Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Se realizó una revisión de las principales Guías internacionales y de las normas cubanas referentes a las Pruebas de Esfuerzo (PE) bajo control electrocardiográfico con el objetivo de actualizar el correspondiente protocolo de actuación en nuestro país. Se revisan las indicaciones de dichas pruebas, con mayor énfasis en su valor diagnóstico y de evaluación terapéutica y pronóstica en las enfermedades coronarias, así como en la hipertensión arterial, arritmias cardíacas, cardiopatías congénitas y en Medicina Deportiva. Se señala la sensibilidad y especificidad de tales pruebas y su relación con el número de vasos coronarios enfermos, así como del valor de la determinación de la capacidad funcional del sujeto evaluado por su valor en la determinación del estado de la función cardíaca: disminución de un 50% o más se corresponden con disfunción sistólica de ventrículo izquierdo.Se señalan también las contraindicaciones absolutas y relativas de la PE, así como sus criterios de interrupción, que bien aplicados reducen su riesgo de complicaciones. Son citados los criterios de positividad clínicos y electrocardiográficos de isquemia del miocardio durante el ejercicio físico, así como que se ofrecen elementos hemodinámicos adicionales para realizar una mejor interpretación de dicha prueba.Finalmente se hace una mención sobre la PE Cardio-respiratoria o ergoespirometría y se señala su valor en la evaluación objetiva de la capacidad funcional en individuos sanos, enfermos y en deportistas, mediante la determinación del consumo de oxígeno, así como en la estratificación pronóstica de pacientes con enfermedades cardiovasculares, particularmente con insuficiencia cardíaca.Se concluye que las PE mantienen plena vigencia al considerar su utilidad diagnóstica y pronóstica, así como su amplio empleo, bajo costo y poco riesgo.

The objective of this study was to verify the viability of using crop residues as ground cover, in addition to traditional methods, as a way to control spontaneous plants in pineapple cultivation. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design with three replications, and eight treatments were used between the rows of pineapple: (1) herbicide; (2) mowing; (3) hand weeding; ground cover with (4) caete leaves and stalks; (5) corn crop residues; (6) bean crop residues; (7) sugar cane leaves and (8) banana leaves. Each plot consisted of four rows of pineapple in 1.0 x 0.2 m spacing; each row consisted of 12 plants, totaling 48 per plot. Morphometric and qualitative characteristics of pineapple fruits were evaluated, besides the production of spontaneous plants. The results indicated that the highest dry mass yield of spontaneous plants occurred in herbicide and mowing treatments in contrast to that produced by beans. The most promising soil cover with banana leaves was similar to the traditional weeding and herbicide treatments for pineapple yield, fruit size, crownless fruit mass and fruit quality, as well as control of spontaneous plants.

Products formulated from plants have a range of active compounds, which may have proven insecticidal effects and can be attractive or repellent to insects, thus serving as an alternative in the control of populations of insect pests. The present study aimed to investigate the potential insecticidal activity of essential oils and methods of application on Sitophilus spp. in beans (Phaseolus vulgaris) under controlled atmosphere. The bioassays were conducted at the Laboratory of Entomology of the Agronomy Department of the Southern University of Santa Catarina (UNISUL). The essential oils used were: Cymbopogon citratus (citronella), Cymbopogon nardus (lemon grass) and Pimenta racemose (peppercorn), which were applied in two methods on bean grains. An insecticidal effect on Sitophilus spp due to the application of essential oils in bean grains. Greater insecticidal effect was obtained especially in the treatment with peppermint essential oil, and the second highest average mortality was presented by lemon grass oil. These results show that these two oils are efficient for handling Sitophilus spp. within 72 hours after application.

This work explores a part of the violences that affects those who practice prostitution. After an ethnographic work, analyzing the speeches of activists of two organizations of sex workers in Buenos Aires and Seville, we find the relevance of what they call institutional violence and its origins in the whore stigma, the prohibitionist and abolitionist ideologies, their shape in policies actions against prostitution and trafficking and its result in the form of direct violence by specific agents, such as the police forces. Since stigma is consistent with the idea of ​​cultural violence, hegemonic anti-prostitution ideologies, and repressive legislation with structural violence and police repression with direct violence, an inductive process of investigation leads us to consider the potential of Galtung's classic triangle of violence to understand the complexity of the rooting of this issue in our societies and the consequences it has in the lives of sex workers and in the control of the sexuality of all women.

This text tries to approach the male client of the paid sex and the rhetoric that are expressed in the public space, about its relevance to trafficking in persons, in the Spanish sociocultural and political context. The methodology used is based on the critical analysis of secondary sources, empirical scientific studies and research that have been published in Spain in recent years, as well as other documentary resources. The results obtained reveal, first of all, the difficulties in characterizing the client differentially with respect to the rest of the male population. Secondly, some evidence of a criminalizing rhetoric of clients is exposed, in a general context of criminalization of sex work, based on ideological or moral options. Thirdly, some vectors, that operate in the insertion of the client in the rhetorical plot that makes him responsible for human trafficking, are shown. The conclusions of the work point to the difficulty of an analytical categorization of the client in commercial sex from the sociology of deviation. Holding him responsible for trafficking responds to ideological or moral reasons, and blurs its role in relation to action against human trafficking. Key words: clients, public space, sex work, human trafficking.  

This paper aims to analyze images of the female body in public space of Natal, Rio Grande do Norte (Brazil), by considering as corpus 64 billboard advertisings with 74 female characters located in the main avenues of the city. Field incursions, mapping and collection of pieces were conducted based on a transdisciplinary approach, being analyzed through the interpretative perspective of Goffman (1987) which perceives advertising as a diffuser of ideological representations and social stereotypes. The obtained results emphasize that: the advertisements displayed in the streets of the city address the female body into five categories (family, professional, beauty, erotic and consumer); little representation of minorities (black and old) and no representation of women with any disabilities were encountered; the education sector is the one that displays the most women in advertisements; women are usually shown smiling, looking at the viewers with passive postures and apparently inviting to a reading of their bodies as object of desire.          

It has been said that sexuality is always conceived in a distinctive way in each society, its historical study being positioned as a valuable resource to understand its meaning and complexity. However, the scientific materialization of this premise has been limited, presenting this article as an opportunity to explore a Latin American sexuality, as is the case in Chile. Its specific objective is to carry out an essay about conflict and control as historical constants in the trajectory of the country's sexuality. For this, an exploratory work was carried out in which bounded passages of its history are presented, an exercise based on the compilation and articulation of historical, legal, sociological, essayistic, etc. As a final reflection highlights the idea of ​​a sexuality initially structured by explicit forms of control based on a matrix conflict, ordering that has currently mutated towards a public and conflicting sexuality, but still subject to new and sophisticated forms of daily control.

In this paper I reflect about social meanings of money in gay couples. The aim is to reconstruct the amorous stories that attribute money specific meanings, and also, to recognize the ways that monetary circulation within these loving stories translates couples’ particular significations. The article derives from a doctoral research that consists on interviewing, in many encounters, thirty gay young men residents in Metropolitan Area of Buenos Aires (Argentine). Based on the stories of four of these thirty interviewed, the paper reconstructs the ways in which couples’ relationships are structured, at the same time that allows how specific objects, such as money, show off mechanisms of equalization and disequalization (Collins, 2005) within same-sex couples. As conclusion, I recognize the explicative potential of these mechanisms from the reconstruction of loving narratives, when couple inequality is usually explained in generic terms.

The notion of identity has had multiple, contradictory uses and is, perhaps, the most debated concept in academic circuits. However, the concept has faced a revitalization by cultural and feminist studies that, since a few decades, have questioned the material and subjective constitutions of sexualized-generated subjects under a dimension of false identity totality. Thus, this essay considers some post-structural discussions about "identity" specifically in the formation of homosexual subjects.

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