Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The curricular adjustment carried out in Ecuador in 2016 responds to the constructivist paradigm, the texts that guide the mathematics teacher proposed by the Ministry of Education are also developed according to that vision, and therefore, the teacher should develop an active and reflective class, supported by a series of resources proposed in the curricular adjustment. Education must have all its elements well harmonized so that the student has the appropriate learning results; the objective is to analyze the relationship between three elements: curriculum design, guide text and the teacher. The documentary review methodology is applied to analyze how the curricular adjustment idealizes the relationship between these elements, and then what is the reality. In practice there are some difficul-ties, one of these is the texts bring excessive amounts of content to be developed, which forces the teacher to “give” classes, without making sure of the students’ learning achievement. Also, the reform has not been sufficiently disseminated to teachers, who still develop their classes in a traditional way, emphasizing the memorization of content and mechanical recipes to solve the exercises.

The objective of this work is to identify limitations in the educational-social orientation of the process of linking the university with the development of an economic culture in micro-producers. A university extension strategy is presented, showing characteristic processes of popular education with parti-cularities of the subjects and context of action. The strategy is the result of managing pedagogical research methods and techniques, concluding that they must be development from university social responsibility, so that micro-producers can develop

This article presents reflexive notes on the relation between psychology, didactics and technology in the student learning process. Its objective is to generate analysis processes that motivate teachers to rethink their pedagogical practice. The methodology used was the search for research background and theoretical references. As a result, a series of reflections on the importance of consciously inte-rrelating psychology, teaching and technology in the teaching-learning process is presented.

The aim of this article is to analyze the influence of mobbing as an element that causes occupational accidents. This problem affects the development of psychosocial risks that affect workers emotiona-lly, physically and psychologically. To this end, several authors were analyzed, as well as the legal laws of the Constitution of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, the Lopcymat, its regulations, the Constitution of the Republic of Ecuador, the Ecuadorian Labor Code and the Ecuadorian Penal Code. The type of research was documentary with a bibliographic design, the population was constituted by doctrine and laws. The documentary observation technique was also used, as well as a review and analysis of the bibliography. As a result, mobbing is one of the most serious factors of psychosocial risks, since serious physical, emotional and psychological damages are caused in the worker being harassed intentionally and deliberately. It was also concluded that mobbing leaves its victims in a state of permanent hypervigilance, eventually causing a state of intense stress, leaving the person sensitive not only to a work accident but could also commit suicide.

This essay addresses cultural policies in the 21st century, specifically those related to the digital environment. It starts from a brief analysis of the Convention on the Protection and Promotion of the  Diversity of Cultural Expressions (UNESCO, 2005). Secondly, categories and some problems that ari-se from the new dynamics that emerge from the contemporary world as a result of globalization, the internet, technologies and new social processes in relation to cultural diversity and the development of cultural industry are addressed. To conclude, it aims to conceptualize what are the policies and strategies for the protection and promotion of the diversity of cultural industries in the digital environ-ment.

Despite a slight reduction in recent years, Latin America still constitutes as the continent with the greatest social inequalities. The political responses to these marked social differences have been committed through assistance policies, understood as actions aimed at extreme poverty. Originated in the last century, in this one has been institutionalized and consolidated through paradigmatic mechanisms such as Social Investment Funds, Conditional Transfers and proximity programs as paradigmatic examples. Based on the analysis of documents on these three experiences, this work aims to describe and analyze these proposals, trying to understand the assessment of reality which is part of them and contribute to consolidate. The conclusion is that assistance policy allows displacement process, that means that becomes possible to discuss poverty alone (focusing on policy beneficiaries, or the programs format and there capacity of monitoring and coordination or in their professional workers), leaving out of the analysis the structure of persistent inequality in the region.

We intend to contribute to the understanding of the occurrence of teenage pregnancy among women from lower-income sectors of Greater Mendoza, as part of the strategies of life within the framework of material conditions of existence strongly impacted by the scarce work opportunities and by the difficulties to sustain themselves in the educational system. Considering that official statistics indicate that the incidence of teenage pregnancy is notoriously higher for these social sectors, we have chosen to find out their opinions and assessments on the sexual and reproductive practices that have led them, or not, to the situation of pregnancy and motherhood. Analyzing the empirical material collected, it is possible to affirm that, in severe conditions of exclusion, with insufficient family containment and scarce cultural capital, the adolescents interviewed present a disposition to carry out sexual practices that lead them not to avoid pregnancy, and that are strongly influenced by traditional and patriarchal values regarding the role of women. On the contrary, when adolescent women have higher levels of cultural capital, they firmly dispute the repetitive tendencies of the traditional "class habitus" and present life projects directed to study and work.

The article synthesizes the main topics of analysis around the trajectory of institutionalization of Social Work in Argentina, worked from the relational perspective in the framework of de doctoral research of the undersigned. The course of the inquiries was made from a qualitative study that allowed us to understand the historical structuring and production and reproduction processes that frame the emergence and development of this professional field, recognizing its link with the field of power, the plot of relationships between positions occupied by institutions and agents, and the provisions acquired by the latter.  

This paper compares, reflects and investigates why a phenomenon so characteristic of industrialized countries, the increasing presence of people living alone (single-person households) due to the fact that these countries have gone through the demographic transition and place a high value on individual independence; occurs in Bolivia, characterized on the contrary by the coexistence of tradition and modernity, of pre-capitalist and capitalist forms of production, which conditions that even people with families (married and cohabiting) are seen by necessity, impelled to migrate alone to other territories of the country, which offer them labor alternatives, most of the time without any social insurance; Likewise, there is a significant presence of seniors living alone and even some children, given that in Bolivia the economically active population is counted from the age of ten. After this more general analysis, the situation of single-person households in four municipalities in the departments (the primary subdivisions of Bolivia) of Cochabamba, La Paz, Oruro and Potosí is shown in a more specific way, where their proportion is between 38 and 50 per cent. Also, some questions are raised, the clarification of which requires a more particularized and in-depth qualitative research and statistical analysis.

In our experience in addressing the issues of female aging, health and care, we have assumed a gender perspective as an analytical category that allows us to account for the cultural and social construction of genres. From this position the need arises to ask ourselves about how to transform a social problem into a conceptual - epistemological problem. Conceiving social research as a process that involves taking a series of decisions and carrying out certain practices, we highlight its value as a means of knowing, explaining, describing, analyzing and understanding. The epistemological approach builds the field and the intervention, so that making research a reflective work is essential. In our interest to work from the "situated knowledge" developed by Haraway (1991), we decided to explicitly assume a point of view to look at reality and recognize, at the same time, that there is no knowledge that is capable of reflecting a neutral reality. In this presentation we will try to carry out a critical analysis of a research experience, its theoretical problematization and the emerging ones arising from reflective activity in the field from the researchers' perspective, as well as its scope as tools for social intervention.