Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

El artículo presenta hallazgos etnográficos sobre el ensamblaje transnacional de la santería e ifá cubanas en cuatro contextos latinoamericanos. Siguiendo las biografías de los emigrados cubanos en ciudades intermedias y capitales de México, Perú, Bolivia y Chile, logramos conocer las dinámicas de una tradición religiosa en expansión, motivada por factores políticos, económicos y culturales que determinaron sus estilos de adaptación en cada uno de los espacios de asentamiento. En este sentido, se analizaron los procesos de legitimación e institucionalización mediados por la difusión colectiva y en medios de comunicación, la incorporación de usuarios indígenas y afrodescendientes, la formación de casas templo y familias rituales, la circulación de mercancías y las crecientes redes de agentes que se consolidaron entre cubanos y extranjeros en cada uno de los países de anclaje.

This article analyzes the transformations in ritual and political participation of women in the Jewish Conservative or Masorti Movement in Buenos Aires City based on the reconstruction of the life stories of four interlocutors. It was a qualitative research using the interpretive approach from a sociological perspective. The women remembered the ways in which, through their interventions, they managed to expand female participation in rituals that until that moment were performed by men (doing the Bat Mitzvah ceremony, reading the Torah or carrying it) and their experiences in managerial positions. For the first case, the female participation was institutionalized while for the second it continues to be exceptional. In this sense, there are continuities with what happened with women during the 20th century.

Background: Ecosystems are in constant transformation by ecological and anthropic processes. The use of satellite images through remote sensing helps to understand and study the dynamics and space-time changes of the vegetation. Question: What are the dynamics of mangrove cover in the municipality of Alvarado, Veracruz, Mexico using a long time series? Data description: All available Landsat images. Study site and dates: The municipality of Alvarado, Veracruz from 1985 to 2021. Methods: We compute and create NDVI composites for all Landsat satellite images at 30 m spatial resolution. We identify patterns in mangrove dynamics based on the annual trajectory of NDVI using a long time series. Results: The annual average of the mangrove NDVI in the municipality of Alvarado increased linearly during the study period. 50 % of the mangrove cover of the study area (118 km2) is made up of areas where the mangrove cover has not been disturbed since the beginning of the period studied, accumulating between 25 and 36 years without change. The areas with the highest biomass represent only 0.2 % of the mangrove cover in the municipality. We identified areas with excellent quality mangrove cover, and priority conservation sites. Conclusions: The municipality of Alvarado requires urgent plans and actions to create conservation initiatives. In addition, the areas with a higher quality of mangroves that remain in the municipality should be protected due to their importance for the conservation of biodiversity and because they are threatened by urban and agricultural expansion.

Background: Cacao is a neotropical crop of global economic importance, renowned for its ancestral use by pre-columbian cultures. Native to the Amazonian tropical rainforest, it is considered as a shady tree, although some hybrid genotypes can grow under full sun exposure. This ability to support different light levels vary from one clone to another and may be exploited to optimize crop yield. Questions: Are there differences in photosynthetic capacity under different levels of photon flux density (PFD) between ICS60, TSH565, FEAR5, CCN51 and EET8 cacao clones? Studied species: Theobroma cacao L. Study site and dates: Estación Bambusa. Pacho, Cundinamarca, Colombia. October 2021. Methods: Physiological parameters were measured and analyzed under full light condition in two years-old cacao plants, to obtain photosynthetic response light curves. Functioning of the photosystem II (PSII) was evaluated through chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. Results: Significant differences were found in photosynthetic capacity at full sunlight exposition amongst clones, CCN51 showing the highest capacity for using high light, whereas TSH565 showed high photosynthetic capacity at lower PFD. On the other hand, the photochemistry activity was similar between clones, without evidence of PSII impairment, suggesting absence of photoinhibition under the conditions evaluated here. Conclusion: The responses found could guide and recommend the use and exploitation of these clones under specific in-field light conditions. The generated knowledge contributes to the implementation of adequate management practices that are aimed at optimizing the efficiency in the use of available PFD for enhancing photosynthetic rate, and, jointly, impact higher yields.

Background: Mexico is a megadiverse country with an elevated diversity of species of vascular plants. A comprehensive Flora that includes all of the vascular plants distributed in Mexico does not yet exist. Electronic Floras have demonstrated the value of a compendium based on existing knowledge and published Floras, checklists and revisions. Questions: What is the best approach for publishing the Flora of Mexico? What resources are needed to create this Flora? What is the current status of these resources? Objective: The objective of this paper is to summarize and evaluate the taxonomic and digital resources and the bioinformatic tools needed to develop an online Flora for the vascular plants of Mexico, as well as to discuss its content. Results and Conclusions: An online flora using the EDIT Platform for Cybertaxonomy is proposed, with the collaboration of Mexican and international researchers. It will be based on approximately 5.3 million specimens deposited in Mexican herbaria, with an inter-operational portal to other biodiversity platforms. The name assigned to this online flora is “eFloraMEX”. As a starting point, the taxonomic backbone, the checklist for the Mexican vascular plants including approximately 29,000 species, was published in a portal (efloramex.ib.unam.mx) to be revised and updated by specialists. A council of taxonomists and computer experts will lead the eFloraMEX project on two fronts: taxonomic and digital resources. The main challenges to completing this Flora are building the team, training taxonomists, digitizing the specimens for most of Mexican herbaria and obtaining the required long-term funding.

Recensión de: Pirie, Fernanda. Ordenar el mundo. Cómo 4.000 años de leyes dieron forma a la civilización. Traducción de Yolanda Fontal. Barcelona: Editorial Planeta, 2022.

Recensión de: de Prada García, Aurelio. El proceso de Sócrates: del ‘nosotros’ al ‘yo’. Contra el prejuicio individualista no percibido. Madrid: Ápeiron, Faber & Sapiens, 2022.

The text analyses the lights and shadows of the new Spanish regulation on domestic work in the context of the so-called «care crisis». To this end, it looks into two types of constraints that have influenced the 2022 reform: international legal and social-political constraints, where the self-organization of women workers in the sector stands out. The study pays attention to their demands, in dialogue with specialists and institutions, in order to accurately identify the problems faced by the reform.

The European Union has to reconsider the concept of solidarity that underlies the variety of its social welfare systems. The problem at stage is its relation with national identity. This paper deconstructs the argument of a solidarity conditioned by a “primordial social glue” while tracking down the evolution of the normative fundament of the welfare state from a philosophical point of view. Based on the works of GWF Hegel, Lorenz von Stein, Hermann Heller and Thomas Marshall, the paper demonstrates that the social welfare state finds its continuity in a European citizenship that challenges the privileges of national citizenship.

The entry of human populations into the Anthropocene calls for a rethinking of the meaning of planetary security. At the theoretical intersection of Gaia, Anthropocene and Planetary Defense studies, we propose a new concept of Integral Planetary Defense that includes ecological threats and cosmic threats from a coherent philosophical, legal and political approach. Thus, we claim the need to overcome, on the one hand, the anthropocentrism of “human security” strategies and, on the other hand, the epistemological reductionism of traditional planetary defense. To this end, the Anthropocene is first presented as a new horizon of belonging, the main ecological and cosmic threats affecting the integrity of the biosphere are analyzed, and finally, the actors, instruments, and antecedents that can serve the objectives of the Integral Planetary Defense are identified. In this way, we inaugurate a dialogue between philosophy, ecology, astrophysics, and legal sciences for the exploration of a new strategic notion of planetary security.