Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

 Despite the enormous efforts of the Ecuadorian government and national and international organizations, the labor insertion of people with disabilities is considered a pending action. So, the question arises: is there an inclusive training of labor competencies as an insertion strategy for students with disabilities? An investigation was carried out that allowed a theoretical systematization, in the documentary review process, scientific articles were preferably taken as references, although other sources were considered, in English and Spanish, in journals indexed in Databases (Scielo, REBID, Scopus), directories (DOAJ, ROAD, OAJI) and catalogs (Latindex Catalog 2.0, WorldCat, Redalyc). The need to develop skills in people who are going to enter the labor market is visible, so that the company or institution to which it will be linked reaches the competitiveness that is required today. But a system of competencies cannot be designed from a cabinet in an educational institution based on the criteria of teachers and coldly describe each competency. It must be remembered that the labor market is constantly changing and evolving and its contribution to the formation of competencies is vital now in which people can experience an experience in a work context.

The bioethical reflections in the training of the graduate in education around the indigenous ethnic group start from the need for recognition of the indigenous nationalities of Ecuador, as well as respect for the culture and tradition that are part of the national identity. The objective revolves around reflecting bioethically in the training of the graduate in education of the education career of the State University of the South of Manabí, around the indigenous ethnic group, taking as a starting point the humanist vision of Ecuadorian women. Theoretical methods were used: analysis - synthesis, inductive - deductive and historical - logical, for the scope of the description of the object of study and finally the arrival of conclusions. In the order of empirical methods, a survey of students was used in relation to bioethical principles and knowledge about the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR). The results showed that 100% of the students do not know about the term bioethics, they do not master the articles of the UDHR, nor the bioethical principles of Beauchamp and Childress. In conclusion, the students suggest that they be trained in this regard, as a necessity in their professional performance.

Women present a series of characteristics that define not only their health and well-being, but also become positive or negative predictors of the health of future generations, hence the purpose of the topic to be investigated, which aims to demonstrate infections by TORCH in pregnant women of childbearing age: risk factors, diagnosis, and seroprevalence. In this context,  the applied methodology was descriptive, documentary and it was based on the search for articles: in the Pubmed, Scielo, Elsevier, Google Scholar, Redalyc databases, in which the MeSH terms, "congenital infections", "TORCH", " toxoplasmosis”, “infections”, “pregnancy”, “Rubella”, “herpes”, “cytomegalovirus”, “childbearing age”, “women”. The results obtained are focused on the determination of the various risk factors, among which socioeconomic level, geographical location, poor eating habits and age stand out, highlighting the most prevalent laboratory techniques in the diagnosis of TORCH infections, which are the enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) and enzyme immunoassays of chemiluminescent microparticles Besides,  there were positive results for active infections in regions such as Europe, Asia and Latin America, among which it stands out that these infections have been contracted due to the high seroprevalence of igg antibodies in study populations. In conclusion, TORCH infections are prevalent worldwide, affecting women of childbearing age and pregnant women, mainly highlighting socioeconomic factors, so this population group should be encouraged to monitor before and during pregnancy, thus avoiding congenital diseases.

In the new agricultural model's establishment in that Cuba is determined, one of the most urgent tasks is to find roads to reduce the use of synthetic plaguecidas for the handling of plagues. One of these roads is the biological control that, besides reducing the environmental impact in the agricultural activity, it allows to assure the agricultural sustainability. Among the methods of biological control, it is the use of Trichoderma harzianum A-34 as fungicide, for their antagonistic activity in front of phytopathogens. It is produced in a handmade way in solid state, static and two-phase liquid (liquidate-solid). In our country the cane trash and the bunch of rice are used for their production. In this work agroindustrial residuals of good readiness and low cost were used in the market; sawdust of white pine and bran brewer, substratums that besides serving themselves from support to the mushroom for their growth, they contribute the necessary nutrients for their appropriate development. These residual ones constitute potential sources of contamination for what their use preserves the integrity of the environment. They were carried out the tests of quality: Purity microbiological (%), Viability for germinative tube (%), Concentration (substratum cells/g) and Antagonism (%). Trichoderma harzianum A-34 increased the conidia count significantly in 29,87% it has more than enough sawdust of white pine and bran brewer with regard to Trichoderma harzianum A-34 taken place in cane trash enriched with bunch of rice. You conclude that these substratums can be employees as an alternative for the massive production of Trichoderma harzianum A-34. 

Viral zoonoses are diseases transmitted to humans by animals when handling biological fluids from the latter, HIV-AIDS, influenza and coronavirus disease are examples of pandemics due to viral zoonoses, among other endemics and epidemics. The objective of this research was to evaluate the health risks associated with viral zoonoses presented in endemic, epidemic and pandemic forms. The methodology included a descriptive systematic bibliographic review study with a documentary design, considering articles published from 2002 to 2022, in scientific databases and SciELO search engines; Redalyc; Science Direct, Google Scholar, and PubMed. the use of the boolean “and” was used. Articles in English and Spanish published in different countries were included, full text, official WHO and PAHO pages, monographs, books, editorials, letters to the editor and symposiums were excluded. The results showed that wild animals are responsible for viral zoonoses in humans, with the most representative being those of the Flaviviridae, Coronaviridae and Arenaviridae family, the main laboratory diagnostic methods are serological and molecular tests, the most characteristic symptoms are fever, headache, cough, nausea, vomiting, among others, it was concluded that wild animals are the main reservoirs of viruses that cause zoonoses, they are transmitted to humans through direct contact with biological fluids and consumption of infected animals, to prevent contagion it is important to wash hands, avoid contact and consumption of infected animals, immunizations and hygiene measures in homes avoiding colonizations of rodents, bats, mosquitoes among others.

The pathology by coronavirus C0VID-19 is a viral infection of animal origin that causes community pneumonia has hit Latin America and the Caribbean with particular virulence, the pandemic has devastated the region during one of the periods of lowest growth in its history. People with obesity have a 46% higher risk of contagion by coronavirus COVID-19, compared to people with normal weight, in case of suffering from coronavirus COVID-19 they have twice the risk of requiring hospitalization. The objective of this research was to analyze obesity as a risk factor and its complications in patients with coronavirus COVID-19, this study is of documentary design with a type of descriptive study of explanatory level, for the collection of information technological tools were used. , internet, taking into account original scientific and bibliographic articles from pages and magazines with academic prestige, on the subject raised, and the established selection criteria. The prevalence of the coronavirus that exists among patients with obesity, each author has released various data, where the symptoms they present will vary according to the organism of each person, sometimes these can be asymptomatic. It was concluded that obesity is a chronic pathology since it represents a serious public health problem, especially nowadays patients infected with COVID-19 are the most prone due to the complications that this condition can cause them.

Cytomegalovirus is the most common cause of non-hereditary congenital deafness infection, and the second most common cause of motor retardation after Down syndrome. Due to the aforementioned, it is possible to assert that Cytomegalovirus infection is currently a major health problem, even more so for people who are pregnant. Therefore, it was considered pertinent to undertake a study in order to analyze cytomegalovirus infection and risk factors, diagnosis and prevention in pregnant women. To give the appropriate scope to the study, a methodology with explanatory level documentary design and analytical descriptive type of study was implemented. With this, search strategies were used which included scientific articles from the last fifteen years in English and Spanish languages. The main results obtained showed that cytomegalovirus is a condition that in pregnant women can pose a great risk to the fetus, in addition, it was identified that the main prevention for this condition is constant hygiene by the pregnant woman, where frequent hand washing is essential, especially before eating food. With all the above, it is concluded that cytomegalovirus is a high-risk infection that some pregnant women present and can mean risk and complications in the proper development of the newborn, therefore, it is pertinent to follow the necessary preventive measures.

Subclinical thyroid disease is an asymptomatic condition mainly hypothyroidism, which is more frequent in women than in men, and are one of the most common causes of infertility, subnormal fertility and problems in pregnancy and childbirth. Menstrual disturbances are frequent in adolescence is, dysfunctional uterine bleeding the most common, due to the immaturity of the hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid axis where it occurs in the first menstrual cycles. The objective of the research was to analyze the subclinical thyroid disease and its relationship with menstrual disorders, its prevalence the factors and identify the menstrual disorders that affect women. Its methodology was a documentary, descriptive research of scientific articles of the last 12 years complying with the norms and ethical principles established in the investigations. As a result, 45 articles were included of which it was possible to identify, the prevalence occurs more in women aged between 20 and 45 years; the most common menstrual disorders are: amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea. These risk factors that are associated with thyroid diseases and menstrual disorders are obesity, lifestyle, and pituitary gland failure. Thus, giving a conclusion that the study was based on knowing data from the female population on the dysfunction of subclinical thyroid diseases related to menstrual disorders with a high index in hypothyroidism.

Introduction: this research work refers to anemia, which is considered a frequent complication of chronic kidney disease and is associated with a decrease in the patient's quality of life, as well as an increase in morbidity and mortality and progression. of chronic kidney disease. Objective: To describe the relationship between anemia and chronic kidney disease, through a systematic review that allows the support of the research topic. Methodology: the research used was developed through a systematic review of the literature, conducting searches, compilations, analysis and extraction of data on the object of study. Results: in the investigation carried out, it was possible to demonstrate that anemia and chronic kidney disease represent a great problem in the health of the population worldwide, with Paraguay being the one with the highest prevalence, reaching 77.5% of patients with this disease. The main risk factors were: gastrointestinal bleeding, hemolysis, dialysis, malnutrition, iron deficiency, etc. Similarly, it is considered that the anemia with the greatest relationship in patients with chronic kidney disease is normochromic microcytic anemia. Conclusions: the most frequent risk factors that are present in various South American countries such as Ecuador are levels of anemia due to lack of iron, Hemoglobin, malnutrition, malnutrition, patients undergoing hemodialysis treatment and other aspects that are directly related to chronic kidney disease.

Gestational diabetes mellitus is glucose intolerance during pregnancy, according to the World Health Organization, the proportion of pregnant women with diabetes mellitus can reach up to 30%. The objective of the study was to establish the epidemiology of gestational diabetes mellitus, diagnosis and complications in perinatal mortality. The investigative design was documentary, descriptive and explanatory; Bibliographic data collection was obtained by reviewing scientific articles from indexed journals PubMed, Biomed Central, Scielo, Google Scholar, Springer, and Science Direct. There are various sociodemographic aspects of perinatal morbidity and mortality associated with gestational diabetes mellitus, among the main ones we find the mixed race, low socioeconomic level, secondary education level, rural and urban residence, finding low economic status as one of the main causes for the development of this pathology due to the demand for expenses that it implies. It is concluded that the complications associated with gestational diabetes mellitus are distributed in the mother, fetus and neonate.