Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

In recent years the larvae of the genus Phyllophaga have become a serious problema in agriculture, causing losses ranging from 10 to 100 % of production, so farmers need to fight it with chemicals which are usually highly toxic. The ecological consequences of the use of insecticides are currently of great concern. The objective of these products is to kill insect pests, consequently they may cause an impact on non-target organisms, may contaminate food products and water for higher trophic levels, and possibly affect human health conditions. In nature, there is a great diversity of microorganisms, including entomopathogenic fungi, capable of controlling and reducing the larval population of Phyllophaga spp., mitigating damage to crops, and reducing production losses. Based on that, the objective of this research was to characterize and evaluate the incidence of larvae of the genus Phyllophaga in several cultures within 'La Matara' community (Saraguro canton, Loja), as well as to seek and characterize entomopathogenic fungi locally atacking Phyllophaga larvae. As a result, larvae from Phyllophaga obsoleta (representing 89% of the total population collected, distributed in all the crops evaluated) and from Cyclocephala genus were identified (only in the avocado crop). Also, the presence of Metarhizium anisopliae was confirmed parasiting Phyllophaga larvae in the agricultural soils of the community, which may be used for a biological control in La Matara. Keywords: Phyllophaga spp., entomopathogenic fungus, Cyclocephala, Metarhizium anisopliae.

After World War II, a period of economic growth began reaching, with fluctuations, to 1973 oil crises. Those years, of the affluent society in Galbraith's words, were not free from health tragedies: polio, flu (in its various forms), and later AIDS, affected the entire planet. Medical advances allowed many people to overcome diseases but did not prevent their consequences. Any permanent disability affects the life of those who suffer it, not only because it prevents them from doing essential things, but also because of social rejection that, to a greater or lesser extent, they may suffer. The way in which public space is organized, the architecture that occupies it and the objects we use are more responsible for disability than the illnesses or accidents suffered by those affected. The role of design in this complex framework is so contradictory that it can be the solution to many problems, but also the cause of many of them. This article reviews the circumstances that led to the formation of movements in favor of accessibility and their role in the development of a legal framework to people with disabilities. It analyzes the influence of hygienism and eugenics in design and deals with the difficulty of conventional design to meet the needs of people with disabilities.

The Linking spaces, linking people project is a series of actions / interventions that are proposed as a branding strategy for the LINK by UMA-Atech brand on the university campus of the University of Malaga. Strategy composed of different interventions that consist of artistic installations around the campus using a language typical of contemporary artistic practices, thus achieving a combination in the communication strategy - in accordance with the disruptive philosophy - of the brand object of this study: LINK by UMA -Atech, a brand of the University of Malaga. LINK by UMA-Atech is the brand of a service dedicated exclusively to promoting entrepreneurship and open innovation, and whose hub constitutes an ecosystem uniquely different from its parent brand (i.e. institutional brand of the UMA). Our objective is to analyze this case, within its brand architecture, in comparison with the case of the Wayra brand, as a benchmark for entrepreneurship and open innovation and registered in the Telefónica corporation. and thus propose a methodology of implosion and explosion of the brand identity through an explosion strategy that is reflected in the strategy that generated as a result Linking Spaces, linking people. In addition, through this article we identify links through branding art and the need to build a typology of brand architecture for the University of Malaga that allows it to optimize and differentially manage its identity and its entire brand system.

The concept of servitization first appears in 1988 whith the publication of Vandermerwe & Rada’s article (Vandermerwe & Rada, 1988), and it designates the tactic consisting in additioning or infusing services to preexisting offerings, turning them in all sorts of hybrids (PSS type).  Servitization has been used as a business model innovation tool and, as such, it has been adopted by organizations of all kind and sizes, with inconsistent results. Today, such tactic is undergoing a strong scrutiny after several of its proponents backed up and started diluting or removing the services they had previously incorporated.  Far from seeing it as just a tactic to diversify offerings, I posit in this piece for servitization to be considered integrally and applied from the internal organization of the firm all the way to the ecosystem the organization is part of, and, of course, to the services themselves, in order for the company to truly transition from a transactional business model to a relational one. The tool I believe works best for this business transformation is service design, knowing that it is the discipline that can currently guarantee a systemic adaptation of companies to the new and changing conditions of the socioeconomic environment. It goes without saying that this conceptual proposal should need a later research applied to specific cases in order to be validated and improved; my intention here is to simply contribute to the discussion by bringing, for lack of a proper academic procedure, a personal perspective that stems from a long exposure to this field of study.

This paper analyses the context and the design’s process of the bespoken typefaces “Malacitana®” and “Malacitana Sans®”. An open multi language typographic system created to reinforce the sense of belonging of the university community. “Malacitana®” results from a research process that starts from the conviction in the strategic value of a typographic form as a vehicle to endow characteristically the flow of knowledge that characterises an institution in the culture such as Malaga University.   This paper describes the stylistic features that characterise this typographic project in similar projects. “Malacitana®” is a slab-serif typeface designed on a humanistic structure. Malacitana Sans® is a humanistic linear typeface (according to VOX ATypI classification) These fonts have an extended character set and a wide linguistic coverage (Latin Pro, Ext-A, Ext-B) that guarantees its application in different contexts of use.

At the end of the 18th century Francisco de Goya, apart from his usual painting, decides to create Los Caprichos, a series of engravings where he announces that he will put an image to the ridicule of his society using what he calls «universal language». So, he sets out to tread on the terrain of visual communication with images that are critical of his society in the path of his Enlightenment group of friends. In this way, he gets into the problems of design that a graphic message destined for massive diffusion. This work serves as a reflection on the relationship between art and design and their different creative strategy of expression and visual communication. The contradiction between commisioned art and whimsical design is posed here, as well as the challenge of creating a universal visual language. With Los Caprichos, Goya sets a precedent for what are the most committed editorial images in the press of our times.

Este trabalho aborda a análise da produção de artigos envolvendo o tema de divulgação científica em periódicos de ensino de ciências nos últimos dez anos. Adotou-se a perspectiva de que esse gênero é uma terceira cultura e um discurso próprio, pois possui uma linguagem particular. O presente trabalho tem como motivação a busca de demandas de pesquisas sobre divulgação científica com o intuito de nortear o problema de pesquisa de uma dissertação de mestrado. Assim, surge a nossa questão de pesquisa: Qual é o estado da arte das pesquisas sobre análise e construção de materiais didáticos com o tema divulgação científica nos últimos dez anos no Brasil? Para responder essa pergunta utilizamos a metodologia de pesquisa documental tipo síntese e propomos as seguintes questões a serem respondidas: quais os referenciais teóricos utilizados? Quais as metodologias utilizadas na análise e construção dos materiais de divulgação científica? Quais os temas científicos utilizados nessas análises e construções? Foram analisados 11 periódicos e coletados 52 artigos. Estes artigos foram categorizados segundo a sua disciplina, finalidade e referenciais teóricos. Por meio das análises destes trabalhos procurou-se responder as questões propostas. Concluiu-se que se trata de um campo que tem grandes potencialidades para alfabetização e educação científica, mas pouca atenção tem sido dada a qualidade dos materiais que são produzidos, as análises e construções envolvendo aspectos historiográficos e epistemológicos, ao feedback dos leitores e a construção de novos materiais por docentes e discentes. Isto revela um campo ainda a ser explorado pelos pesquisadores em divulgação científica e de educação em ciências.

Neste artigo, apresentamos um conjunto de atividades didáticas (AD) de Mecânica, baseadas em Resolução de Problemas (RP) e simulações computacionais (SC). Esse conjunto de AD tem como objetivo abordar os conteúdos conceituais, procedimentais e atitudinais de forma integrada, através da estratégia de Resolução de Problemas proposta por Pozo. Ainda, com o auxílio de simulações computacionais, as atividades buscam munir os estudantes de habilidades e competências em um Ambiente de Computação Numérica (ACN). A análise dos resultados obtidos pela implantação das AD em uma turma de alunos ingressantes de um curso de Meteorologia de uma Universidade Pública, mostrou que a estratégia de RP em Física ainda é uma importante ferramenta de ensino e que a articulação entre essa e o uso de SC, potencializaram o desenvolvimento de competências e habilidades associadas aos conteúdos conceituais e procedimentais, assim como em um ACN, de modo que os principais objetivos puderam ser alcançados, tendo ainda, a partir da análise, potencial para ser generalizada para outras realidades escolares.

This research were analyzed perceptions about being a teacher, motivations and initial expectations regarding the Institutional Program of Initiation to Teaching Scholarships (PIBID). The subjects were freshmen of a course of Chemistry Degree, Barcarena-PA campus, participants in the selection of scholarships for the Chemistry subproject of the University of the State of Pará (UEPA). The research was qualitative and the corpus consisted of transcripts of twenty interviews conducted in the selection phase, and logbooks, prepared by nine scholars during the first four months of the project. For interpretation, content analysis was used. The results indicated that only 5% of the freshman had a degree in chemistry as an option, 40% believe that the teacher is a transmitter of knowledge, 50% consider the opportunity for preparation for teaching as the main motivation for joining the program, 70% have the expectation of being interested in teaching and another 30% are looking for professional experience. The actions developed so far have aroused interest in the profession, encouraged the permanence in the course and triggered in an incipient way the process of reflection on the teaching practice.

This paper seeks to address the strategic evolution of the transatlantic passenger shipping companies over the fifteen year period following the Second World War. It focuses on a very turbulent period of a shipping business principally based on emigration demand. During the period under consideration, the transoceanic shipping lines evolved from a strong dynamic phase to one of incipient decline. The research pursues two basic objectives: to examine the changes that took place in the line services and to analyse the cruise offer in detail, paying particular attention to the Spanish market. The essay includes an innovative estimate of the cruise traffic during the 1950s, taking the port of Barcelona as a reference. The work methodology is based on analysing the port chronicles published by the newspaper La Vanguardia, together with the study of the advertising material gathered from different virtual newspaper libraries. The analysis reveals some important aspects, including the clear autonomy of the evolution of the cruise activity with respect to the overall trend in international tourism.