trabajos que fueron publicados cuando nuestra revista no era de acceso abierto.                             COMITÉ EDITORIAL                                                Dra. Silvia Jury                      Revista Fonoaudiológica                                                 Directora                                                                                                  

FONOAUDIOLÓGICA Integra el Catálogo Latindex (Sistema Regional de Información en Línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina, el Caribe, España y Portugal). La Revista FONOAUDIOLOGICA publica trabajos originales e inéditos de investigación y de temas de interés relevantes para la especialidad. También artículos de revisión, actualización, casuística, de normativas y consensos originados por especialistas de las distintas áreas de la Fonoaudiología.

Introduction: Half of the pediatric installations of a peripheral venous catheter turn out to be in the context of a patient, a difficult venous access, defined as the installation of a peripheral venous catheter frustrated in the first puncture. Currently, the DIVA score is used as a predictive tool for difficult venous access, however, there is research that proposes new associated factors, arising the need to study them in depth. Aim: To identify the prevalence of factors associated with difficult venous access in pediatric patients treated in the surgery service of a hospital in Chile, 2022. Methodology: Cross-sectional descriptive quantitative research with purposive sampling. Patients aged 0 to 14 years with difficult venous access were included. To investigate these clinical antecedents, 5 of the most mentioned in the literature were selected: Obesity, Diabetes, Sickle Cell Anemia, Chemotherapy and Dialysis. An Ad Hoc comparison grid was used, the results were analyzed using software and the confidence interval was 95%. Results: The median age was 1 year, with an interquartile range of 3. The most prevalent antecedent evaluated in patients with difficult venous access was obesity, present in 31% of the sample and the second, was sickle cell anemia, present in 5%. Conclusions: A wide difference was evidenced between the variables studied, with obesity being the most prevalent; the research achieved the purpose of providing evidence that helps decision-making for the care of the patient's venous capital.

Objective: To assess perceptions of self-efficacy to provide care and relate to their patients among nursing students and professionals (academic and nursing assistants) attending an extension workshop at a private university in Buenos Aires, Argentina. Methodology: Descriptive, cross-sectional and quantitative study. The sample consisted of 76 subjects, representing 84.44% of those who participated in the activity. The Caring Efficacy Scale instrument was administered in its Spanish version. Descriptive and inferential analyses were performed using Infostat software. Informed consent was given and no philiatory data were collected. Results: Respondents had a mean age of 37.1 years and were mostly women, single, with children, and with more than five years of work experience. An association was found between not having children, being a student, and having a bachelor's degree with higher scores in the dimensions of empathy (p = 0.028), confidence in providing care (p = 0.005), and communication skills (p = 0.037), respectively. Positive aspects demonstrating humanization in practice were identified. Conclusions: Moderately positive levels of perceived self-efficacy to provide humanized care were found, with the interpersonal and empathy dimensions being the best and worst rated, respectively. It is necessary to implement training activities in humanized care to avoid depersonalization of caregivers.

Introduction: Universities, in addition to transferring knowledge, generate it; they must train students capable of learning autonomously to contribute to society. Of the scientific production of Latin America in the line of health, Chile produces less than 7% of the total. Therefore, scientific training will allow citizens to find solutions to contemporary problems. Objective: To analyze the development of investigative skills in the nursing career curriculum of a private university. Methodology: Evaluative intrinsic case study. Results: The 28 disciplinary subject programs analyzed have, in the first eight semesters of the degree, 216 taxes on investigative skills, taxes identified in learning outcomes, evaluation methodologies, classroom activities, workshops, and personal work. Of the total taxes, 72% are taxed in the 7th, and 8th semesters, the year the undergraduate thesis is designed and executed. Conclusions: The analyzed curriculum pays methodologically in its ten semesters, all investigative skills; however, there is no progressive and continuous development before the subject of research methodology taught in the seventh semester.

Objective: To know the experiences of nursing professionals caring for people at the end of life due to COVID-19 hospitalized in an intensive care unit. Methodology: For this, we undertake a qualitative, descriptive research, which approaches the interpretative paradigm. Between May and June 2022, we interviewed 12 nursing professionals working in an intensive care unit of a philanthropic hospital in southern Brazil. The data were managed in the Atlas.ti program and submitted to thematic analysis. Results: Presented in this article concern the thematic unit Nursing care at the end of life due to COVID-19 in Intensive Care Unit, constituted by the subunits: The possibility of death: "Unfortunately we didn’t have much to do to reverse that situation"; "We were aware that the patient was going to die": communication between care teams; "We did everything for everyone"; "We did not have much contact with the family": the distancing of the nursing team and, finally, "It was them with themselves": experience of patients in ICU from the perspective of professionals. Conclusions: Experiences described reinforce the need for education to nursing teams, especially in ICU, for palliative care. Although they are not restricted to the final stage of life, they can make the difference between dying with dignity and dying with suffering and loneliness, especially in periods of health emergency marked by high mortality.