Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Introduction: exposure to cardiovascular risk factors generally begins in adolescence. Objective: to describe the cardiovascular risk factors present in adolescents treatedin the Family Medical Office 6-13 of Encrucijada during the year 2018. Methods: a descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted during 2018, the population was 107 adolescents, a non-probabilistic sampling was performed, a sample was selected for convenience that was constituted by 83 young people to whom the identification test of the disorders due to alcohol consumption was applied also they were interviewed and physical and complementary tests were carried out. Epidemiological variables and cardiovascular risk factors were defined. The percentage analysis and the Chi square test of independence were used. Results: 30.1% of adolescents passed through the middle stage, 56.6% belonged to the female sex, 80.7% had no morbidity, hyperlipoproteinemia had an incidence and a prevalence of 6%; the 69, 9% were normal weight and 38.6% were exposed to two or three risk factors. Conclusions: female predominated that went through the middle and late stages. Among the cardiovascular risk factors, a personal history of arterial hypertension, hyperlipoproteinemia and diabetes mellitus were common. Teenagers were generally exposed to two or three cardiovascular risk factors. The number ofpredisposers was associated with the late stage and the male sex.

Introducción: el estudio de la enfermedad cardiovascular tiene gran importancia para el establecimiento de estrategias y políticas de prevención en la atención primaria de salud.Objetivo: determinar los factores de riesgo determinantes de la prevalencia de la enfermedad cardiovascular en adultos del Consultorio 16-12 del Policlínico “Santa Clara”.Métodos: estudio observacional, analítico y transversal en adultos dispensarizados en el año 2017. Se seleccionaron los pacientes por muestreo simple aleatorio. Se realizó un análisis bivariado a través de tablas de contingencia de 2x2 simples y estratificadas para buscar relaciones entre los riesgos y la enfermedad cardiovascular, la prevalencia y las razones de prevalencias; la fracción etiológica de expuestos y la fracción etiológica poblacional indicaron el impacto de la eliminación del factor de riesgo de haberse establecido medidas preventivas.Resultados: hubo relación significativa entre la enfermedad cardiovascular y los riesgos excepto con el sobrepeso-obeso. La prevalencia de la enfermedad fue cuatro veces mayor en hombres y en adultos mayores, cinco en hipertensos, 2,5 en diabéticos, 2,6 en fumadores, 3,1con hipercolesterolemia y 2,6 con hipertrigliceridemia. Ser sobrepeso-obeso incrementó la prevalencia de algunos factores de riesgo.Conclusiones: la estratificación expuso la acción modificadora de la condición de sobrepeso-obeso, el que incrementó la prevalencia de la enfermedad cardiovascular en pacientes hipertensos, adultos mayores o con hipercolesterolemia. La prevalencia en expuestos y la morbilidad y la mortalidad poblacional pueden disminuir con acciones de eliminación de la hipercolesterolemia y la hipertrigliceridemia, sobre todo en el sobrepeso-obeso.

Introducción: la epidemia por el nuevo coronavirus fue informada en diciembre de 2019 en Wuhan, China, y declarada en marzo una emergencia internacional por la Organización Mundial de la Salud; progresó a pandemia y está asociada a unas altas morbilidad y mortalidad. Presentación del caso: se presentan los dos primeros casos clínicos de adolescentes, ambas femeninas, del Municipio de Camajuaní, que fueron diagnosticadas como positivos al coronavirus. Se realizó una revisión actualizada del tema y de las diferentes opciones de tratamiento. Ambas pacientes fueron tratadas con oseltamivir y azitromicina según el protocolo vigente en ese momento al diagnóstico. Las pacientes presentaron reacción en cadena de polimerasa con transcriptasa reversa negativa para el virus a los 15 días de iniciados los síntomas. Conclusiones: en ambos casos se constataron manifestaciones inespecíficas y predominaron los síntomas respiratorios altos, hubo historia epidemiológica positiva para casos confirmados previamente y presentaron evolución satisfactoria sin complicaciones.

Introduction: the aneurysmal bone cyst is a rare bone tumor that occurs in the first two decades of life.Case report: 25 year old white male patient with no known morbidity who came to the Orthopedic and Traumatology Clinic for moderate pain in his right heel. The computerized axial tomography detected osteolytic image at the level of the right calcaneus that does not break the cortical with partitions in its interior.It was decided to make a subsequent surgical incision, a bone window was opened and the location was checked by C-arc fluoroscopy. Curettage of the unfilled tumor was performed with bone grafting, the removed tissue was sent to the Department of Pathological Anatomy.Conclusions: the most used treatment for aneurysmal bone cyst is curettage with or without bone grafting depending on the amount of bone tissue involved in the lesion.

Constitutional amendments no. 86, of March 17, 2015, n. 100, of June 26, 2019 and no. 105, of December 12, 2019, instituted and disciplined modalities and forms of execution of the so-called “mandatory budget”, characterized by the mandatory execution of budgetary programming from individual parliamentary amendments and from State or Federal District benches. It highlights the role that parliamentary amendments play for the governance of the country in the context of coalition presidentialism and that the creation of the imposing budget was not able to remove political patronage and still causes an interference in the planning of the state's activity, especially with regard to the implementation of public policies.

The aim of this article is aboard the importance of transparency in the democracy like an element indispensable for the effectivity in the citizen’s participation. In this instrument of participation there are the public consultation, the initiative of law, the independent candidacies, however, there are others instruments how the citizens can affect the public life in the region.