Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is considered a 21st century pandemic.  In our country the most used renal replacement therapy is hemodialysis through a central venous catheter. The second cause of death in people with chronic kidney disease is related to infections, many of them related to catheter infections. The Central Hospital of the Instituto de Previsión Social is a big hospital where patients with CKD are admitted.   The objective was to describe describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients with hemodialysis catheter-related infections. A cross-sectional descriptive observational study was carried out with no probabilistic sampling by consecutive cases.   31 patients were included, the average age of the patients was 63,3 ±12,8 years  , 51,2% were men, 96,7% has High Blood pressure  (HBP), 77,4% diabetes,  38,7% dyslipidemia, 22,5% with heart failure. 77,4% has a simple jugular venous catheter. In 29% of cases, infection occurred one week after catheter placement. Half of the femoral catheters were infected within one week of placement. The most frequently isolated germ was the methicillin resistant StaphylococcusAureus(32,3%), the second was  the methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus. in-hospital mortality was 19,3%. gender distribution was similar, most of patients has HBP and Diabetes, most frequent venous access was simple jugular catheter, the most frequent germ was the  methicillin resistant Staphylococcus Aureus, the registered mortality is lower than in other centers.

Lack of effective treatment, vaccine and transmission, the SARS-Cov-2 virus is causing a pandemic never before seen in modern times affecting most of the countries of the world. Several quarantine models have been implemented, which establish limitations on the opening and operation of various types of businesses and educational institutions, including universities. The objective was to describe the effects of the pandemic on the lives of Brazilian university students in Paraguay. It was a mixed descriptive field study using the survey collection technique through the questionnaire through the Google Forms platform, it was disseminated to groups of medical students through the WhatsApp application. The number of participants was 131. The corresponding ethical criteria were adopted. 9.2% of students have already contracted Covid-19, in most cases, students infected with the virus had mild symptoms, such as muscle pain and cough, causing severe symptoms in less than 10% of those infected. The drugs most used by the were azithromycin and ivermectin. 38.9% of the students had relatives with Covid-19 and 6.9% of the survey participants had lost a relative. Most students and their families face financial difficulties. Most students 55.7% agree with online classes. Those who intend to continue the next semester if the classes are online is 69.5%. The results are similar to those reported in international studies that show that few people have severe symptoms and that the number of deaths is similarly proportional. The most worrying data are about the financial difficulties that most students go through, which could limit the completion of their studies.

Obesity is a disease characterized by excessive accumulation of body fat, which produces harmful health effects. The body mass index (BMI) is a simple indicator of the relationship between weight and height that is frequently used to identify overweight and obesity in adults. It is calculated by dividing a person's weight in kilos by the square of their height in meters (kg / m2). Since 1975, obesity has almost tripled worldwide. Currently, it has been considered the most important nutritional disorder in developed and developing countries, due to its higher incidence. The objective of the study was to determine the levels of overweight or obese in patients who consulted nutritionists at the Maternal and Child Hospital of Loma Pytá, Asunción during the month of October 2019 It was a non-experimental, observational descriptive study that included 78 patients of both sexes diagnosed overweight. 73% of the diagnosed patients were female, aged 18 ± 80 years. Most of the patients seeking nutritional medical help were already largely obese, taking into account the soma of those with obesity grade I, II and III, equivalent to 62% of patients and the remaining 38% were patients with diagnosed overweight. Thirty overweight patients (38%), 27 patients with grade I obesity (35%), 12 patients with grade II obesity (15%) and 9 patients with grade III obesity (12%). In the degree of obesity of each gender, just over 90% of the male patients were among overweight men and with obesity grade I (mild). In female percentages, 16% of them have grade III obesity and 17% grade II obesity.

Los métodos anticonceptivos son técnicas de prevención. se clasifican según su forma de actuar: barrera, química, quirúrgica y natural. El objetivo del estudio fue identificar el conocimiento de los estudiantes acerca de los métodos anticonceptivos. El estudio fue observacional descriptivo de corte transversal. La población estuvo constituida por alumnos del Centro Educativo María Serrana del 1er al 3er año de media de la ciudad de Asunción en Paraguay. El muestreo fue no probabilístico por conveniencia que incluyó a 51 alumnos. El ritmo, la temperatura, el método de Billings, coito interrumpido y el método sino térmico son ejemplos de métodos naturales y son ineficaces. De los 51 alumnos: 34 conocían el diu, 18 conocían el anillo vaginal, 29 conocían el intradérmico, 28 conocían el adhesivo, 35 conocían los anticonceptivos inyectables, 38 conocían los anticonceptivos orales, 43 conocían la píldora del día después, 38 conocían al condón femenino, 50 conocían el condón masculino. Se concluye que la mayoría de los alumnos entrevistados indicaron que conocían el condón masculino; las ITS identificadas fueron el VIH-SIDA, sífilis y herpes genital, con el 84% de los alumnos.

Introducción: La hemoptisis es una cantidad variable de sangre que pasa por la glotis proveniente de las vías aéreas y de los pulmones. Caso Clínico: Hombre, 32 años, obeso, tabaquista, ingresó por disnea de moderados a mínimos esfuerzos de 4 meses de evolución. El paciente refirió tos con expectoración hemoptoica de 05 años de evolución, predominio nocturno, constatada al despertar. Refirió haberse sometido a varios procedimientos quirúrgicos: por sospecha de torsión testicular, lamectomía descompresiva y extracción de aguja de costura en región parietal posterior a una TAC por episodios tónico-clónicos. Durante su internación, se le realizaron varios exámenes todos sin éxito. Un día, se identificó actitud sospechosa, comprobándose la ingesta de sangre del conducto de poliflex, la cual colaboró con el diagnóstico definitivo de “síndrome facticio”. Discusión: Como parte de la salud integral no debemos olvidar la evaluación de la salud mental y hacer más hincapié en la historia clínica.

Neuroplasticity refers to the ability of the nervous system to change its structure and functioning throughout its life, as a reaction to the diversity of the environment, it allows neurons to regenerate both anatomically and functionally and to form new synaptic connections. This adaptive potential of the nervous system allows the brain to recover from disorders or injuries, and can reduce the effects of structural alterations produced by pathologies such as Alzheimer's disease. Alzheimer's disease is a brain disease that causes problems related to memory, thinking, and behavior. It is not a normal part of aging. Alzheimer's gets worse over time. Although symptoms can vary greatly, the first problem many people notice is forgetfulness severe enough to affect their ability to function at home or work, or to enjoy permanent hobbies. Cognitive stimulation is a set of very useful procedures to stimulate the mechanisms of neuroplasticity and thereby stop the progression of dementia, as well as improve the quality of life of the patient and their family.

La cirrosis hepática  es una enfermedad crónica  e irreversible. Las infecciones son una de los principales motivos de descompensación y de mortalidad. El objetivo del estudio fue conocer la frecuencia de las bacterias aisladas en pacientes con cirrosis hepática del Hospital de Clínicas. Se revisaron las historias clínicas y hemocultivos  de los pacientes con diagnóstico de cirrosis hepática internados en el hospital de Clínicas  desde enero del año 2015 a enero del año 2019. La información se analizó utilizando Epiinfo. Los resultados fueron de 114 fichas clínicas analizadas, 96 cumplieron con criterios para ser incluidas en el presente estudio. La edad promedio de los pacientes fue 58,63 ± 17,8   años. Se halló una frecuencia de 39 % de bacteriemia, con predominio etiológico de bacterias gran negativas. Hubo un promedio de 19,7 días de estancia hospitalaria. En Conclusión las especies microbianas aisladas con mayor frecuencia fueron Klebsiella pneumoniae y Escherichia coli.

Diseases from the cardiovascular system are a major problem in public health, they constitute one of the main causes of death in the world, the objective of the study; Assess the risk factors for cardiovascular diseases undertaken by university students of the medical career in the period of 2019 at a University in Asunion PY. In the results it was observed that the university profile is 68% is between 19 to 29 years of age; 79% claim to have an inadequate diet; 59% presented a blood pressure above 120 mmHg (systolic) and 80 mmHg (diastolic) at the time of the pigtail, and 24% showed values corresponding to HAS1 and HAS2; 53% said they were sedentary, 44% said they had cases of cardiovascular disease in the first-degree family; 39% of students consume alcohol; 37% have BMI> 25; 25% of them will claim that they sleep less than 7 hours a day; 23% suffer from severe stress; 13% with a diagnosis of hypertension; 13% are active smokers and 6% with a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus, while the population at greatest risk is the elderly, when analyzing the presence of risk factors in medical students in this study, the majority among 19 and 29 years, there is an important prevalence of modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors in the following order, inadequate diet, high blood pressure, sedentary lifestyle, family history, and overweight and obesity. This study could be continued as a line of research, in order to expand the number of students evaluated and carried out specific actions for the promotion of student health.