Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

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External root resorption (ERR) is a highly prevalent, multifactorial problem frequently associated with orthodontic treatment. Treatment is complex due to the lack of solid knowledge regarding predisposing factors, systematic management for diagnosis and follow-up protocols or thefundamental theoretical bases of adequate imaging tools for each situation. This review describes the indications of the use of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and the factors related to its development and the characteristics of the techniques used in the diagnosisand monitoring of ERR in orthodontics. We compared the advantages and disadvantages of CBCT based on the risk/benefits. Methods: We have reviewed and summarized the information and the risk factors available on ERR in orthodontics and the use of CBCT in the diagnosis and follow-up of ERR with the aim of developing a management protocol. Likewise, CBCT is compared with other imaging techniques frequently used in ERR. The articles reviewed in this study coincide in terms of the advantages of precision of CBCT in the detection and linear and volumetric measurement of ERR associated with orthodontics over two-dimensional techniques. However, CBCT cannot completely replace other imaging techniques since its effectiveness is not significantly greater in cases with moderate ERR compromise. The use of CBCT should be optimized following specific criteria for its application.   

The mandibular torus is a bony exophytic growth located in the lingual area of the mandible. While this growth is generally bilateral, it can be associated with temporomandibular disorders. I It affects pronunciation, produces halitosis, interferes with swallowing, and causes pain in themucosa under poorly designed prostheses. Normally, treatment is not necessary, except in cases with prosthetic needs, functional problems, food retention, phonetic disorders or if it is to be used as an autologous bone graft. The aim of this study was to perform a bilateral mandibular torusexcision in a systemically compromised patient for subsequent rehabilitation with a removable partial denture. A 66-year-old female presenting a bilateral mandibular torus attended our dental clinic. After achieving the diagnosis and analyzing the scientific evidence available, the bilateralmandibular torus was atraumatically excised, allowing correct seating of a removable partial denture. Bilateral mandibular torus excision is a safe and effective procedure, which helps to avoid prosthetic complications involving structural design and biological complications such as ulcers,food deposits and / or halitosis, restoring stability and function to the stomatognathic system. 

Osteomas are benign osteogenic lesions derived from compact or spongy bone. They are characterized by their slow growth and appear more frequently between 20 and 50 years of age, with a higher prevalence in men than in women. These lesions are clinically asymptomatic and canbe found in the craniofacial region, particularly in the paranasal sinuses and the mandible, and may have a central, peripheral or extraosseous presentation. Multiple osteomas are related to Gardner's Syndrome. Treatment of osteoma is surgical when complications develop. Imaging studies such as panoramic radiography and cone beam computed tomography are the modalities most widely used to determine the location, extent, and anatomical relationships of the lesion. Imaging features may present as a bony excretion of compact, spongy, or mixed bone. Adequate knowledge of these lesions allows adequate diagnosis and better treatment planning.

Radiographic examinations are very useful for endodontists to diagnose and plan efficient treatment for their patients. Until recently, 2- dimensional projections, mainly periapical radiographs, were used for treatment planning of endodontic cases with obliterated canals. However, at present, the use of cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) is the most accurate tool and its use is increasingly more frequent, especially in cases of obliteration of the root canal. Image-guided endodontics has become an alternative procedure to conventional treatment, facilitating the treatment of partially or totally obliterated root canals. While there are still no data on any clinical technique able to determine the exact location of a calcified canal, the intraoperative use of CBCT in very complicated endodontic cases can help endodontists obtain a more accurate diagnosis to perform the most adequate procedure and, thereby achieve more successful treatment outcomes. The preservation of the structure and long-term retention of the tooth is essential after endodontic treatment and the use of image-guided endodontics considerably reduces iatrogenic lesions with fewer complications during the localization of site of obliteration in the root canal. Thus, the objective of this review was to describe the state of the art in the imaging diagnosis of obliterated ducts.

In medicine, ultrasound is especially useful to evaluate intrauterine development, cyst behavior, and internal organs, but the use of ultrasound in dentistry has only recently been explored and used in the daily routine diagnostic methods in clinical dental practice. The growing interest in the useof ultrasound as a diagnostic and therapeutic method in dentistry has led to studies investigating its benefits in relation to accessibility, cost and innocuousness to health. This review describes the current use of ultrasound in different dental specialties and compares it with other diagnosticmethods.

The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has represented a major challenge for human beings during 2020. At time this editorial is written (December 7th) there was a total of 66’422,058 confirmed positive cases and 1’532418 deaths worldwide, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). In our country, the latest report released by the Ministry of Health (MINSA) showed a cumulative of 973,918 confirmed cases including 36,274 deaths. This dramatic scenario has brought various limitations in all aspects of our lives, forcing us to adapt to the “new normality”, which includes strong protection measures to restrain the spread of the viral infection among our population.  Although these restrictions have been progressively lifted with the passing of the months, educational activity at all levels has not yet been reestablished.

Environmental Education is a topic much discussed today, and considering this context,we think of inserting this theme in school, to promote reflection, observation anddiscussion of this theme, in order to lead students to relate to the environment withoutbeat him up. In this perspective, the present study aimed to analyze students' understanding, relationship and observations about the challenges for EnvironmentalEducation at Joaquim Clementino da Silva Freire School from the need to preserve theMamanguape River in the city of Alagoa Grande-PB. As a methodology, it was basedon the bibliographic research, which favored the construction of the theoreticalframework and understanding of the investigated theme, and the exploratory actionresearch, which guided the investigation of the practice in the field. As a data collectioninstrument, a questionnaire was used and the interpretation of the obtained data wereevaluated from the perspective of the qualitative and quantitative approach. The publicparticipating in this study was composed of students from the 4th and 5th grade of theabove school. The research obtained positive results in relation to the desiredobjectives, revealing, and making it more understandable and urgent for us, the needto insert the theme about environmental care in the school space.

This article is a descriptive study referring to the analysis of the activities offered at the Pedagogical Support Center to assist people with visual impairment in Roraima to users of this institution for their participation in society. Thus, the research sought to identify the results obtained. through the activities offered in the CAP / DV-RR, related to user participation in society. In this respect, starting from the following question: How do the activities offered in the CAP / DV-RR reflect the participation of its users in society? Therefore, a non-experimental, descriptive research with the interpretative paradigm and qualitative approach was developed. CAP / DV-RR teachers participated in this study and data were collected through semi-structured interviews. From the collected data, it was found that the activities offered in CAP / DV-RR, directly reflect the participation of users of this institution in society, in order to make them autonomous in daily activities, also contributing to the improvement of self-esteem. These results are due to the use of specific resources to work with the visually impaired, as well as the offer of adequate activities, which provide subsidy for the visually impaired who attend the CAP / DV-RR. Enabling them to actively participate in society, feeling capable, constituting these activities, indispensable tools in the process of development of these users.