Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Despite growing interest in high-intensity interval training as a time-effective way for older adults to improve their health, there is little consensus regarding the better way to plan a HIIT intervention. Given the loss of function and health problems of an older adult population, the identification and characterization of interventions and strategies is a fundamental prerequisite. The goals of this review are examining high-intensity interval training as a way to improve health, and finding out the highestintensity viable HIIT protocol. Studies were included in this systematic review if: (1) they studied a population of older adults; (2) prescribed an intervention that can be described as high intensity; and (3) reported health-related outcome measures. The resulting 14 papers were included in our study. The present review found that high-intensity interval training is an effective tool to improve indicators of body composition as well as cardiometabolic and cardiovascular health, with 90-95% HRmax cycle ergometer sessions held two-three times a week, with a minimum session length of 40 minutes, in an intervention at least 12-week long, effecting significant improvements on the health of participants. Recommendations regarding optimal exercise duration and rest intervals must remain ambiguous given the scarcity of published literature and the methodology and limitations of those studies that are already available

Physical activity is associated with personal performance however, they are considered separate domains of physical function. When the physical activity level is insufficient, the decrease in muscle mass is accelerated. Considering the feminization of aging, it was proposed to analyze the association between different types of physical activity (total physical activity, home, exercise and leisure), personal characteristics, muscle mass and strength in older women in the community. Non-experimental study with descriptivecorrelational design in assistants of three Seniors centers of the office for the Integral Development of the Family. The Physical Activity Scale of the Elderly, Short Physical Performance Battery and bioimpedance analysis were applied. In 200 participants, an inverse association was found between age and muscle mass, strength of upper limbs and physical performance (p<.05). Age showed no association with the time of performance in the lower limb strength test (p>.05). The type of physical activity that contributes the least to the total physical activity is the one that is done in free time. Evidence is presented on the differential influence of the physical activity of the home, exercise and age on the muscular strength of older women of the community.

Is an increasingly frequent pathology in our society due to the general increase in life expectancy. It has a extensive social and economic impact. An epidemiological study is essential to describe the predominant characteristics of the patients affected by such fractures that help us adopt the most convenient and individualized treatment in each case. Usually, these types of patients have abundant associated pathologies that condition the prognosis in the short and long term. The etiology is multiple, there are clear predisposing factors such as osteoporosis, constitutional factors (age, race), nutritional status, weight, toxic habits, intake of medications, etc. Elderly people may even be depleted from doing their usual activities and personal hygiene. Hip fracture is common among women due to osteoporosis. They are classified according to the type of fracture and the anatomical location. The initial diagnosis is made by physical examination and the use of radiographs. Early surgical treatment has been shown to improve functional results and decrease mortality. Its objective is to repair or replace the fractured bone. There is a need to create specialized multidisciplinary care that is capable of identifying and treating specific requirements.

The use of antibiotics is one of the main tools for the therapeutic management of most infections of bacterial origin. It is excessive and unnecessary use can cause damage to both public and individual health. The work that we present part of the research carried out in a health area with a population of about 84 thousand inhabitants. The main objective was to analyze the use of antibiotic drugs in our health area, global consumption and the consumption according to the type of antibiotic. Secondary objective was to compare the results obtained with the results reflected at the national level. Data were obtained through an electronic medical prescription billing software and the dose per inhabitant per day (DHD) measurement variable was used. The results showed that in our health area a lower use of antibiotics is observed in comparison with the data available nationwide, average consumption of antibiotics in Spain in the outpatient setting in 2017 was 16.13 DHD versus 15.22 DHD in our area

In Spain, children’s diet quality needs improvement, their fruit and vegetable consumption is lower than recommended servings per day, and their saturated fat intake is higher than recommended daily amount. Analyzing factors associated with diet quality is important to design interventions aimed at improving diet quality. Children completed a questionnaire on diet quality, confidence and peer support in fruit, vegetable and low-fat food consumption. Parents completed a questionnaire on family support and eating rules. A high-quality diet was associated with higher confidence in fruit and vegetable consumption in primary (girls p<0.001, boys p=0.01) and secondary school children (girls p<0.01, boys p<0.001), more eating rules in younger children (girls p<0.001, boys p<0.01), higher peer support in fruit, vegetable (girls p<0.05, boys p<0.05) and low-fat food consumption (girls p<0.001, boys p<0.05) in older children. Future interventions aimed at improving children’s diet quality should involve family and friends, and increase confidence in fruit and vegetable consumption.

Current spread of a pandemic by the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is a worldwide milestone. It has led to quarantine as a healthcare measure in the territories most affected. However, people with more negative emotional styles may run a higher risk of contagion by the disease, as both their physical and mental health are affected. The objective of this study was to identify in a systematic review, psychological factors associated with health during quarantine. For this purpose, a search was made of scientific articles in databases, such as Scopus, Web of Science, PsycINFO and CINAHL, where 62 documents were found, of which, after applying inclusion criteria, seven studies remained for their review. The results showed, first, that people in quarantine because of a pandemic had higher stress, anxiety, depression and distress. Second, that a positive emotional style was related to less risk of contagion of diseases. These results have implications for the practice, and especially for healthcare professionals who are indispensable in coping with disease in a pandemic. It would therefore be necessary to protect their health so that they, in turn, can offer quality care to patients in crises and emergencies.

At present, the figure of the informal caregiver is essential due to the notable aging of the population and, consequently, to the increase in the rate of dependent persons. Informal caregiver is the person who performs dependent care care. This research aims to analyze the perceived quality of life in addition to the need for training of informal caregivers of dependent people. Among the objectives lies in training the caregiver in knowledge, skills and attitudes, knowing the main characteristics of the caregiver of dependent people and improving their quality of life. The method used consists of three differentiated parts: a bibliographic search of scientific articles, an intervention for caregivers based on practical theoretical training on care assessed by means of surveys and, finally, an exhaustive statistical analysis. As results we objectify that the caregiver is a woman, daughter and without knowledge or experience in serious diseases. At the same time there is a statistically significant relationship between age and activity. Finally, the conclusion and discussion of this study demonstrates the effectiveness of the intervention of the nursing professional with the caregivers and objective that the profile of the caregiver is similar to other previous studies.

Basic psychological needs theory defends that social contexts which promote basic psychological needs for autonomy, competence and relatedness, have a positive effect on people’s well-being. Based on this theoretical framework, the aim of this study was to analyze the possible relationships between older people’s perceived social support, their basic psychological needs satisfaction and their well-being, measured by life satisfaction and selfesteem. Participants of the study were 137 older people. Results of the study showed that both perceived social support and basic psychological needs satisfaction act as positive and significant predictors of elderly people’s well-being. Finally, results revealed that basic psychological needs satisfaction functions as a mediator in the relationship between perceived social support and older people’s life satisfaction. This mediational role couldn’t be demonstrated in the relationship between perceived social support and self-esteem. These results emphasize the importance of developing programs that promote an adequate social support and the basic psychological needs satisfaction of the elderly people to promote their well-being.

Older women are considered more fragile tan men. This leads to an increased risk of suffering a fall. Moreover, the mental health is directly associated with balance and therefore with falls. The objectives of the present study were: a) to determine the relationship between the static balance and gait with the mental health and the age of physically independent older women, b) to analyse if the cognitive decline determines the physical and mental parameters analysed. One hundred and twenty women between 60 and 80 years old were invited to collaborate in the study. The Katz scale was used to determine their functional Independence. The cognitive function was measured with the Mini Mental State. The one leg static balance (EEM) was measured with the One Leg Stanting Test. Gait was measured with the Timed Up and Go test. The mental health is directly associated with the Katz index (r² = 0,00317) and the EEM (r² = 0,132), and indirectly associated with the age (r² = 0,0509) and the gait (r² = 0,0822). The age is directly associated with the gait (r² = 0,115), and indirectly associated with the the Katz index (r² = 0,009) and the EEM (r² = 0,175). There were significant differences between the group with cognitive decline and the group whithout cognitive decline regarding the Katz index (P = 0,01), the mental health (P < 0,001), the EEM (P = 0,004) and the gait (P = 0,03). In conclusión, the age and the mental health predicts the one leg static balance and the gait in a physically independent old women simple. To accomplish cognitive stimulation exercises as well as static and dynamic balance exercises is recommended.

Discrimination against older adults by age, because a negative beliefs, attitudes and prejudices is frequent but little accepted and reported. The objective is knowing types and frequency of beliefs, stereotypes and prejudices towards the aging by older adults in the city of Torreón, Coahuila, Mexico and its association with personal, social, family and work aspects. The material and method are crosssectional study, 572 elderly adults randomly selected from the population. Prior informed consent, the Scale on Prejudice to Aging and Aging and the Questionnaire on Negative Stereotypes towards Aging were applied. It was analyzed in SPSS 20. The results are: in the affective field (feeling and prejudices), the most negative dimensions are to be politically correct, social isolation and self-esteem, The most negative items are being slow, old, sick, fatigued and boring. In the cognitive sphere 87.2% refer negative beliefs and stereotypes towards aging, and are associated with having family dysfunction, difficulties in their personal care and over 75 years. In older adults the frequency of beliefs, stereotypes and prejudices negative to old age is high and is associated with family and health factors.