Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

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The objective of this article is to describe "• in a way that does not intend to be exhaustive "• a micro-area of Italian grammar, concentrating attention on the role of the two connectors "ma" and "bensí" in the expression of adversative and substitutive semantic-conceptual relationships: the coordinating conjunction "ma" (in constructions/ substitute constructs such as anaphoric recovery in correlation with a "polemic"negation in the role of cataphoric anticipator) is found in the two types of constructions from the language of the Origins (§1, §2 e §3.2) while in contemporary Italian the adverbial connector "bensì" is found only as a substitute anaphoric recovery (§3.1), with a value already documented in the second half of ‘600 "•even though from the first half of the same century to the beginning of the ‘900 there are also sporadic testimonies in adversative sense (§3.2). Furthermore, in the paratactic correlative structures that express a substitute relationship, the first coordinated element, which is in thematic position, is constituted by the cancellation of something that has already become part of the "universe of discourse", which results as co(n)textually given (§1): therefore, the substitutive is an inherently dialogical-polyphonic semantic-conceptual relation, that is, a type of construct in which the sender takes up, even to refute and correct them, the thought and voice of another issuer (§4).

This article describes the 1878 Gramática sucinta de la lengua alemana by Emil Otto and adapted for Spanish speakers by Francisco Gaffino, a grammar that adjusts the Gaspey-Otto-Sauer method to the teaching of German as a foreign language for Spanish speakers. This first edition – with the modifications that we will mention – has been re-edited until 2017. We aim to make a contribution to interpretative grammar studies and to the historiography of didactic grammaticography of foreign languages through the description of the textual and peritextual elements of this grammar, its didactic sequences and sources.

This paper aims to characterize the category of pronouns in the first Spanish grammars for Italian learners published between the 16th and 18th centuries. In particular, the attempt is to define, the nature of the pronoun class, presenting a terminological analysis and proposing a description of the types of pronouns identified in these grammars.