Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

It is imperative that both students and researchers delve into the topic of research: how to investigate, what to investigate and what to do, instill the scientific spirit that must be the essence of higher education. The importance of knowledge and the application of research methods and techniques in the field of law and forensic sciences lie in the acquisition of the necessary tools for the efficient performance of professional practice. This means that not only will these tools be useful for accrediting a subject or obtaining an academic degree, but when they are learned during academic training they will also be put into practice as an applicant or litigator, as a judicial operator, as a legal advisor in Legislative congresses or in public or private administration and, no doubt, as a teacher and researcher. Research is a valid and recommended procedure for all fields of study, whether humanistic or scientific. It can be done during the class period or in separate periods depending on the circumstances and possibilities of the academic field. Research involves the development of a special, systematic, controlled, empirical and critical activity, guided by concepts and categories, ordered by a procedural strategy and aimed at producing scientific knowledge about an aspect or area of reality or solving practical problems of it.

Different episodes of road accidents (traffic events) to which judicial decisions are added in favor of the freedom of drivers charged with crimes committed on the occasion of driving a car and the persistent claims of Civil Associations to incorporate the so-called Criminal Code Traffic offenses are, to a large extent, the factors that act as a trigger for regulations. What is intended is to provide some solution to all social conflicts, or at least, to those considered most important, although in reality they are not. In this way, criminal law - another understood as minimal intervention - is moving towards an indiscriminate criminalization of behaviors that, in many cases, do not even put at risk a certain legal good. Given the occurrence of a criminal act (or not criminal, but that society claims it to be) of great social impact, we observe an immediate reaction of the policy by calling the four winds the criminal reform to quickly resolve the conflict, whether creating new criminal types of suspicious constitutionality, particularly subject to a severe penalty or hardening penalties of already existing criminal types, thereby seeking to provide solutions usually merely symbolic or formal, more oriented to calm popular voracity than to give a real solution to social conflict.

The purpose of this article is to introduce a criminal figure on which the doctrine is scarce with respect to national experiences and even in other latitudes of our continental area, the experience in the United States being probably one of the most enriching, from a perspective Academic, however, is an existing figure in our Penal Code, technical and interesting, where for its configuration and proof, the legal is perfectly combined with the forensic sciences. However, it is necessary in advance to enter the system in which it occurs, this being the financial system, and also the specific market, that is, the stock market, which has a greater positive impact on the economy of the country. country and that represents an alternative means for the financial development of investors, who must be protected, added to the market in which they develop.

Human Rights are respect for the dignity of being, as a human person, as determined by the "Universal Declaration of Human Rights." In Panama, the first legal reference, related to this issue is the Political Constitution of Panama, which is based on Title III, Chapter I, the Fundamental Guarantees, in articles 17 to article 55, where they give us all the rights either for the simple fact of being Human. Human rights are not concessions from States, they are the result of a cycle in which a part of society faces an act that violates dignity. In this we can mention the fundamental role of the National Police of Panama has to comply with and enforce the law without distinction of sex, social class and nationality, therefore human rights and their respect or violation are cultural product, that is, they result of the effort that each society makes for its own dignity, at a given moment.

This article details, from a chronological perspective, the evolution of environmental legislation in the Republic of Panama; making mention of the main Laws promulgated by the Legislative Organ, the International Agreements signed by the country and the Constitutional principles on which it is based. Concluding with the need to group environmental regulations in a single legal body, in the figure of an Environmental Code that gathers and organizes all the pre-existing provisions.

Banking law as a source of specialized legal knowledge in an area that includes a multidisciplinary, technical and complex study, is a branch little explored by the literature, especially by the Panamanian legal literature. This branch of law comes to suppose a legal specialty that obviously has its development on the activity of a company, the bank, but that, on the other hand, has its subject of protection, which does so according to the author's criteria. eminently public branch of law, in the person understood as a banking consumer.Thus, in the face of fundraising from the public and the clear importance of the entire financial system, banking law tends to frame this entire field of study and to find the best sources of regulation in the sector that per se is widely regulated, in the Panamanian case, through the  Panama´s Superintendency of banks.

The text that we present focuses on a conceptual and adjective humanistic thinking of those acts of evidentiary formation that require judicial protection as state control to limit state power in the person of the Public Prosecutor's Office, which by having the State apparatus at its service can unbalance the scale of access to justice. Under this axiom, we expose the need to control the acts of the investigation by standardizing fundamental rights, such as privacy, personal integrity and human dignity. In this section we will analyze prior control, based on human criteria that restrict the most intimate rights of human nature and the foundations of its evidentiary reasoning, based on a probabilistic standard of logical inferences.