Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

This paper aims to review 20 years of history of the Revista Latinoamericana de Derechos Humanos (Latin American Journal of Human Rights) since its inception as DEHUIDELA in 2009.  The article proposes that this publication is born as an effort of the Instituto de Estudios Latinoamericanos (Institute of Latin American Studies) (IDELA) to support the Human Rights program, as well as an opportunity to develop various themes that will stimulate the students of the Institute in their research topics.  Starting with a new effort in 2009, the journal takes a step to become an indexed scientific publication whose main focus is the publication of works related to human rights as perceived from various disciplines and approaches.  It is concluded  that the work input over the years has made Revista Latinoamericana de Derechos Humanos a quality print and electronic publication that contributes to the dissemination of knowledge of human rights in Latin America from the public university.es

El sostenido aumento de movilizaciones desde Venezuela hacia Costa Rica se presenta como un fenómeno altamente complejo cuya revisión ha agotado rápidamente las categorías tradicionales de análisis. Es por esto que, desde una perspectiva de Derechos Humanos, el presente artículo se articula desde el relato y la experiencia de la persona migrante como una herramienta necesaria para evidenciar las falencias y las limitaciones del entramado institucional que acoge, en Costa Rica, quienes se movilizan desde Venezuela.  El acceso al debido proceso, a la información, e inclusive, al derecho a migrar (o a no verse obligado a hacerlo) se pone en tela de juicio desde la experiencia narrada por Andreina, quien migró a Costa Rica en búsqueda de mejorar su calidad de vida. Esta experiencia resulta vital para deconstruir el discurso que, desde las instituciones que regulan el acceso de migrantes y desde el Estado como garante de Derechos Humanos, se ha perpetuado. Tanto una revisión breve del contexto geopolítico venezolano, como el análisis del relato, logran corporalizar violencias estructurales y culturales que son reproducidas por la institucionalidad y por las políticas públicas diseñadas para contener la creciente movilización humana en toda Latinoamérica.

The purpose of this article is to analyze the role played by Rafael Correa in the political relations between the governments of the United States and Cuba.  The former Ecuadorian president addresses the issues of human rights and democracy in the context of the Cuban Embargo that has endured for almost six decades.  The present research was carried out by studying ten videos in which Correa dwells on these subjects; seven videos were interviews and the other three conferences.  Considering the main subject axes (human rights, democracy and embargo) we proceeded to compare the allocutions, relate similarities and deepen the ideas; next, in-depth hermeneutics of the text (videos) were made within the context of the interview itself (sometimes controversial and other times more fraternal); finally, the exhibitor's thinking was systematized following the chronological order of his presentations.  Bibliographic sources (historical, biographical and philosophical), from authorized writers, were also used to sustain some of the developed ideas.  Some of the conclusions are: it is impossible to seriously analyze the Cuban political system without accounting for the economic, commercial and financial embargo suffered by the Island; Cuba possesses a socialist political system wherein a participatory democracy has developed; the embargo is effectively one of the greatest human rights violations of an entire nation; and, the opposition and rejection of the embargo stems from a matter of respect for international law and not due to political sympathies with the Cuban government.  This article merely constitutes an exploratory approach on the subject matter and invites to deeper inquire.

The objective of the present investigation was to generate evidence on elements that may constitute obstacles in the exercise of the right to health, while documenting violations of said right and characterizing the main forms of institutional violence suffered by users of public health services.  The recommendations of the Comisión Nacional de Derechos Humanos (CNDH) (National Human Rights Commission), published in its monthly gazette between 2000 and 2016, were analyzed for cases pertaining to health.  A quantitative analysis of simple frequencies and bivariate relationships was carried out and four population profiles were established: pregnant women, non-pregnant women, men and collective cases.  Subsequently, a content analysis of the legal narrations for each group was performed and analyzed through four analytical categories: (attention) waiting time, chain of errors, obstetric violence and exclusion.  We characterize the patterns present in the violation of the right to health and debate against the arguments that support the notion that most of the errors are mainly due to infrastructure problems.  In spite of considering that infrastructure deficiencies effectively influence user attention, a finding of the investigation is that, in a great number of complaint cases presented before the CNDH, infrastructure deficiencies are not the main element, but instead, are superseded by elements related to classism, racism and sexism, perpetrated through practices of discrimination, authoritarianism and social exclusion.

Amnesties and pardons in Colombia have been used as a means for political resolution to the armed conflict.  The political negotiation strategy of the armed struggle has not been a determining factor to help cessation of hostilities and the protection of human rights.  In 1958, Legislative Decree 0328 was issued in search of the pacification of the country’s southwest region, but later, it had to be extended to cover the entire territory due to the spreading of the effects of armed conflict to the rest of the country; its validity was short-lived and only provided benefits until 1959.  Between the second half of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st, several amnesties and pardons were signed in Colombia with different organized armed groups.  In 2005, Law 975 is signed, it is known as the Justice and Peace Law (Ley de Justicia y Paz) and was expected to demobilize the paramilitary groups that operated throughout the national territory and bring forth a shift in the way of negotiating peace.   In addition, the appearance of the category of victim, to whom rights were granted, was configured in Law 975.  The truth began to be spoken in parallel to the construction of historical memory.

The purpose of the article is to carry out a theoretical analysis regarding the conceptual bases and the approaches that have been built around Health Promotion (HP), with the purpose of identifying similarities, divergences, advances and opportunities to strengthen the coherent theoretical position with the philosophy of Health Promotion, from a positive, purposeful, proactive and innovative vision promoted from within Costa Rica.  Methodologically, content analysis is used, given the eminently theoretical approach of the article.  The object of study is the conceptual and theoretical development of HP and some of its visions.  The article discusses some theoretical currents linked to the topic, including the definition forwarded by PAHO in its 1986 Otawa Charter, healthy lifestyles, and the ability to enhance human development, to then emphasize the positive vision that is promoted by the Health Promotion Rectory Model of the Ministry of Health of Costa Rica; reference is made to differences existing between HP and prevention in general, including those related to rights and needs.  The work concludes with the importance of the subject in question, its contributions and relevance to improve the implementation of the HP model in the Región de Occidente of Costa Rica (Costa Rica’s Western Region), in the first instance, with possible dissemination to other regions or even other countries.

The judgement of Case of Cuscul Piraval and Others V. Guatemala of August 23, 2018, issued by the Inter-American Court of Human Rights represents the first specific condemnation of the principle of progressivity.  However, this substantial advance in the justiciability of economic, social and cultural rights is accompanied by enormous challenges yet to be overcome by the Inter-American system.  The present article reflects on these challenges by analyzing this important resolution.

The objective of the present article is to characterize the sociocultural profile of foreign indigenous women deprived of liberty in the regions of Arica-Parinacota, Tarapacá and Antofagasta, in northern Chile.  For this, a qualitative investigation was carried out by conducting semi-structured interviews.  As for the results, most of the women come from the regions of Puno, Peru, and Cochabamba, Bolivia; they correspond to the Aymara and Quechua populations, respectively; they carry out commercial activities related to cooking, cleaning, sewing, buy-and-sale of products; incarcerated for the crime of drug trafficking. Some of the conclusions raised by the research are the need to recognize self-identification and territorial origin as criteria to ensure indigenous quality in Chilean prisons.

The following article reflects on the memories and stories of women who were survivors of the Centro de Detención y Tortura la Venda Sexy (Venda Sexy Detention and Torture Center), of the Directorate of National Intelligence (DINA), during the military dictatorship in Chile.  This precinct, in particular, exacerbated the repression, inclined towards sexual political violence. Within these extremely repressive conditions there existed instances of resistance and sorority among women, which allowed them to bend that historical wound, towards an assemblage process, which has translocated to the current feminist struggle.

Presentación.