Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

This article explores the main characteristics students expect from an English teacher in the classroom and analyzes the influence of their age in choosing one trait over another one. This study searched for a significant relationship between age and the most expected features in the classroom. The survey collected information about: Domain of subject, Confidence in the environment, Language and culture promoting, Good sense of humor, Patience, Students motivation, Class Dynamics, Promoting values, Flexibility, Friendly. Data originated from a sample of 100 randomly chosen students from the English Language Center from the third and fourth Levels of English. The study confirms that age does not influence the preferences in English learning students and those learners valued three domains: Teacher's knowledge, teacher's methodology, and teacher's personality.It also suggests that teachers should receive more training on identifying strategies for managing sizeable multiple level classes and combine that with ways of developing motivation in the classroom while adapting themselves to suit local contexts.

COVID-19 affects the upper and lower respiratory tract of man, presenting with a clinical picture ranging from mild to severe (acute respiratory distress syndrome). The objective of the study was to establish the behavior of patients with suspected COVID- 19 admitted to the Basic Hospital of Baba, province of Los Ríos, during the period March to May 2020, through comprehensive clinical and nursing care, clinical-microbiological laboratory diagnosis, taking into account previous diseases, epidemiological risk factors and the health context. A retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted. The population consisting of 29 patients admitted. In terms of results, adults over the age of 65 accounted for 55.2% of the total. Higher percentage of men (58.6%) were shown women (41.4%). There was predominance of lonely elders in rural areas, with housing of mixed construction, overcrowding, low socioeconomic resources. All patients had previous pathologies and 100.0% suffered from dyspnoea, dry cough, asthenia and fever, resulting in positive COVID-19 with rapid testing; 51.7% with RT PCR. It was concluded that of adults over the age of 65, 20.7% were referred to other units because of their severity or died of respiratory failure, pneumonia or multiorgan failure. Comprehensive clinical and nursing care as well as treatment focused on the individual characteristics of each patient such as age, comorities, evolution and severity of infection.

Este estudio tiene como objetivo determinar si la edad de los estudiantes tiene incidencia en la capacidad de comprensión lectora de los mismos, analizando estas variables a través de  tres escenarios, con google traductor, software especializado en lectura llamado Rewordify y sin la utilización de algún recurso tecnológico. Esta investigación sigue un enfoque cuantitativo, donde se estudió una muestra de 130 respuestas de estudiantes. Los datos analizados permiten concluir que no existe una diferencia significativa entre estudiantes de diferentes edades en su capacidad para comprender un texto en el contexto ecuatoriano; además, la tecnología parece ser igualmente útil en los diversos grupos de edad.

The limited availability of commercial varieties of rice (Oryza sativa L.), influences the implementation of genetic improvement programs in Ecuador. Varieties of the indica subspecies are the most preferred for consumption nationwide. The present study was carried out with the objectives of obtaining F1 populations of indica-type rice, by means of simple crossing to increase genetic diversity, and to determine the capacity for ovular fertilization and seed formation to obtain F1 populations of rice from reciprocal crosses, among 14 indica rice cultivars as mentioned following: BA-100-UTB, BR-101-UTB, CA-102-UTB, FE-103-UTB, FI-104-UTB, FI-105-UTB, FI-106-UTB, FI-107 -UTB, SH-108-UTB, FL109-UTB, FL-110-UTB, G-111-UTB, G-112-UTB and G-113-UTB. The trial was established in the CEDEGE Project sector, Valle Verde farm, Babahoyo canton, Los Ríos province, Ecuador. The results showed that a total of 178 crosses were obtained, where all of them produced, to a greater or lesser degree, seeds formed from the emasculated flowers. When the linear regression analysis was carried out, it turned out that for every 100 emasculated flowers, a total of 34 fertilized flowers were obtained. Likewise, for every 100 emasculated flowers, a total of 25 seeds were harvested. In this study, it was concluded that the parents with the best seed’s conversion percentage from pollinated flowers were FL-110-UTB with 82% and FE-103-UTB, which presented 85%. It is recommended to continue the study with the F1 populations of indica rice, to determine the agronomic and productive behavior of the crop, through future generations until obtaining a genetically improved material adapted to Ecuadorian conditions.

In this experiment, F2 lines of rice (Oryza sativa L. ssp. indica) resulting from crosses with a female parent carrying the CREALFIELD gene, which confers resistance to the herbicide imazethapyr, were used. This study was carried out at the “San Pablo” Experimental Farm, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Technical University of Babahoyo, Ecuador. The objectives were: To evaluate the effect of the herbicide imazethapyr in F2 rice plants, segregating of a female parent carrying the CLEARFIELD gene and to select the F2 rice segregants plants tolerant and / or resistant to the herbicide imazethapyr. Complete Random Design was used with 24 treatments (11 progenies and 12 parents, 1 Control). Analysis of variance, graphs were performed to identify the individuals of interest and the Tukey test at 5% probability was applied to analyze the averages. The results showed that, the chlorophyll content differed between the progenies and the parental lines evaluated before and after the application of the herbicide. The degree of toxicity produced by the herbicide imazetapir, was minor affected to the female progenitor Br-101-UTB, which is the parental containing the resistant gene, obtaining a damage value of 1.15% (ALAM scale). Regarding the progeny, low grades were also obtained from 2.34 to 19.25%. This contrasted with the parentals which obtained ranges from 66.67 to 97%. The results express that the CLEARFIELD gene is easily and highly introgressive into the progeny when a parental with resistance acts as a female progenitor.

Large amounts of crop residues are generated that are mostly burned causing a negative impact on the environment and this residual biomass can be used in agribusiness reducing environmental liabilities. The objective of this research was to use pigeon peel, barley straw and sugarcane bagasse obtained from agricultural crops in the provinces of Bolívar and Los Ríos - Ecuador for the cultivation of the Pleurotus ostreatus fungus. Three mixtures were designed and the productivity in each type of substrate was evaluated; The present work offers an alternative to take advantage of said waste to obtain nutritious and healthy food in short periods of time. A DCA experimental design was applied, the productivity indicators were: time of appearance of primordia, weight of the fresh fungus, biological efficiency and production rate, also determining the protein content of the harvested fungus. The best treatment was T1, presenting average data of: 22 days for the time of appearance of primordia, an average weight of 493.3g, obtaining the highest value for BE of 116.25% and protein content 22.12% b h.

The milling properties of 40 advanced lines (F6 seeds) of rice, derived from interspecific crosses between Oryza rufipogon G. x Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica to promote its use at a commercial level, were compared with the commercial control varieties. The samples came from two experimental sites: from the CEDEGE project area of ​​ Babahoyo canton, Los Ríos province (locality 1) and from Santa Lucía canton, Guayas province (locality 2). The variables of Humidity (%), Paddy Rice (g), Impurities (g), Clean Grains (g), Husk rice (g), Integral Rice (g), White Mass (g), Powder rice (g), Broken grain (g) and Flower Rice (g) were evaluated. Based on the results of the variance analysis performed with the variables evaluated in this study, none expressed statistical significance between the lines and between localities. The result of the Tukey test (p> 0.05), showed that there was no difference between the cultivars analyzed, and also when the t test was performed for the flower rice parameter, the values did not present statistical difference between the localities (0.075 NS). It is interpreted that, from statistical results, that the advanced F6 lines of rice that have been obtained so far, are statistically equal to commercial varieties in terms of milling quality. There are 28 advanced F6 lines that quantitatively produce equal or greater amount of flower rice than commercial witnesses, expressed in the two locations studied; however, 7 lines (6 in CEDEGE-Babahoyo and 1 in Santa Lucia), were observed with better percentages of flower grain.

The present investigation was carried out with the purpose of evaluating the morphoagronomic behavior of advanced lines of rice from interspecific crosses between Oryza rufipogon G. x Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica, resulting from the genetic improvement program in Ecuador. A total of forty F5 segregating lines were studied for the dry season, three localities, resulting from a pedigree or genealogical selection process plus three commercial controls, the cultivar INIAP FL-1480, SFL-11 and INIAP FL-Arenillas that have good agronomic behavior. in the rice-growing areas of Ecuador. A Random Complete Blocks Design (DBCA) was used, applying the linear model of analysis of variance following the Tukey test at 95% probability, Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Relative Variability Analysis (%), coefficient of Pearson Product Moment correlation between variables; In the results, six morphoagronomic characters were taken into account, which were measured in the vegetative and flowering stages of the crop, showing that there are environmental influence effects on the evaluated characteristics.

The present research work was carried out in the rainy season of 2020, the vegetative material M3 of Janeiro grass (Eriochloa polystachya Kunth) sown by stolon’s irradiated at 52 Gy in 2017 was used, as a product of the development of the UTB institutional research project "Genetic improvement of Janeiro and savoy grass"; which was also subjected to a dose of fertilizer (250 kg.) and two cutting seasons (35 and 45 days), with the aim of evaluating the behavior of the morphological variables: Plant Length, Leaf Length, Width of Leaf, Number of Knots and Stem Diameter. The results showed that treatments 7 (52 Gy, 250 kg of fertilizer and 35 days of cutting) and 8 (52 Gy, 250 kg of fertilizer and 45 days of cutting) showed statistical differences according to the Tukey test at 95% probability on treatments 1 (0 Gy, 0 kg of fertilizer and 35 days of cutting) and 2 (0 Gy, 0 kg of fertilizer and 45 days of cutting) in the variables studied: Leaf Length, Leaf Width, and Diameter of Stem. The statement by Gómez et al., (2020) regarding the effect of radiation at 52 Gy on the investigated variables is corroborated, and it is concluded that the morphological characters: Stem Diameter, Number of Leaves per Plant, Leaf Width and Length Leaves were affected only and statistically by the independent variables Gy radiation and fertilization (250 kg).

Using the California Mastitis Test (CMT), 736 quarters corresponding to 184 animals from 3 farms with medium milk production in the province of Los Ríos, randomly chosen, were evaluated. From the positive quarters (reactions from traces to very positive cases) a milk sample was taken to perform the test (CMT). 52.17% were positive, according to the intensity of the reaction, 30.89% were very positive (+++), 75.97% were positive (++), 49.43% were slightly positive (+) and 13.87% traces. The risk factors were evaluated with the Guide of Good Livestock Milk Production Practices. Agrocality. 2012, chapters IX, X and XI with the respective literals. 55.88% was compliance with regulations, followed by 26.47 % and 17.64% of the farms evaluated. The estimated economic losses of US $ 8,174 in the three herds, corresponding to US $ 96 per cow and US $ 0.31 per cow / day. Compliance with the regulations would reduce the incidence of subclinical mastitis on farms with medium and small-scale dairy production systems.