Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The present investigation analyzes the effects of economic growth, measured with household per capita income, and income inequality, measured with Gini coefficient, on the incidence of poverty in Ecuador. During the period 2007-2017, using data from the Encuesta Nacional de Empleo, Desempleo y Subempleo -ENEMDU-, it was shown that variations in economic growth and income inequality do have a significant impact on poverty. By calculating the elasticities, provided by the estimation of a multiple logarithmic regression model at the national and provincial levels, it was determined that the Gini coefficient turns out to be more elastic than the per capita income of households compared to poverty in the country and most of the provinces. According to the Bourguignon Hypothesis (2004), this implies that the distributive and redistributive policies in the country are more effective in ending poverty due to the levels of inequality that Ecuador has. However, such a situation does not mean that economic growth policies should be ignored, which are also necessary for the generation of resources that allow the achievement of national objectives.

The semi presence-distance modality in Higher Education requires the creation of new strategies to stimulate teaching and learning. This article presents systematized research on the Flipped Classroom approach implementation combined with Motivation. It proposes a theoretical framework that supports the AIM model in the development and creation of a pedagogical practice generated at the National University of Education (UNAE) Javier Loyola, Azogues, Cañar, Ecuador. This study involves students who are teachers public and private education system, attending to the fifth cycle of El Medio Natural course, in the General Basic Education (EGB) distance mode. The proposal responds to the lack of methodologies related to the connectivism teachers need to work with adult students. It is based on the UNAE pedagogical model, which uses the AIM model as a teaching methodology in hybrid education. Autonomous activities on virtual platforms, praxis in the educational institutions and face-to-face conferences at the university are planned, as opportunities that promote open dialogue, collaborative and cooperative work, to consolidate learning through feedback, feedforward and motivation techniques. The objective to be achieved is established in the curriculum, which purpose is to develop skills, and to generate and apply, in educational contexts, the unlearned, learned or strengthened knowledge in the university. Supported by quantitative and qualitative research, results intend to show the student-teachers perception of the AIM model execution in the classroom, at the end of the term.

The human rights of disabled people are explicitly guaranteed in the Constitution, international agreements, treaties and other internal legislation; despite this, comprehensive protection for this priority group is not fulfilled by the State, society and family. This situation is the result of the lack of or failure to implement public policies, thus violating fundamental rights in terms of protection, defence and rigorousness, and affecting the quality of life, especially of the people who have some disability. The research was conducted in coordination with the Rights Protection Cantonal Council of the Azogues Canton, the Foundation for Human Development and the Catholic University of Cuenca, Azogues seat. It is based on the hypothesis that by knowing about the human and social rights of disabled people and their local reality; public policies can be created in a participatory manner to respond to rights' violation, by implementing plans, programs and projects executed by different institutions which are duly articulated. The objective is: "To determine compliance with the human rights guarantee of the disabled people in the Canton of Azogues in the Province of Cañar. For the present study, secondary or bibliographic and technical data collection sources such as observation, interviews and surveys were examined with a qualitative and quantitative approach. The results show that the priority groups' rights are being violated in the different parishes of canton, which is due to social, political, and economic issues. The lack of control and monitoring mechanisms in the implementation of public policies restricts the exercise and fulfilment of this priority group's fundamental rights.

This qualitative research covers the reading subject, aimed at children from 0 to 10 years, as part of a relationship with a society whose process was the selection of children's literature, preparation of readers, distribution of areas to intervene and reading as the main action. The purpose of the proposed and implemented activities is to mediate, encourage and promote reading to people who are found in public spaces such as squares and markets, interacting with passers-by and children of merchants, and reading children's stories individually or in groups. Post-reading strategies such as conversations, forums on the subject and drawing were performed. The research methodology is focused on participatory action research. Our techniques mainly used are direct observation, interviews and photographic recording. All the actors involved in the process were evaluated through different instruments to gather information about their participation, perception of the process and results obtained. Then, the analysis of the information concludes that reading is a resource with multiple school and collective benefits that encourages interaction between social actors. However, it is a poorly developed habit in our environment and void in public spaces such as squares and markets, where mothers say that there is no reading strategy made by them towards their children. That is why it is necessary to consider reading as a fundamental right and activity to be inserted in Ecuadorian society through different techniques, involving national authorities together with public and private institutions and voluntary citizens wanting for a change and improvement at a country level.

The purpose of this research is to provide Physical Education teachers with the techniques, strategies, teaching styles, motivation that the teacher must know and put into practice in their daily activities when teaching, in order for their students to leave. of the routine, do not fall into boredom and contribution to the development of integral training, in the cognitive, affective, social and emotional parameters of autonomy that allows them to make decisions within the learning process and social practice. The design is of bibliographic type, it is known that children and young people perform physical activity in many cases by the mandatory teacher to the execution of a single type of exercise or some game that does not arouse greater interest, without having fun or relaxing and worse still feeling part of the group or worry about their health, should take into account that motivation is essential within academic spaces, the use of favorable strategies so that they can generate changes in the conduct of the study, otherwise the treatment of this discipline Sports will be determined by complying with the thought and the established schedule, as it has been taking place in most of the educational centers, which in many cases does not work a professional of the branch but teachers who do not have scientific training and who are totally improvising, generating in the student apathy and disinterest in the subject.

The research aims to analyze Information and Communication Technologies as a tool for social inclusion in higher education, being applied to ten courses of the Higher Technological Institute Babahoyo in the period 2017, where there are students with some type of disability. At the convenience of the researchers, a sample of 10 people with disabilities is taken with whom they interacted twice a week with the use of the internet on their mobile devices and laptops. Then, through the survey applied to the sample, it reflects the importance of technological use as a fundamental part in the education process, where all the elements show 93% as feasible the use of TIC. One of the most relevant findings was to identify the TIC resources that students with disabilities have in the household and it was visible that the cell phone is one of the main resources they have, followed by the television, personal computer and the Internet, with The minimum result was the Tablet and laptop. These data show with certainty that the impact of ICT in the integral development of students with disabilities could be transcendental if it were taught on a daily and frequent basis, both in family contexts and in educational and social contexts. However, the research leads to emphasis on the use of ICT in the classroom without distinction, or discrimination, rather in an inclusive manner

The article presents fundamentally the knowledge of the different contributions of teaching, play and artistic therapies to develop the cognitive and socio-affective area in people with down syndrome, conceiving that chess known as game science, is a pedagogical tool of the first order for the intellectual strengthening, besides being a socializing agent. Due to, the proposal of activities through the game of chess with puppets, plastic arts and dramatizations as a strategy to make the inclusion of subjects with intellectual disabilities in any of its forms, is part of the following problem; people with intellectual disabilities have different limitations, one of the most significant is the lack of didactic resources as it refers to metal development, the same that directly affects the social and emotional sphere, thus trying to contribute to the treatment and effectiveness of good living in people with genetic disorder, specifically with down syndrome, using the game as a didactic resource, as well as being an alternative for social reintegration and a therapeutic strategy, which includes several disciplines that suit people with disabilities of any kind, for this it is necessary that it is elaborated from an adaptive approach to the needs presented by the users, providing different resources that facilitate the development of the teaching-learning process. Finally, after having consulted the specialized bibliography, it is inferred that the use of play therapies is substantial in the teaching-learning process of individuals with cognitive disabilities.

In the professional training process of the Physical Culture career students, through an exploratory study,  limited development of the investigative skills was identified. These skills are essential for answering and proposing solutions to the problems that arise during their educational process, and later, in their professional practice; in order to address this issue, the main theoretical foundations concerning research skills education were established. Three essential research skills were identified: problematizing, theorizing, and verifying the profession reality. Each skill has its role in the students’ development of these skills, and they are implemented from the integrative subject. This work presents methodological approaches aimed to improve the development of these skills in the students of this career. The planning phase of the teaching-research task is recommended. It involves determining the objective, the organizational methodological guidelines, the contents, the methods, the means, the organization, the evaluation, the approach to the problem situation, and the activities, that is to say, the actions to be developed. After that, the research teaching task implementation phase is suggested to establish the internal logic of the research activity in the teaching process of the Integrating Subject. Then, the details that contribute to the Integrating Project are included. The process ends with the evaluation phase of the research teaching task; one of this task’s characteristics is the transversality, which can be applied in a unit.

The research has its genesis in gender roles in the western region, specifically in Ecuador. This article aims to demonstrate how the male gender is situated in the field of Early Childhood Education in Ecuador, in which their performance is synonymous with oppression and discrimination. In the methodology, 100 Initial Education Centers –CEI– are taken from the Master File of Educational Institutions, both in the public and private sectors of the province of Azuay - Ecuador. In which the shortage of male teachers working in these centers is evident; the review of concepts and results obtained, allows us to conclude that the insufficiency of male teachers in early childhood education in Ecuador generates labor, social, oppressive inequality and even an optic in which the role of men in education is stigmatized by social stereotypes.

Safari Liquors is a Cuenca company that is dedicated to the sale of alcoholic beverages in facilities that have adaptations of a bar for the convenience of its customers, this 15 years within this market in the city of Cuenca which demonstrates its experience on the business; analyzing the possibility of extending with a branch of the same characteristics in the city of Azogues taking advantage of the equality of cultural and idiosyncrasy characteristics of the two cities; The problem that has been found to develop this research is that Azogues does not have a bar with the following characteristics; It is a meeting point between friends or acquaintances where not only alcohol is drunk but you can enjoy live music, the transmission of national and international sporting events; The objective is to inaugurate a trade of these characteristics in a city with significant population growth and an increase in trade in economic activities such as restaurants, bars, liquor stores, especially in the southern part of the city; the research is mixed type; it uses qualitative data to know the tastes and recommendations on this market of the population of Azerbaijan and quantitative to establish the demand for this type of business and determine its operation; with the results obtained in the Net Present Value (NPV) US $ 7,519.72 Internal Rate of Return (IRR) 28.69%; which is above the average market rate, its cost benefit (B / C) at 1.37 above 1; Therefore, the viability of the project is recommended.