Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

This research focus in analyzing the decrees of Operations of Law and Order Guarantee and Federal Intervention in Rio de Janeiro. In addition, it verifies if the Brazilian Navy must act alone in matters regarding public security in Guanabara Bay and the ports. Therefore, inquiries were made on legal and infralegal apparatuses on the matter, differentiating the Federal Intervention from the Law and Order Guarantee, dealing with the plans provided in MD33-M-10 and the Federal Intervention Plan to understand if the Brazilian Navy possesses police power to do so or is exclusively an Armed Force entitled to act in cooperation with the security forces. Conclusions were drawn indicating that Guanabara Bay’s public security is competence of the Federal Police and is to be held with the maritime police. And the Brazilian Navy will be responsible for the cooperation regarding the security actions in the region.

Violence against women has several faces, such as psychological, physical, moral and patrimonial. Since 2006, it has been judicially restrained by the Maria da Penha Law and, since 2015, by the Feminicide Law. This work aims to analyze the crime of feminicide in the municipality of Belém (PA), with a time frame from 2011 to 2015. A survey was carried out based on police reports and procedures regarding the death of women due to gender reasons violence involving domestic and family and contempt or discrimination to the condition of woman. For this, a descriptive analysis technique was used in order to illustrate how these deaths occur. With the results, it was found that crime occurs more frequently in the night, on weekends, with the location of the fact the residence, using a sharp weapon. As verified the affective relationship with the author, and violent relationship. Understanding the characteristics of femicides is necessary to support and evaluate public policies for the prevention, repression and confronting violence against women.

The reflection of sociology about various phenomena brings important contributions to clarify socially established behaviors that can provoke or consolidate certain problems, such as gender violence. This article is a critical review of the literature in the field of sociology, based on the work of the French sociologist Pierre Bourdieu on symbolic violence, The male domination, of 1995. Through this reflection it can be noted that the increase in violence against women that the country experiences, despite its comprehensive laws, is a possible result of cultural inheritances structured on the basis of social institutions. This is reflected in an implicit way in services to combat domestic violence

This article aims to elucidate four economic models present in the illicit drug market and its intersections and connections with Minas Gerais’ public security policies for the Triângulo Mineiro region. In 2003, the public security field in Minas Gerais went through a redefinition in the course of university researchers administration due to the creation of the Social Defense Secretariat (Secretaria de Defesa Social — SEDS). The crime control management has incorporated a violent criminality prevention segment, which had resulted in positive outcome in other Brazilian federative units and other countries. The Fica Vivo! program has become a model to be followed in pursuance of homicide rates reduction. It has been observed that localities in Belo Horizonte that hosted the program have perceived social effectiveness by reducing these types of occurrences by 47%. Thus, it is interpreted how the policies implemented by SEDS influenced the crime control management in upcountry cities far from the capital of Minas Gerais. How do managers and other agents of these programs, as well as local population segments perceive the constitution of the drug markets in the Triângulo Mineiro region? In this context, the first model of drug trafficking described was the political-business model. The research was based on the conclusive report from the Minas Gerais’ Narcotrafficking Parliamentary Inquiry Commission, which documented accusations against politicians, businessmen and public security officers. The second model was the caipira route, which revealed drug markets installed on farms via air transport, discovered by Federal Police operations and reported by the local press. The third was the peripheral model, which was located in poor neighborhoods and consisted of a market generally made up of young people networks that determine moral norms in the territory. The last model identified was the cultured model, which involves the middle and upper class artistic and intellectual academic population of the cities. The selected method was an ethnographic research developed between 2011 and 2015, and the material analyzed was extracted from interviews, the Parliamentary Inquiry Commission’s report on illegal drug trade and files from the local press. It is possible to conclude that the first two models of drug trafficking are associated with a wholesale economy regimented by middle and upper class liberal professionals; the third model mixes the wholesale and retail economy in peripheral neighborhoods with changes derived from the consolidation of the First Command of the Capital (Primeiro Comando da Capital — PCC); and the last model describes multiple retail markets within and around the Federal University of Uberlândia (Universidade Federal de Uberlândia — UFU), carried out by middle class students. In addition, we will see how the intersections between these markets have also become customary, creating zones of circularity. Lastly, it is noted that the state crime control managers and local police officers relate the perception of drug consumption and trafficking by local population segments only to the peripheral model’s operation. Furthermore, the mentioned social agents usually propagate the notion that drug consumption, drug trafficking and violent crimes are limited to the population living in territories called risk areas and criminality rings.

O trabalho tem por objetivo apresentar uma análise sociológica da violência letal na capital do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, com base em um amplo conjunto de dados secundários e de entrevistas realizadas com profissionais do sistema judiciário e de segurança pública. O trabalho apresenta dados parciais de pesquisa realizada nos três estados da Região Sul, em seis municípios, com financiamento da Secretaria Nacional de Segurança Pública, de natureza qualitativa, envolvendo a realização de 90 entrevistas semi-estruturadas com profissionais da segurança pública, gestores e operadores do sistema de justiça, além de lideranças comunitárias, jornalistas especializados na cobertura de ocorrências policiais, juízes, promotores, delegados da polícia civil e oficiais das polícias militares. Com base nas percepções dos atores sociais entrevistados, procuramos compreender as dinâmicas dos homicídios relacionados aos conflitos entre as principais facções criminosas que disputam o controle do tráfico de drogas em Porto Alegre e as diferentes formas como esses conflitos são compreendidos pelos agentes que operam nos sistemas de justiça e de segurança pública. Uma das hipóteses é que o entendimento do que são as motivações para a maioria dos homicídios dolosos se confunde com os fatores causais, obscurecendo a compreensão da complexidade dos fatores sociais envolvidos na escalada da violência no sul do Brasil.

This article proposes to present a diagnosis on the phenomena of lethality and police victimization in Minas Gerais, aiming not only to scale the problem of deaths due to police interventions and violent deaths of police officers in the state, but also to know more in depth, the situational, institutional and criminal contexts that characterize such episodes. In general, what the data obtained in Minas Gerais for the period 2009-2016 indicate is that there has been a trend of strong growth of indicators of police lethality in the state over the last years. The numbers of victimization of public security agents, on the other hand, have shown reasonable stability. Moreover, the research findings are in dialogue with elements already exhaustively discussed by other studies of the genre, such as the lack of training and continuous training of police officers for the adequate exercise of differential use of force, the need to increase external control of police activity as well as the qualification of information and records on lethality and police victimization

In 2012, the government of Rio de Janeiro calls for the National Public Security Force (FNSP) to support him with the pacification policy in the Santo Amaro favela. The reference that public managers began to make regarding the FNSP mission in the Santo Amaro favela of "Federal UPP" identified this intervention with the strategy of the Pacifying Police Units (UPPs). Santo Amaro was occupied as part of the cooperation agreement with the Federal Government to implement the policy "Crack, É Possível Vencer". The UPP Santa Marta was implemented in 2008, being the first planned unit of the UPPs policy. The study aims to understand the relationship established between law enforcement officials and residents of the affected areas by the police occupation. Field research was conducted between 2014 and 2016, including interviews with police officers and residents, focus groups and field observation. Informal interviews with some locals and policemen were led to identify some types of conflict, analyzing the tense relationship established between both. Also the techniques of direct observation were utilized in community meetings such as the “community cafe” in Santa Marta. The results indicate that despite the lack of contact between the agents of FNSP and UPP Santa Marta, there is much similarity in their approach and relationship established with the locals. It follows a slightly varied militarized structure leading to some questionable community policing activities.

Brazilian society is still characterized by the abusive use of violence by public security agents. The interactions between civil society and the police are still marked by abuse of power, lack of criteria for the use of force and mistrust, which produce high rates of police killings and police victimization, evidence of an authoritarian and inefficient police. When government guidance is justified by police violence, and the judiciary itself is lenient in processing complaints, the trend is to increase the number of cases. In order to deal with this complex phenomenon, it was sought to analyze cases of police violence practiced by the Rio Grande do Sul Military Police between 2014 and 2016, based on records made by the Human Rights Reference Center of the Public Defender. Based on this records, it was possible to analyze the context in which they occur, the profile of victims and aggressors, as well as the referral given to the cases analyzed. 279 Procedures for Determining Individual Damage (PADINs) were analyzed. The reports of police violence carried out in custody hearings in the Porto Alegre region were also analyzed. Held at a specific place in the Central Prison, audiences were observed for two months (December 2016 and January 2017), and data were collected through the completion of a research form, within the scope of a project linked to the CNJ Research Program. Through the analysis of the collected data, we sought to identify the elements that characterize the cases of police violence in the city of Porto Alegre in the last period, as well as the referral given by the judicial institutions for the reported cases. Finally, we intend to present some of the causes of the phenomenon of the increase of police violence in the last period.  

Introducción:El reto que la sociedad actual propone a las universidades consiste en formar profesionales capaces de afrontar demandas laborales, desarrollar habilidades que les permita solucionar eficazmente las necesidades sociales, combinando conocimiento y habilidades intelectuales, manuales, sociales, actitudes para afrontar un problema profesional.Objetivo:Identificar los indicadores que permitan evaluar la correspondencia entre pertinencia del egresado de las Ciencias Médicas y la calidad de los servicios prestados en las instituciones de Atención Secundaria de Salud, provincia Mayabeque.Métodos:Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, transversal de abril 2018 a abril 2019 en las entidades de Atención Secundaria de Salud.  El universo estuvo constituido por 250 graduados de las carreras de Ciencias Médicas, 100 estudiantes de Medicina, 50 de Estomatología y 100 de Tecnología de la Salud vinculados a las instituciones objeto de estudio y 100 pacientes que acudieron solicitando atención en el periodo estudiado.Resultados:Se identificaron 12 Indicadores para evaluar la pertinencia del egresado de las carreras de Ciencias Médicas, 26 Indicadores para caracterizar la calidad de los servicios brindados en las instituciones de Atención Secundaria de Salud y la correspondencia entre los indicadores de pertinencia y calidadConclusiones:Existe correspondencia entre pertinencia del egresado de las carreras de Ciencias Médicas y la calidad de los servicios brindados en las instituciones de Atención Secundaria de Salud de la provincia Mayabeque. La correspondencia entre pertinencia y calidad será más eficiente en la medida en que se logre que los profesionales apliquen conocimientos y habilidades para solucionar las necesidades de salud de la población.