Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The dependency relationship between social welfare and mobilization in spaces for citizen participation (participatory performance) is a very widespread idea among the defenders of participatory democracy; however, it has not been sufficiently corroborated. In this study, the objective was to determine the level of social progress, participatory performance and evaluate the relationship between them, for the Peruvian case in 2016. Methodologically, a correlational design was adopted, with a probabilistic sample at the national level of 319 districts. In the measurement of social progress, the methodology of the Social Progress Index 2014 was used and for participatory performance the Evaluation of returns and mobilizing effects of citizen participation mechanisms was used, applied to the participatory budget process in 2016. Once carried out the measurement of each variable, its relationship was determined using the Spearman correlation coefficient, which is a recommended linear association measure to determine the correlation between variables that do not have a normal distribution. The results show that social progress and participatory performance in the districts of Peru have an inverse relationship in 2016, with a Spearman Rho of - 0.54. In general, the analyzed districts obtained an average score of 63.34 in the Social Progress Index (medium-low level); and 0.51 in Participatory performance (higher prevalence of districts with lower participatory performance).

The present research work aims to characterize the current solid waste management in the city of Puerto Maldonado, then estimate the willingness to pay for a better public cleaning service and finally the possibility of implementing a new waste management system is evaluated. solid. The contingent valuation method was used and the database was obtained from surveys carried out among the inhabitants of the city of Puerto Maldonado with a random sample of 318 observations. The results show that in the city of Puerto Maldonado the solid waste collection service is insufficient and inefficient, the payments made by the inhabitants for cleaning and gardens do not cover the operating costs to this is added non-payment of payments. The willingness to pay for implementing a plan to improve the solid waste cleaning service in the city of Puerto Maldonado is S/. 8.0, said payment would be directly to the municipality so that the funds can be used to finance investment, operation and maintenance costs, specifically the program to improve solid waste management in the city of Puerto Maldonado is economically viable.

The Tambopata National Reserve is currently in a vulnerable situation due to various threats such as agriculture and land invasions, gold mining, illegal extraction of wood, excessive extraction of other natural resources, the increase in migratory processes to the region that increase the pressure and threats on the protected area. The objective is to estimate the economic benefits generated by said reservation, the economic valuation method is the travel cost by calculating the consumer surplus which consists of estimating a visit function using the Poisson model applying the maximum likelihood estimation technique. The database was obtained from the application of a socioeconomic survey with a type of simple random sampling from which a total of 187 observations were obtained. It is evidenced that the economic benefit generated by the reserve measured by the consumer surplus on average per visitor exceeds $ 3, while the total benefit per year is $ 140,286, this result reflects the true economic value that the reserve has for society as a whole.

The purpose of this article on carbon credits is to transmit solutions for the mitigation of carbon emitted by industrial companies which allow the environment to be favored by means of certifications and incentives to companies that meet the requirements already proposed already proposed within the CDM Clean Development Mechanism. The carbon market, also known as a reduced emissions certificate, is a mechanism where its main objective is to help developing countries to comply with greenhouse gas reductions. Carbon credit market projects allow industrialized countries and polluting companies to reduce their GEI emissions through renewable energy projects.

The objective of this research is to determine the influence of agroecological production on the socioeconomic conditions of families in the lower area of the Coata River watershed. The study design is descriptive and correlational, for its development we worked with primary sources such as surveys and secondary sources through the review of related research. It is concluded that agroecological production influences the improvement of the socioeconomic conditions of families in the lower part of the watershed, mainly in the educational field, at the initial and primary levels; In addition, some agroecological practices contribute to producers no longer having access to social programs, since 17% of the population under study considers food or self-consumption as a condition for agroecological production, given that only 27.14% carry out agroecological production, 72.86% do not carry out any agroecological practice.

The objective of the research is to analyze how the preventive tax audit influences the tax risks of private clinics in the Puno region for the periods 2019 - 2020, for this purpose a quantitative approach, a deductive analytical method, a non-experimental design was applied. and descriptive correlational type. The results obtained according to the Pearson correlation show us that there is a low positive correlation between tax obligations and tax offenses and penalties, as indicated by the value of Pearson’s R correlation at 0.388 and the correlation between tax regulations and compliance with formal and substantial obligations has a moderate positive correlation, as indicated by the value of Pearson’s R correlation at 0.698. It is concluded that: after analysis and interpretation of the results obtained, it has been determined that the preventive tax audit moderately influences the tax risks in clinics in the Puno region, we also recognize that the preventive tax audit helps to detect and above all reduce tax risks.

This article aims to analyze the Sustainable Development Goal # 11 “Sustainable Cities and Communities” and its implications in the design, management and planning of the city. The work is the result of the Design Thinking Workshop carried out with students of the third year of the Social Anthropology of UNAN-Managua, Nicaragua. Methodology: the process was carried out through the social-qualitative approach based on the Design Thinking methodology and the ethnographic method, specifically brainstorming, four corners, sketch techniques were applied. Conclusions: Through the methods used and the results of the workshop, the main indicators proposed by the students were Human, Social, Environmental, Socioeconomic Development and Public Policies. The construction of sustainable cities and communities is possible through the integration of biogeographic, productive and social elements in terms of generating sustainable livelihoods. All of the above reflects the perspective of cohesive thinking among students, which aim to improve the quality of life of current and future generations. Originality: the writing constitutes a starting point for the analysis, design and management of the city sosteniproblems of cities and communities are opportunities to design life strategies and improvements in terms of sustainability between cities and communities taking as reference the development models that each cultural group builds. 

The present Research work is related to the intercultural realities among the women of the Miskito, Creole, and Mestizo ethnic groups in the city of Bilwi, Puerto Cabeza Municipality, RACCN. The city of Bilwi is characterized by being multiethnic and multilingual. Due to the diversity of ethnicities present within the population, from the cosmovision of coastal women, their daily life and intercultural relations with The purpose of identifying how and why they occur, from the perspective of women. What it was possible to identify is that ethnic groups figure women within their cultural practices as indispensable, as well as within their belief and cultural heritage system, the identity of women in terms of their ethnic origins is present, The role of women is strongly linked to the processes of interculturality and the formation of inter-ethnic families open the way to women’s perceptions of being a coastal woman within the City of Bilwi. All with the purpose of being able to project the importance of research that encompasses the best understanding of cultures, populations and the social reality that is lived in the Region of the North Caribbean Coast of Nicaragua, from the worldview, experiences and experiences of the The same population of Costa Rica under the eye of women, as they are indispensable for the integral development of the City of Bilwi.

The State of Nicaragua emerged as an instrument of the elites of the dominant (Castilian) culture, to subdue the other cultures that existed at the arrival of the Europeans and that managed to survive the Castilian and English colonization. After the so-called independence of Central America, the Creole elites assumed the mission of giving it continuity and concluding the colonization project begun in the 16th century. With this purpose, they did everything to take power and design a state model capable of assuring their interests. For a century and a half, this political instrument of cultural domination worked effectively in all its components, but public education was the main vehicle of cultural submission, especially from the end of the 19th century. However, after the triumph of the Revolution in 1979, a true process of independence began, which covered all areas of society and culture was one of the fundamental pillars of the creation of a new society. Over the course of these four decades, a process of intercultural dialogue has been developing, from whichindigenous and Afro-descendant peoples have gradually made very significant progress in dismantling the republican colonial system. This decolonization process reaches its peak, with the Constitutional Reforms in February 2014, which include provisions that allow Nicaragua to be located as a Pluricultural State. In this work, we try to explain the development of this decolonization process, highlighting the role of Indigenous and Afro-descendant Peoples in the different historical moments.

This essay aims to give some light on how social movements are important organizations that have formed in the history of humanity to seek alternatives and solutions to living conditions that make a society more cultured, thrives and where the exercise of enjoyment Full of Human Rights since inclusion, equality and equity must be the work engine of all states. This essay also aims to give a general idea of how social movements have been doing their work in the last 5 years in Central America; As well as some challenges and challenges that exist as social movements in the region.