Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Introducción: La frecuencia de diabetes mellitus en el país es alrededor del 13 %,en general las infecciones de piel y partes blandas en general presentan una evolución desfavorable en este tipo de pacientes. Objetivos: Determinar la frecuencia de diabetes en pacientes internados con infección de piel y partes blandas. Metodología: diseño observacional con componentes analíticos de corte transversal, que incluyó a 236 pacientes adultos internados en el Servicio de Clínica Médica del Hospital de Clinicas  ( Paraguay) durante 2016 y 2019. Resultados: la edad media fue 52 ±11 años, hubo predominio de sexo masculino (58%). Las entidades más diagnosticadas fueron celulitis ( 50 %),  erisipela(14%) , La comorbilidad más frecuente fue la diabetes mellitus en un 39% , de los cuales el 63 %  no sabía que tenía la enfermedad. El Staphylococcus aureus fue el germen más frecuentemente aislado en los cultivos ( 55 %) y se encontró asociación significativa entre cultivo positivo para Staphylococcus aureus vs diabetes mellitus. Conclusión: la celulitis fue la infección de piel y partes blandas más frecuente, la mayoría causada por Staphylococcus aureus. La diabetes mellitus fue la comorbilidad más frecuente.

Education is in a process of analysis, revision and transformation to respond to the demands of society as a result of advances in science, technology and the effects of the globalization of knowledge. The objective of this review article is to reflect on the necessary training of university teachers for competency education. The reality of the current world implies demands and requirements, so that the human being is in a position to face the various problems of the environment, therefore the educational process must aim to develop an adaptive capacity to the circumstances. The teacher must receive an academic intellectual training, but also a psychopedagogical one. When speaking of psychopedagogical training for teachers, it is necessary to refer to a broad process of preparation in education, with the strong commitment to take a position within the field and to generate knowledge about it at the same time. Teacher training must be holistic in approach and, necessarily, must be done in this way so that it can guide a meaningful teaching-learning process.  

The objective of the work was to describe the epidemiological characteristics of urinary tract infection in pregnant women, its symptoms, causes, effects and to determine the prevalence of UTI in pregnant women. Urinary tract infection or urinary infection (UTI) is a common pathology in pregnant women worldwide. The method chosen was an integrative literature review. For the selection of the articles, a search was used with several key words that included: urinary infection, women, diagnosis, incidence, mortality, cost, recurrence, prevention, antimicrobial sensitivity and risk factors for the development of UTIs in the pregnant. UTIs occur in large numbers in adolescent women, their incidence increasing markedly after the beginning of active sexual life. The results showed that the age of very young pregnant women and with a socioeconomic profile can influence the occurrence of UTI. The most common isolated etiological agents were: Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus. All the patients with UTI presented clinical manifestations, mainly nocturia, frequency, flank pain and dark urine. It is concluded that the manifestations of UTI may be unreliable during pregnancy due to the large percentage of pregnant women who presented suggestive symptoms, but negative urine culture.  

Pneumonia Associated with Mechanical Ventilation is the most frequent complication found in Intensive Therapy rooms. The pneumonia develops after 48 hours of the connection to mechanical ventilation. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation in patients admitted to the adult intensive care unit of the Regional Hospital of Coronel Oviedo in 2016. An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out, which included 107 patients admitted to the Adult Intensive Therapy Unit with connection to mechanical ventilation for more than 48 hours at the Regional Hospital of Coronel Oviedo during 2016. 107 patients with an average age of 58.64 ± 18.05 entered the study. years, 51.9% of the patients were men and 52% were from the urban area. 50.9% had as a basic pathology to arterial hypertension and 35.8% to diabetes mellitus, 55.7% had as diagnosis of admission to acute renal failure. 17.9% was the value of the prevalence of pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation, with the latter being classified as the most frequent in 78.94%. 58.5%, of the patients who developed the pathology obitaron and the most frequently isolated germ was Pseudomonas aeruginosa. It is concluded that the prevalence of pneumonia associated with mechanical ventilation was low, the largest number of patients included in the study were male, of urban origin and were in 50 and 59 years. The most frequent diagnosis of admission was of a clinical type. Pneumonia associated with Mechanical Ventilation was more prevalent in males and in the age group of 59 years or younger. More than half of the patients who developed the pathology died. The most frequently isolated germ was Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

Introducción: La oclusión intestinal, detención persistente del tránsito intestinal, dificulta movimiento hacia tramos distales. Adherencias secundarias a cirugías, causa más frecuente, colaboran formación de hernias internas en 4%. Necesidad de intervención quirúrgica es 6,4-10%. Caso Clínico: Mujer, 76 años, 24 horas de evolución de dolor abdominal generalizado, por crisis. Detención de heces de 4 días y gases, 24 horas. Sigmoidostomía por CA de Colon Sigmoideo. Examen físico: abdomen blando, depresible, dolor difuso, defensa y dolor a la descompresión brusca; RHA presentes. Sonoridad aumentada. Presenta neutrofilia, linfopenia, trombocitopenia. Urea, creatinina, BD, AST, TP, INR, fibrinógeno elevados. Rx. de abdomen: niveles hidroaéreos. Ecografía: meteorismo. TAC simple: obstrucción de asas delgadas con múltiples adherencias yeyunales; no zona de transición. Diagnóstico: Oclusión Intestinal Completa. Laparotomía exploradora consta asas delgadas de coloración violácea, múltiples bridas y adherencias a pared, epiplón e interasas. Constatan hernias internas con acodadura a 150- 230 cm del asa fija. Se liberan y disecan adherencias y bridas con liberación de acodadas. Asas delgadas liberadas responden con mejor coloración y peristaltismo. Discusión: 20% de casos de oclusión intestinal causados por hernia, 1% del total por hernia interna. Adherencias abdominales causadas en 93% por casos postoperatorios, como el cuadro. 95% de casos de bridas y adherencias se localizan en intestino delgado, como la presentación. Dolor tipo crisis coincide como sintomatología del caso. Con clínica compatible, radiografía simple de abdomen y TAC simple (Gold Standard). La cirugía temprana previene estrangulación intestinal, resultando la restitución de la circulación y peristaltismo de las asas.

Diabetes is a metabolic disease of multiple causes characterized by chronic hyperglycemia that alters the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins and fats, which results in defects in the secretion of insulin or its action or both at the same time. The human body. The management of nursing in patients with diabetic foot is the application of knowledge, techniques and care to prevent wound infections, gangrene and amputation of the toes of patients suffering from the disease. The present investigation was carried out with the objective of determining what is the knowledge and management of the nursing staff in patients with diabetic foot in the District Hospital of Lambaré, Paraguay, 2018. The investigation of observational type, descriptive of cross section. The study sample was the Nursing Staff, it carries out its tasks in the Medical Clinic Service of the District Hospital of Lambaré. The sample was 19 Nursing professionals who deal with users with diabetic foot. Results: it was visualized that the majority of the personnel is of feminine sex, in greater percentage it is in the age group of 31 to 40 years. In terms of academic training, all the respondents have a university degree and those with more seniority are between 11 and 20 years old. In a percentage of 78% of the nursing staff know and handle diabetic foot correctly.

Euthanasia is the act of ending the life of a patient at the express request of him, for suffering a disease without perspective of cure, this practice is very discussed, confronts principles of bioethics. In most countries, it is not allowed but its study and approval is spreading. The objective wasto determine the perception of euthanasia in medical students of the National University of Caaguazú (UNCA) and the Catholic University of Asunción (UCA) during the year 2017. A cross-sectional descriptive observational study was carried out with probabilistic sampling by conglomerates, the instrument was a questionnaire validated by experts. Measures of central tendency, dispersion and pro- portions were used. Three hundred and seventeen medical students were included, 66% were female, and the students’ age was 22.5 ± 2.7 years, the number of years studied was 3.8 ± 1.8 years. 64% of all students were in favor of euthanasia (61% from UNCA and 66% from UCA), 48% of all students considered euthanasia as a dignified dead. 57% of men would be willing to practice euthanasia. 94% of agnostics found themselves in favor of euthanasia. More than half of medical students found themselves in favor of eu- thanasia and considered euthanasia as a dignified dead. Males and agnostics represented a higher proportion of students in favor of euthanasia.

The present investigation addressed the issue of social skills in school-aged adolescents. Having as a general objective; describe the levels of social skills in adolescents of the middle level, of a public school in the city of Asunción. The type of scope of the research was descriptive, with a quantitative, cross-sectional approach. Sampling was non-probabilistic by quota, the sample consisted of 325 students from a universe of 902, corresponding to the 1st, 2nd and 3rd of the average, with ages ranging from 15 to 18 years. The questionnaire used was: Social Skills Scales (EHS) of Gismero. The analysis of the data was carried out in the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), in its version 20. The results showed that the great majority of adolescents are in the middle level in all the factors of the social skills scales.

The telomeres are the free ends of the chromosomes, consisting of non-coding and highly repetitive DNA. They were discovered by Hermann Joseph Muller along with Barbara McClintock during the decade of the 30s of the 20th century, who received the Nobel Prize for such a discovery. Formerly, the etiology of aging pointed to a state, which may have been caused by a gene or by a decline in the physiological system. With the passage of time, it was replaced by the principle that such a factor consists of a multifactorial process resulting from the interaction of cellular and systematic mechanisms. Although many cases of neoplasms are diagnosed in young people, the relationship between older age and cancer is unequivocal. At the cellular level, evidence points to a similarity between these factors. Cellular aging is defined as the lack of somatic division accompanied by loss of function (cellular senescence). While cancer is the result of uncontrolled divisions accompanied by loss or changes of their functions.

Inguinal hernias (HI) represent 75% of abdominal wall hernias, with a lifetime risk of 27% in men and 3% in women. The presence of reproductive organs in the sack of an HI is a rare occurrence (1%) and most describe that 70% of cases occur in <5 years.