Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

In the past women have had few opportunities to develop personally and work within the field music. When we talk specifically about classical music, there are few female references in the field of composition, the interpretation of certain types of instrument families (fundamentally brass and percussion) and orchestral conducting. Throughout history, women were often allowed to train as amateur musicians but not as professionals. Although male sex has progressively assimilated the sharing of household chores over the last quarter-century, women continue to assume the main burden. For example, in the Renaissance period, women had to deal with a set of sexual stereotypes surrounding the practice of certain musical instruments. The following didactic proposal aims to introduce secondary school students to the figure of the female composer and conductor. This proposal will revolve around the figure of Ethel Smyth. For this purpose, an active and cooperative methodology has been used, as well as materials such as computers with an internet connection and tangible material. The results have been very positive, reaching competency and transversal activities and encouraging a critical spirit in the students.

IntroductionIn Spain the use of epidurals for pain relief during childbirth is widespread. Currently, we can observe a progressive change in attitude towards a less interventionist care and the use of non-pharmacological methods to reduce pain, unless the woman has left instructions otherwise.AimsTo explore the decision-making process concerning pain relief methods in childbirth in order to detect the elements of vulnerability that are present in said process and examine the demands directed towards healthcare professionals.MethodologyThis study has applied a qualitative methodology with a phenomenological theoretical-methodological approach. The technique used to obtain information was the semistructured individual interview. The study was carried out in Catalonia. The participants were 17 adult women with low-risk pregnancies.ResultsThree categories have been identified after the analysis: (a) Completion of the birth plan: an approach to the decision; (b) The rationale of the decision: resources and barriers; and (c) The approach to pain in childbirth: elements of vulnerability.ConclusionsWomen do not always make firm decisions when completing the birth plan; The decisions expressed may be statements of intent. At the time of delivery, the perceived pain can be experienced as a threat that makes them feel vulnerable. The role of midwives and other healthcare professionals is to help work out this sense of vulnerability.

The aim of this paper is to define an ethical framework that intertwines the essential—but not the only—elements that midwives should take into account when assisting pregnant women who suffer from gender violence (GV). Our proposal will focus on the idea of accompaniment, which can be defined as the process through which support is given to a vulnerable person in order to help her/him gain autonomy. A model of a biopsychosocial accompaniment of pregnant women suffering from gender violence will be suggested. It has three dimensions: firstly, it is a process through which midwives help women empower themselves; secondly, it is a process through which midwives build up an environment of trust and respect in the medical consultation; and thirdly, it requires an appropriate teamwork. This paper will focus on the first two dimensions, which are the two sides of the same coin, and will only briefly address the third one, as it goes far beyond the field of midwifery and thus beyond the aim of this article. The methodology used to develop this paper is the philosophical-rational analysis and reflection.

To the unknowns that usually surround the act of birth, new uncertainties are now added due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Uncertainty about how the saturation of health services will affect your deliveries or what is the best way to act. The protocols change overnight and in some hospitals they are forced to give birth alone or are separated from their babies as soon as they are born. For all this, many pregnant women about to give birth are experiencing the final stage of their pregnancies very distressed. It is not surprising that requests to give birth at home have tripled at this time in Catalonia. The aim of this work is to describe the experience of a pregnant woman who decided to give birth at home almost at the end of her pregnancy and her experience of the whole process. Through the in-depth interview, carried out at various times, the sequential account is obtained from the 38th week of gestation until delivery, which took place on April 13, 2020. The experience of giving birth and accompanying a birth is interpreted as a demonstration of the human capacities, energy and potential of each person. After this crisis, the health authorities should rethink whether hospitals are the best setting for delivery. One more task that we will have to face in the future, we hope, not too far away.

When discussing motherhood(s), social discourses recurrently fall on biological determinisms that justify actions and behaviors appealing to the sociocultural dynamics that govern us. However, important work has been done in the fields of feminism and gender studies to demystify and challenge the symbolism behind these assumptions. As a result of said efforts, new ways of being a mother have emerged. Mothering in resistance implies revealing the oppressions that surreptitiously permeate the most progressive neoliberal models. Their escape routes prove that collectivization is the key to the emergence of new forms of motherhood. We are not alone. We are together sowing «sentipensares» that will give us the harvest of a more just, equitable and conscious world. 

IntroductionIn the last decades birth plans have been gaining relevance as instruments of manifestation of the will of women. They have been linked to satisfactory obstetric results but have been also referred to as a source of conflict between professionals and users, as well as a frustration source for the latter in case they cannot be accomplished. ObjectivesThis article aims to clarify the legal status of birth plans in Spain.MethodologyAn experiment is carried out: an extensive birth plan is written, then notarized and finally registered in the Catalan Register of Advance Directives.Results and ConclusionsAccording to the experiment, birth plans are an advance directive, which has legal consequences regarding their enforceability and application.

BACKGROUND. Midwives are in a privileged position to identify and help women who suffer from gender violence. However, suitable training is required. AIM. The aim of this article is to identify the training they have received on IPV, how they perceive their skills for detecting and addressing IPV, and to determine their training needs regarding IPV. METHOD. Qualitative methodology with an interpretative phenomenological approach. In-depth interviews were conducted with twelve primary care midwives. RESULTS. The midwives have IPV training and knowledge obtained in most cases through continuous learning and through years of clinical experience. However, it has not been enough for these midwives to feel equipped to adequately detect and address IPV. CONCLUSIONS. The midwives would like to improve their training and skills to better detect and address IPV. It would be ideal to have a continuous training program on IPV for midwives that is flexible and varied enough to fit their training interests.

INTRODUCCIÓN. La preocupación por el peso y la imagen corporal surge tanto en hombres como en mujeres; no obstante, diversos estudios han demostrado mayor inquietud sobre la percepción corporal en mujeres. La preocupación extrema por la imagen corporal puede conllevar —en la mayoría de los casos— a trastornos alimentarios, acciones extremas para estar delgadas, miedo al rechazo y a las comparaciones, sintiéndose además imposibilitadas para ser amadas. OBJETIVO. Caracterizar la percepción de la imagen corporal de mujeres del programa Licenciatura en Educación Especial de la Universidad del Atlántico en el semestre 2019-2, Barranquilla, Colombia. METODOLOGÍA. Estudio descriptivo-transversal, llevado a cabo con 150 mujeres de la Universidad del Atlántico, aplicando el Body Shape Questionnaire (BSQ), con el fin de conocer su percepción de imagen corporal, teniendo en cuenta dos criterios: la insatisfacción corporal y la preocupación por el peso. RESULTADOS Y CONCLUSIONES. Se evidencia una tendencia de las mujeres hacia la preocupación extrema por la imagen corporal (64,7%), lo que indica insatisfacción corporal y preocupación por el peso en las universitarias estudiadas. Esto representa un factor de riesgo para el padecimiento de trastornos emocionales como depresión, ansiedad y conducta asocial; no obstante, estos resultados representan un punto de partida para la creación de campañas de sensibilización y el fomento de estilos de vida saludables, disuadiendo acciones desesperadas que puedan atentar contra su salud física y mental.