Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

In this research, the features that characterize the university consultation classes and tertiary institutes have been described. Although these spaces are not within the prescribed curriculum, they do appear in the messages that teachers post on the billboards. Participation in consultation classes is somewhat arbitrary: the days, times and spaces in which they are offered are set by each teacher. The methodology was a multiple case study. Seven teachers from various universities and tertiary institutes of Río Cuarto, Sampacho and Villa Mercedes participated, as well as ten students who attended the consultation classes. The data were collected through non-participant observations and individual and semi-structured interviews. The results show the relevance in the collaborative construction of professional and socio-emotional skills, work autonomy, learning from genuine problems, the construction of identity processes and shared goals. These features, added to the particularities of the teaching methods, the place where the consultation classes are held and the length of time, allow us to think about the complexity that these learning areas go through.

This article was based on the study “Types of property ownership in the Caribbean Coast of Nicaragua” with an emphasis on the complexity and types of conflict in property ownership. For this, the different types of property are analyzed based on the principles and categories contained in the Magna Carta, the general and special laws related to this subject. The methodology was qualitative aimed at recognizing the levels of complexity and types of conflict that occur according to the forms of ownership recognized in national legislation. For this, focus groups and interviews were carried out with the participation of representatives of the Municipal Governments, representatives of indigenous and Afro-descendant governments, and other social sectors, as well as a documentary review in order to have a comprehensive look at this issue. The main complexities are the growing non-indigenous population in indigenous territories, the politicization and partisanship in the election of community authorities, the lag and the lack of completion of the sanitation phase that prevents the issuance of property titles in favor of the indigenous communities and consequently makes investment negotiations difficult.

This research analyzes the learning of mathematics in freshmen students of Agroforestry Engineering, for the learning analysis there were taken into account the indicators such as sex, age, ethnicity, marital status, employment status, number of children, weekly time to study mathematics, number of weekly consultations made to the teacher of the subject and qualification of a series of strategies related to learning. The research has a quantitative approach, since statistical techniques are applied to organize, represent data and make statistical summaries of the study variables, the scope is correlational, because of the relationship between the attitude towards mathematics and academic performance in the class. It also assesses the attitude towards the study of mathematics, first identifying the average attitude of each student, then the collective average attitude is calculated. To make a more exhaustive analysis, the attitude and the rating by gender were compared, in the end the mean attitude was correlated with the rating of the first partial evaluation.

This essay has addressed the concept of informal learning, with an emphasis on botanical learnings that we acquire outside of formal spaces such as at home, traveling, with friends, work, etc. When we think of botany, we believe that it is knowledge for few people, and we associate it with the study plans of undergraduate courses with a biological orientation; however, learning about this science in our daily lives is more natural than it seems. A short bibliographic and conceptual inquiry was made on terminology, and a compilation of stories about some types of learning related to botany that people learn through different means and contexts. As a result, it is proposed to reflect on the interdependence between the areas of learning, to move away from that vision of watertight compartments, eliminating labels and thinking about the idea of ​​integrated learning.

Este trabajo ha analizado de manera sucinta la innovación desde la experiencia de la URACCAN a partir del programa doctoral en estudios interculturales. Se trata de una investigación cualitativa explicativa desde una perspectiva hermenéutica al analizar textos, documentos, reportajes, artículos, entrevistas con informantes clave. Los resultados orientan estar ante un contexto cambiante complejo, pero de oportunidades; las universidades son el motor transformador de las sociedades y la interculturalidad puede ser un medio a tales fines; en un mundo tecno científico, la innovación ha sido estudiada desde modelos lineales con conocimientos científicos y tecnológicos. Por tanto, se sugiere profundizar en la innovación intercultural que, considere la diversidad cultural desde el pluralismo epistemológico

In order to describe the strategy of the phytosanitary procedures used for the establishment and national recognition of the fruit fly-free area in the northern zone of Xolotlán Lake, the method of qualitative, non-experimental, retrospective, longitudinal type research was used, based on the collection and registration of information from the Institute for Agricultural Protection and Health (IPSA), a list of international regulations on phytosanitary measures versus the application of phytosanitary procedures in the Northern Zone, as secondary sources we rely on the experience of programs control of other countries that will provide evidence of the mechanism implemented to achieve pest-free areas, concluding that the methodological strategy for the establishment of the fruit fly-free area is based on population levels indicated by monitoring during surveillance, the state of fruit flies in the selected area, the state of the host and its sensitivity, the biology of the pest and the economic and technical viability and that for the development of the establishment of the fruit fly-free area, the application of phytosanitary procedures is needed as legal basis, suppression stage that includes detection, sampling, collection, treatment of fruits, chemical control and records; the containment stage as internal quarantine and buffer zone, ending with outbreak control that involves the eradication and recognition stage of the area.

In Nicaragua, it has arisen the need to deepen in the analysis of natural alternatives for the control of pests in crops, drawing attention to the application of various products of natural origin as an effective option to synthetic pesticides. For this reason, it is necessary to think of new alternatives for pest control that are more friendly to the environment and that are useful in the integrated management of pests, for this study, it was used a qualitative non-experimental research based on the descriptive method of applied research where there is no manipulation of variables, analyzing the reality or situation determined with an interpretative richness, as part of this process the compilation, systematization, with an analysis of the main botanical insecticides registered and evaluated in Nicaragua was carried out, based on the effectiveness tests that were used to register the products in the Agricultural Protection and Health Institute, the purpose of this study was to record the existing information on the use of registered and unregistered botanical insecticides in Nicaragua, in this study it was found that in Nicaragua, there has been registered 12 botanical insecticides from 2011 to 2017, all these based on aqueous extracts of plants, seeds, leaves and flowers that have been used in the crops of vegetables, fruit trees, okra, roots and tubers, for the pests control such as white flies, aphids, mites and thrips, it was also found that in Nicaragua eight investigations have been carried out in the period between May 1990 to November 2017 on the use and management of botanical insecticides based on extracts of chili, garlic, chrysanthemum, black wood and Neem in tomato, chili peper, cabbage, sorghum and cashew crops in order to control the main pests that attack these crops.

This study was carried out at El Morro farm, San Miguelito municipality, Río San Juan department, Nicaragua. The biophysical characteristics of the forest, wildlife, water and soil resources were evaluated. It was inventoried with a systematic sampling design according to the different types of vegetation cover, such as: open forest, tacotal (which is defined as uncultivated land covered with thick undergrowth) and scattered trees in pasture. Two circular plots were located, with a radius of 15 meters, separated at a distance of three km between them, the wild fauna was done simultaneously with the collection of floristic information. This study tries to know the floristic richness and the silvicultural state of the arboreal vegetation, the existing fauna, the quality of the water and the characterization of the soil, in order to contribute to decision-making in the implementation of good practices for the management of all existing resources on the farm.

Th e aims of this study were to determine whether the prevalence of the parasitic isopod Bopyrina abbreviata Richardson,1904 in the decapod Hippolyte zostericola Smith, 1873, varies intra-annually in the estuarine lagoon system of the NaturalProtected Area Laguna de Terminos (Mexico) and whether this variability was related to changes in environmental conditions. Hippolyte zostericola collections were carried out (monthly during an annual cycle, 2011-2012) at three shallow sites of seagrass meadows (Th alassia testudinum Banks ex König, 1805). Th e environmental factors measured were water temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH, and rainfall. In general, the physicochemical data measured at the sampling sites were similar throughout the annual cycle (temperature: 30.6–25.8°C, salinity: 39.5–18.6 ups, dissolved oxygen: 9.6–5.4 mg L-1, pH: 8.7–8.2, rainfall: 240–5.4 mm). Of the total H. zostericola individuals examined (n = 116,002 individuals), 4.85% were infested by B. abbreviata. It was also found that there was variability in the prevalence between sites (S1 = 38% of the examined individuals; S2 = 2% and S3 = 7%). Th e greatest level of infestation by B. abbreviata occurred during the dry season (February –April), which was consistent with what was reported in a previous study. Th e results of a multiple regression analysis indicated that the environmental parameters that were signifi cantly correlated with the total monthly prevalence data of B. abbreviata were temperature, rainfall, and dissolved oxygen. The model resulting from this regression (prevalence = -397.92 + 12.12 temperature – 0.23 rainfall + 14.33 dissolved oxygen) explains 68.1% of the variability in the prevalence of B. abbreviata. This study contributes to the knowledge of the factors that can affect the spatio-temporal dynamics of the host-parasite relationship H. zostericola-B. abbreviata in shallow environments of seagrass meadows of the ANP Laguna de Terminos.

The objective of this study was to describe the occurrence of gastrointestinal diseases cases related to the practice of gastronomic tourism in Mazatlán, Sinaloa, on the Mexican Pacifi c coast, in a 60 months period of analysis spanning the years 2014-2018. A total of 39 patient clinical records in a health private institution as analysed, 32% are national tourists and 68% international; 71% of the cases were female and 29% male. Of the cases reported in this work, the patients with hypertension were the most vulnerable group. A total 84.6% of the patients were diagnosed with acute infectious gastroenteritis, 5% gastroenterocolitis, 2.6% with intestinal amoebiasis, typhoid fever, rotavirus and food poisoning, respectively. Regarding signs and symptoms, 100% had diarrhoea, 33% dehydration, 41% nausea, 37.5% vomiting, 46% abdominal pain, 20% presented fever. In the coproparasitological examinations, 33.3% had Entamoeba histolytica (Schaudinn, 1903), Salmonella typhi (Salmon, 1885) (2.6%), bacteria (20.0%), Clostridium diffi cile (Hall & O’Toole, 1935). (6.6%), Endolimax nana (Wenyon & O’Connor, 1917) (3.3%) and Entamoeba coli (Echerich, 1885) (3.3%). Th e results indicate that E. histolytica is the most frequent pathogen in the diagnosis of gastrointestinal disease due to seafood consumption in Mazatlán, Sinaloa on the Mexican Pacifi c coast. It is concluded that; a) gastrointestinal diseases are a public health problem; b) eff ective regulations must be adopted to prevent infection; c) people should desist from consuming raw or undercooked shellfi sh in places with poor hygiene; d) the absence of anthropometric data collection limits the analysis of the nutritional status of the population, and e) describes the implications for the tourism sector and public health in Mazatlán, Sinaloa, a coastline society with great regional and gastronomic identity.