Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

La investigación que se presenta se realiza de acuerdo con la necesidad de resolver las insuficiencias en el proceso de superación de los metodólogos provinciales de las escuelas técnicas en Camagüey, pertenecientes al subsistema de la Educación Técnica y Profesional (ETP), que limitan el desempeño profesional de estos para contribuir a la calidad del proceso formativo de técnicos y obreros. Para ello se introdujo una estrategia de superación dirigida a la preparación de estos profesionales para el mejoramiento del desempeño en los diferentes contextos de actuación, a través de la orientación científico-metodológica, que consta de cuatro etapas: sensibilización y diagnóstico; planeación y organización; ejecución y evaluación. La interpretación de los resultados obtenidos al introducirla en la práctica demuestra la viabilidad de la estrategia para la preparación científico-metodológica y su contribución al mejoramiento del desempeño profesional de los metodólogos provinciales de la ETP en los diferentes contextos de actuación profesional.

Las sociedades contemporáneas, caracterizadas por tendencias neoliberales que exacerban la desigualdad entre los seres humanos, precisan de un sistema educativo que se pronuncie en la búsqueda de la justicia social. En tal sentido, la Educación Superior tiene la misión de preservar, difundir y crear la cultura de la humanidad a través de sus procesos docente-educativo, investigativo y vinculación. Para ello, debe estar en consonancia con lo más avanzado de la ciencia y la tecnología para formar profesionales competentes desde procesos de igualdad, respecto y equidad entre los actores de la formación, ya sea en contextos “monoculturales” y multiculturales. Este trabajo se sustenta en la metodología cualitativa con el empleo de los métodos del nivel teórico, los que permiten presentar un grupo de consideraciones y reflexiones críticas de los autores en torno a la didáctica, la investigación y la formación en la Educación Superior y la necesidad de reconocer la centralidad de la interculturalidad en esos procesos para alcanzar la plena justicia en los escenarios escolares. Las posiciones teóricas asumidas desde la antropología cultural contribuyen a esclarecer el paradigma de la diversidad cultural y poder trabajar en pos de la interculturalidad y su contextualización en la Pedagogía. Finalmente, se realiza un análisis crítico que conduce a revelar algunas carencias teóricas de las Ciencias Pedagógicas.

A inicios del año 2012 se implementó el proyecto ELINF en cinco universidades de Cuba como parte de la colaboración con Bélgica para fortalecer el uso de las TIC en los procesos de educación e investigación. Una de las líneas del mismo fue el trabajo con los ambientes virtuales de enseñanza aprendizaje sobre la base de la plataforma Moodle que ya se encontraba en funcionamiento por decisiones del Ministerio de Educación Superior cubano. En la Universidad de Holguín se evidenció entonces una problemática radicada en la insuficiente sistematización de la calidad de cursos virtuales para favorecer su usabilidad en los procesos de formación. A raíz de esta situación se generaron acciones que permitieron transformar la realidad de la institución. Por ello, el objetivo de este artículo es presentar los resultados de la evaluación de impacto realizada por el proyecto para su evaluación externa sobre el período 2012-2018. Dentro del mismo se analizan los indicadores de evaluación relacionados con: transformaciones tecnológicas, tendencia al crecimiento de usuarios y cursos virtuales, cumplimiento de los cursos virtuales con respecto a los planes de estudios de las carreras, calidad de los cursos virtuales, tendencia al crecimiento de recursos y actividades, aseguramiento de la formación de profesores y desarrollo de investigaciones.

El trabajo con el mapa histórico es un tema de gran importancia en el campo metodológico de la enseñanza – aprendizaje de Historia. Sin embargo, en la práctica pedagógica, se observa en reuniones metodológicas, en la observación a clases, y el intercambio de experiencias con los docentes de Geografía e Historia, el desconocimiento en el proceder didáctico para desarrollar la habilidad de localización, al abordar un hecho, fenómeno o proceso histórico dentro de la clase. El presente artículo tiene el propósito de realizar una valoración teórica- metodológica  referente a esta habilidad, esencial en la comprensión de los objetos, fenómenos y procesos en la enseñanza-aprendizaje de la Historia.

Objective: To verify the changes in daily life in institutionalized older adults caused by the impact of the disease, was the general objective of this ethnographic research. Method: The study was carried out with 99 residents of a long-term care institution for the elderly in southern Brazil. There was documentary research of the Institution and the permanence of the researcher to familiarize him with the environment and the entire public. Participant observation and semi-structured interviews were used for data collection. After the fieldwork, the data were analyzed through the description of the observation and the hermeneutic-dialectic method. Results: The results showed functional dependence, loss of autonomy, and personal control. Based on the participants’ comments, the study detected a lack of freedom, physical dependence to carry out routine activities, occupation reduction, isolation, and difficulty to sleep. The impairment of mobility was noted in the participant observation and the interviews. Conclusion: In the final remarks, the issue of qualitative research highlights the restriction of autonomy that older people are residing in the Institution in the face of the new conditions experienced in institutional life caused by the disease, which interferes with the quality of life of these residents.

Aim: The current exploratory study sought out to examine the predictive role of emotion regulation related processes (cognitive fusion, experiential avoidance, self-compassion, and self-judgment) and chronic illness-related to shame in the psychopathological symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress in patients presenting a diagnosis of coeliac disease. Method: Sixty-seven participants with self-reported coeliac disease were recruited through a patients’ association and completed an online sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire and a set of self-report instruments, namely the Anxiety, Depression, and Stress Scales – 21 (DASS-21), the Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire – Chronic Illness (CFQ-CI), the Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II (AAQ-II), the Self-Compassion Scale (SCS), and the Chronic Illness-related Shame Scale (CISS). The mediating role of the emotion regulation related processes and the chronic illness-related shame was analyzed by calculating hierarchical multiple linear regressions. Results: The self-judgment composite index (self-criticism, isolation, and overidentification) was the only significant predictor of depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms in people with coeliac disease. Conclusions: In psychological interventions designed for patients with coeliac disease, assessment and clinical work targeting self-judgment as an emotion regulation process may be relevant to promote therapeutic gains regarding the negative emotional symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress.

Background and Aim: Conventional rehabilitation treatment processes demonstrate several limitations; therefore, games have been increasingly used because of their potential to integrate the multidimensional components affected by Parkinson's disease. This study aims to test the application of a traditional game program adapted to people with PD, including intergenerational dynamics.  Method: Three sessions were held with adapted traditional games, including nine older adults with Parkinson's Disease. Additionally, a session with intergenerational dynamics was also organized, preceded by an educational session for children about the aging process. Thus, before and after each session, the level of self-efficacy was assessed using the Sense of Activity Self-Efficacy Scale, as well as collecting feedback from participants and children using a structured interview. The analysis of this interview involved the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health coded by two independent investigators.  Results: Throughout the games' sessions, it was observed that about 50% of participants improved regarding their self-efficacy level, and the remaining 50% maintained the maximum rating. It was also noted the importance of the educational session for children where there was an improvement in the level of learning, reaching specific areas such as: "learning adaptations of games for the elderly," as well as the "importance of children's support on games' implementation session." Also, during the sessions, people with Parkinson's Disease pointed out the importance of themes such as the affective component that comes out from this experience, memories, the relationships between participants and children.  Conclusions: This study showed that traditional games with adapted instructions have an impact on the participants' self-efficacy level and were a stimulus for positive dynamics across generations.

Objective: The current study assessed depressive symptoms in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) patients and explored whether these symptoms were associated with glycemic control. Methods: A cross-sectional design was used. Patients attending diabetes consultations participated in the study (N = 347). Participants completed the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and glycemic control was based on A1C criteria. Results: The mean score on the BDI, for either T1DM or T2DM, was not clinically significant and was not associated with diagnosis duration. The association between depression and glycemic control was significant in both DM types. T2DM participants presenting more depressive symptoms were those with greater glycemic control. T1DM and T2DM differences regarding depressive symptoms were in somatic symptoms. Conclusions: In T2DM depressive symptoms may be confounded with DM physical consequences. There is also the possibility that negative mood plays a mediating role in mobilizing survival strategies that promote glycemic control. Furthermore, the assessment of depressive symptomatology in patients with diabetes could benefit from the availability of a disease-specific measure.

[This paper has no abstract. First 111 words are shown] Chronic insomnia disorder (CID) is a highly prevalent sleep disorder and a public health problem (Riemann et al., 2017). It is well recognized as a subjective disorder. Subjective because the diagnosis is fundamentally based on the self-report/complaints of the patients and in the clinical assessment of the sleep expert through a systematic clinical interview – which is the standard method (gold standard) for establishing a diagnosis of CID (Marques et al., 2018). On the contrary, the diagnosis of other sleep disorders demands the so-called objective measures such as polysomnography (PSG) (Riemann et al., 2017). We cannot forget that being CID a subjective disorder, it is important to be exhaustive in clinical assessment.

Objective: The present study aims to evaluate the contribution in terms of the Mental Health First Aid program's effectiveness in mental health literacy about depression, based on a sample of nursing students when entering and integrating into the course. Method: A pre-experimental design with a single group design, pre- and post-intervention assessment was used. The program lasted one day (9 hours). The study sample consisted of 100 students from the 1st year of the Nursing course (in the integration to the course), having been selected in a simple random way using the software random.org. The average age was 18.54 years (SD = 2.00 years). For data collection, we used the Mental Health Literacy Assessment Questionnaire, applied to depression, the short version of the Beliefs about Mental Illnesses Inventory, and the Personal Stigma Assessment Scale. We calculated summary statistics, McNemar and Student's t-tests for paired groups, and measures of effect size, the g, and d, respectively. Results: An increase in mental health literacy was observed with the recognition of depression and communication strategies for providing first aid (p < .05), specifically in the adequacy and usefulness of valuing symptoms and not expressing judgments, as well as a reduction in stigmatizing attitudes about disorders and patients (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Despite the limitations related to the design used, namely the lack of a control group, the results indicate that the frequency of the program contributes to increase mental health literacy about depression and reduce the stigma associated with mental health problems.