Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Introduction: Cuba has a large reserve of natural peloids, specifically of coastal, saline and hydrothermal origin. Currently, peloid-based therapy is included in the national integral rehabilitation system, starting from the secondary level of health care. However, the current status of the chemical characterization of such peloids in Cuba is rather poor. Even though a Cuban Norm for Peloids exists, its scope is limited, because it does not regulate the permissible limits for organic compound and inorganic elements (including radionuclides) present in the peloids, as indicators of pollution and potential toxicity for humans. Objectives: To develop a procedure involving nuclear and nuclear-related techniques that enables the physicochemical characterization of the main natural peloids being used for therapeutic purposes in the country.Methods: The combination of determining the physicochemical parameters, the inorganic/organic and radiological composition, as well as the morphological and structural characteristics in order to assess the quality of the main national peloids.Results: For the first time, the organic, inorganic and radiological characterization of the main Cuban peloids has been studied, allowing the evaluation of the peloid's quality based on established radiological norms and values from international guidelines for sediments and cosmetic products guidelines. This study provides the scientific basis for the development of future regulations for the therapeutic use of peloids.Conclusions: The physicochemical characterization performed on national peloids permitted their classification as non-contaminated in relation to the determined trace elements and to the identified organic compounds. On the other hand, the determined levels of equivalent radioactive dose do not exceed the levels for occupationally exposed persons or therapy users, established by the international regulatory organisms. A scientific basis for the preparation of future regulations for the therapeutic use of national peloids was provided.

Introduction. Throughout history, mankind has suffered from the scourge of potentially fatal viral and parasitic diseases. Objective: To assess the bioregulatory potential of larval fishes and copepods on larval populations of culicids of veterinary medical importance, as well as the contribution of mathematical modeling in the provinces of Villa Clara and Sancti Spíritus, from the year 2000-2019.Methods. The main river reservoirs existing in both provinces were sampled, both for fish (jamo: 75 x 50 x 50 cm and 150 cm of mango); copepods (strainer: 14 x 15 x 13 cm, with mesh size, 200 μm). A comparison was made between the chemical treatment based on Temepho 2% and the biological/fluvial fish, which made it possible to do an economic and cost risk analysis of both treatments. The bioregulatory capacity of the copepod species Mesocyclops aspericornis on mosquito larvae Cx. quinquefasciatus was assessed at laboratory scale and the mathematical modeling of the mosquito larval density with some climatic variables, by means of multivariate linear regression (Dummy variables, ARIMA and ROR modeling).Results. Identification of 11 river fish species in Villa Clara while, in Sancti Spíritus, 15 fish species were identified, grouped in 12 genera and six families. Three species of copepods with bioregulatory potential were identified, one of which was a new record for Cuba (Mesocyclops aspericornis). The three methodologies of mathematical modeling were applied to the population dynamics of culicids; the ROR methodology stood out for its benefits and advantages.

Introduction: A quasi-experimental study was carried out with the aim of designing a psychotherapeutic protocol for suicidal behavior in adolescents from the César Fornet Fruto University Polyclinic Health Area in Banes.Method: A non-probabilistic sampling was carried out determining 75 subjects for the sample in the experimental group and 80 in the control group. The Suicidal Behavior variable and associated alterations were operationalized using the Suicidal Ideation Scale, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (IDARE) and State-Trait Depression Inventory (IDERE).Results: From the intervention, the expression of suicidal ideation was suppressed. It was possible to reduce anxiety as a state-trait to a low level in 91 % and 97 % of the cases and depression in the same way in 93 % and 99 % of the cases. Self-esteem showed an increase to a high level (93 %). McNemar's values for calculated chi square (67,7-142,72) were statistically significant.Conclusions: With the results obtained, it can be concluded that the protocol designed and applied in the experimental group guarantees the suppression of suicidal intention, increases the levels of self-esteem and decreases anxiety and depression as alterations associated with suicidal behavior in the sample studied.

The current difficulties generated by the arrival of COVID-19 worldwide have collapsed health systems even in developed countries, because of the behavioral dynamics of the virus, its high rate of transmissibility, the unawareness of many of the virus's diffusion mechanisms and also because of the also because of the reactive approach by public systems. In this complex context, having mathematical tools helping visualize possible scenarios and behavior of COVID-19 at the national and even local levels becomes increasingly necessary. This article shows some preliminary considerations of epidemiological models for predicting the behavior of COVID-19. A SIRD model was used for its application in the Province of Holguín.

Considering the Release published by the Cuban Academy of Sciences in the face of the enormous local and global challenges associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, it is necessary that all the Cuban scientific community be placed in the management and investigation of this disease. Since the XVI century our country has been confronting epidemic outbreaks in political and social conditions very different from what we now have. SARS-CoV-2 (CoV-2) is the new coronavirus, which causes the disease coined by WHO as COVID-19 since February 2020. Different countries have reported CNS manifestations, but neuroprotective strategies have not been implemented. In the present article we provide a brief overview of the neurological manifestations which have been reported during the COVID-19 pandemic. We also highlight the importance not only of treating the immediate damage to the CNS caused by the virus in these patients, but also suggest the introduction of a neuroprotective agent, such as intranasal Neuro-EPO -a Cuban molecule capable of potentiating the endogenous defenses of the brain- which could prove to be effective in locally diminishing the immediate and possibly long term damage of the virus on the nervous system.

(editorial)

Se realiza de forma simultánea un abordaje endonasal endoscópico extendido transplano transtubérculo y uno subtemporal tipo “llave-cerradura” a un paciente con diagnóstico de craneofaringioma gigante que crecía en la región supraselar con extensión lateral al seno cavernoso y la fosa media derecha. Se utilizaron 2 módulos videos endoscópicos y 2 equipos quirúrgicos que operaron de forma simultánea accediendo a la lesión tumoral desde 2 perspectivas anatómicas diferentes y confluyendo en un área anatómica por encima de la carótida cavernosa, con lo que se logró una resección macroscópica total. El paciente fue dado de alta a los siete días con una evolución clínica satisfactoria.

Introducción. La Reforma Constitucional es una institución jurídico-política que brinda garantía de preservación, continuidad y cambio, a la vez que seguridad jurídica en su instrumentación, si reglas y límites precisos se formulan en los textos supremos. Su regulación, y las exigencias que en torno a ella sean desarrolladas, han venido evolucionando desde el primer texto escrito y codificado hasta la fecha; lo mismo ha ocurrido en las Constituciones cubanas.Objetivo. El texto cubano de 2019 está siendo objeto de instrumentación legal de varios de sus contenidos, y entre ellos lo relativo al procedimiento de reforma constitucional. No obstante, frente a la escasez de análisis doctrinales correspondientes a la nueva Constitución, y a esta institución en particular, se hace necesaria una mirada doctrinal en pos de su ulterior perfeccionamiento y posible adecuación a nuevas situaciones.Métodos. Se empleó el método de investigación jurídico-doctrinal, que permitió el análisis de los fundamentos y principios generales de la institución objeto de estudio; el histórico-jurídico, para desentrañar el tracto y desarrollo histórico de la reforma constitucional tanto en el plano doctrinal, en América y en Cuba; y el método analítico-jurídico, para valorar las normativas relativas a dicha institución jurídica, así como desentrañar su esencia axiológica. Asimismo, fue empleada como técnica de investigación la revisión de documentos, tanto de fuentes teóricas como normativas.Resultados. Se obtuvieron como resultados principales un análisis de las posturas doctrinales acerca de la reforma constitucional, los fundamentos y exigencias para su realización, tanto de carácter general como los aplicables a la Constitución cubana; así como un estudio histórico doctrinal de la expresión de la institución de reforma constitucional, en particular, en los textos cubanos. Como colofón de la investigación, y aporte sustancial, una identificación y argumentación de los principios doctrinales que han de sustentar el procedimiento de reforma constitucional en Cuba conforme al texto del 2019.Conclusiones. Ya nació la ley llamada a desarrollar la institución de la reforma constitucional en Cuba al amparo del texto fundamental de 2019, aún falta su instrumentación en la vida diaria ante la presencia de nuevas condiciones, necesidades, reclamos. Corresponden ahora los análisis profundos acerca de los principios técnicos jurídicos y políticos que enrumben y delimiten que la Constitución y sus contenidos sean realidad y garantía superior; y estos deben ser: soberanía popular, participación, transparencia, progresividad, publicidad, autenticidad y seguridad jurídica. Su observancia es una vía de defender el texto constitucional y lo que se consagra.

Introduction. Different branches of the economy demand studies on the protection of materials in the particular conditions of Cuba. Many tasks were done without considering the corrosive environmental aggressiveness. Objectives: solving the deterioration problems permits increasing the lifespan of structures, with significant economic savings, social benefits and minimal environmental impact.Methods. The behavior, technological requirements and protection methods of the most widely used materials in the construction industry were studied.Results. The necessary thicknesses for the lacquering of aluminum and the improvements in its obtaining process were established, with significant savings and reduction of the environmental impact, as well as the deterioration mechanism, influencing factors and procedures to rehabilitate heritage buildings. Corrosive aggressiveness of the atmospheres in strategic areas of Cuba and its influence on the deterioration of materials were determined. The results of the investigations reported on these topics were obtained in the institutions involved. They allow for the execution of various processes, with criteria of durability and lifespan, optimizing resources, conservation and renovation of infrastructures. The results were of a high scientific level, relevance and topicality, being in accordance with the scientific-technical development inside and outside Cuba.

The objective of this study is to review the available evidence on the role of Electroencephalogram (EEG) in the context of the impact of infection by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on the central nervous system. The study was based on an exhaustive review of the publications indexed in the National Library of Medicine of the United States of America (Pubmed/Medline). In addressing the neurological complications of SARS-CoV-2 infection, emphasis is placed on reports of epileptic seizures, non-seizure epileptic states, acute symptomatic seizures, and encephalopathies. The EEG findings reported in the literature are detailed. Recommendations for the EEG recording and interpretation are also presented concerning patients under investigation for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID -19), in both outpatient and hospitalization statuses, emphasizing the Care Intensive Units. It is concluded that EEG provides relevant information for the evaluation of neurological manifestations in patients under investigation for COVID-19. Carrying out the different types of EEG studies requires the assessment of risk versus benefit, and demands compliance with biosafety protocols.